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HEALTH EDUCATION > OSTEOPOROSIS > Flashcards

OSTEOPOROSIS Flashcards

1
Q

What is osteoporosis?

A
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2
Q

Pathophysio of osteoporosis?

A
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3
Q

What is osteopenia?

A

condition where your bones have less mineral density than normal, making them weaker than healthy bones. It’s a step between having healthy bones and developing osteoporosis, a more severe bone disease.

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4
Q

Risk factors?

A

Unmodifiable
- women
- post and early menopausal
- elderly
- family history
- white and asian

modifiable
- sedentary lifetsyle
- smoking
- increase alcohol intake and caffeine ( reduce calcium absorbtion)
- low intake of calcium and vit d
- over exercise
- chronic conditions
Asthma and arthritis
Long term use of steroids

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5
Q

Why steroids is a risk factor

A
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6
Q

How to diagnose osteoporosis?

A

Use of a Dexa scan

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7
Q

What DEXA stands for?

A

Dual Energy Xray Absorptiometry

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8
Q

What is Dexa scan

A
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9
Q

Medications for osteoporosis

A
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10
Q

What are the treatment?

A
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11
Q

Health teaching for osteoporosis.

A
  1. Diet
  2. Weight bearing exercise
  3. Reduce alcohol intake
  4. Exposure to sunlight
  5. Use of assistive device
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12
Q

What food should be given for osteoporosis?

A
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13
Q

What weight bearing exercises should be doing?

A
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14
Q

What are vit d rich food

A
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15
Q

Whats biphosphonate?

A
  • decrease the person’s risk of breaking bones
  • SIDE EFFECTS
    • stomach upset
    • inflamed esophagus
  • SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS:
    • Given one hour before meals
    • Given once a week
    • To increase fluid intake
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16
Q

What is Prolia

A
  • Injected SC every 6 months, to reduce bone loss
  • SIDE EFFECTS
    • bone pain (most common)
    • back pain
    • pain in arms and legs
  • CONTRAINDICATED
    • low calcium level - correct calcium levels first before giving Prolia.
    • pregnant or planning for pregnancy- it can harm the unborn baby.
17
Q

Calcium medication

A
  • to maintain strong bones
  • SIDE EFFECTS
    • Constipation
    • Abdominal pain
    • flatulence
18
Q

Vit D

A
  • helps the body absorb calcium and phosphorous from the food you eat.
  • examples of vit D rich foods
    • oily fish ( salmon, sardines, tuna, makarel)
    • Beef liver
    • Egg yolks
    • Fortified foods ( milk, cheese, yogurt, cereals, orange juice, plant-based milk)
    • Mushrooms
  • SIDE EFFECTS
    • weakness
    • nausea and vomiting
    • dry mouth
19
Q

What hormone should be given in Hormone replacement therapy

A
20
Q

S/sx

A
  • Back pain
  • Loss of height/change in body shape
  • Unexplained broken bones
  • FRACTURES commonly occurs in Wrist, Hip, Backbone.

HEALTH EDUCATION (4 decks)

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