Osteology Flashcards
How many bones is the adult human skeleton composed of?
206
What are bones
Rigid structures made of calcified dense connective tissue
What is the compact (cortical) bone?
The outer most dense layer of the bone which gives its smooth, white and solid appearance
What is the spongy (cancellous) bone?
The deep airy layer of the bone. Unlike the compact bone, spongy bone is highly vascularized and more metabolically active
What is cartilage
A flexible connective tissue found in multiple organ systems of the body.
What are some examples of hyaline cartilage
It’s sound in the joints, larynx, trachea and the ribs
What are some examples of elastic cartilage
Ear, auditory tube and epiglottis
What are some examples of fibrocartilage
Intervertebral discs, pubic and other symphyses
What is the function of joints
Joints provide a fulcrum to the bones, on which they pivot and thereby allow movements of body parts
What are some examples of synovial joints
The knee, shoulder, sternocavicular and elbow joints
What are some examples of fibrous joints
The cranial sutures, the distal tibiofibular and cuboideonavicular joints
What are ligaments
Ligaments are fibrous bands made of dense regular connective tissue which are similar in structure to tendons. Unlike the tendons that connect muscles to the bone, the ligaments connect bone to bone
