Osteology Of The Skull Flashcards
(16 cards)
- List the paired and unpaired bones of the skull
Paired Bones:
1. Temporal bones (2)
2. Parietal bones (2)
3. Zygomatic bones (2)
4. Maxillae (2)
5. Nasal bones (2)
6. Lacrimal bones (2)
7. Palatine bones (2)
8. Inferior nasal conchae (2)
Unpaired Bones:
1. Frontal bone (1)
2. Occipital bone (1)
3. Sphenoid bone (1)
4. Ethmoid bone (1)
5. Vomer (1)
6. Mandible (1)
What bone make up the pterion and what is the clinical significance of this point?
Bones:
-Frontal
-parietal
- sphenoid
-Temporal
Clinical significance:
It is the landmark for passage of middle meningeal artery and it’s also a weak point of the skull, trauma in this area can lead to damage of middle meningeal artery resulting in epidural hematoma
The Bregma is point for….in neonates?
Anterior fontanelle
The Anterior fontanelle ossifies at
18months
The lambda is point for….in neonates
Posterior fontanelle
The posterior fontanelle ossifies at
3 months
The facial bones are?
Facial Bones
Paired (12 total):
1. Maxillae (2)
2. Zygomatic bones (2)
3. Nasal bones (2)
4. Lacrimal bones (2)
5. Palatine bones (2)
6. Inferior nasal conchae (2)
Unpaired (2 total):
1. Mandible
Structures of the anterior cranial fossa are
Structures of the anterior cranial fossa:
- Frontal bone (orbital plate)
- Ethmoid bone
- Cribriform plate
- Crista galli
- Frontal crest
- Sphenoid bone
- Lesser wings
- Jugum sphenoidale
- Cribriform foramina
- Anterior ethmoidal foramen
- Posterior ethmoidal foramen
- Frontal sinus
- Meningeal layers (dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater)
- Falx cerebri
- Gyri recti
- Orbital gyri
- Olfactory bulbs
- Olfactory tracts
Structures of the middle cranial fossa are -
Ten important structures of the middle cranial fossa:
- Sphenoid bone (greater wings, sella turcica)
- Temporal bone (petrous part)
- Superior orbital fissure (transmits CN III, IV, V1, VI)
- Foramen rotundum (transmits CN V2)
- Foramen ovale (transmits CN V3)
- Foramen spinosum (transmits middle meningeal artery)
- Carotid canal (transmits internal carotid artery)
- Pituitary gland (within sella turcica)
- Optic chiasm (near chiasmatic groove)
- Trigeminal impression (for trigeminal ganglion)
Structures in the posterior cranial fossa are
- Occipital bone (basioccipital, squamous part, clivus)
- Temporal bone (petrous part)
- Foramen magnum
- Jugular foramen
- Internal acoustic meatus
- Hypoglossal canal
- Cerebellum
- Brainstem (pons, medulla oblongata)
- Tentorium cerebelli
- Sigmoid sulcus
Foramens of the middle cranial fossa
- Superior orbital fissure
- Foramen rotundum
- Foramen ovale
- Foramen spinosum
- Foramen lacerum
- Carotid canal
- Hiatus for greater petrosal nerve
- Hiatus for lesser petrosal nerve
Structures through the superior orbital fissure
Superior orbital fissure:
Oculomotor nerve (CN III)
Trochlear nerve (CN IV)
Ophthalmic nerve (CN V1)
Abducens nerve (CN VI)
Superior ophthalmic vein
Structures through foramen rotondum are
Maxillary nerve (CN V2)
Structure through Foramen ovale
Mandibular nerve (CN V3)
Accessory meningeal artery
Lesser petrosal Nerve
Emissary vein
Hint:MALE
Foramen spinosum
Middle meningeal artery
And
Meningeal branch of mandibular nerve
Structures through Foramen lacerum
Internal carotid artery
Greater petrosal nerve
