OT History

Question 1

Pre-history

Answer 1

1700-1899
-The Age of Enlightenment (Reason) questioned old world views.
-Provided new ways of knowing
-Technological advancements, human migration and industrialization created social challenges and social developments.

Question 2

John Locke

Answer 2

-ideas had a significant impact on modern thought
-Many fundamental ideas in occupational therapy can be traced back to his influence

Question 3

Era of Founders

Answer 3

-1900-1919
-Modernization, immigration, and industrialization created mental health problems that existing treatments were unable to address.

-Led to a belief that active engagement could be an effective remedy for nervous disorder

-This became known as occupation therapy.

Question 4

Post War Growth

Answer 4

-1920-1939
-After WWI, a period of standardization and stabilization ensued.
-OTs’ alliance with the AMA gained legitimacy—at cost of autonomy.
From its deep roots in mental health, -OT branched into:
Physical rehabilitation
Tuberculosis care

Question 5

The “work cure” replaced the…

Answer 5

rest cure

Question 6

OT gained recognition and sought to standardize practice during which historical period?

Answer 6

Postwar growth WWI

Question 7

Elenor Clarke Slangle

Answer 7

Early President and Secretary of the American Occupational Therapy Association

Question 8

FDR

Answer 8

-disabled with polio
-influential in the creation of social security and other key recovery programs during the depression of the 1930s

Question 9

WWII and Continued Development

Answer 9

-1940-1959
-Occupational therapy, strongly influenced by medicine, plays a key role in rehabilitation of soldiers.
-Developments in prosthetics, assistive technology, and neurodevelopmental care were accelerated

Question 10

Col. Ruth Robinson

Answer 10

-served in World War II and helped establish training programs for therapy personnel
-AOTA President and influenced the creation of Certified Occupational Therapy Assistant programs (1958)

Question 11

Further Evolution of Occupation Therapy

Answer 11

-1960 -1979
-Era of Medicare, Vietnam War, and Civil Rights
*provided important context on society as it addressed social justice.
-School-based services for disabled children is mandated by law

Question 12

1960’s to 1980’s

Answer 12

-1963 Community Mental Health Center’s Act led to closing of residential institutions
-OT’s in community-based settings

Question 13

Lyndon B. Johnson

Answer 13

signed the Medicare/Medicaid Legislation of 1965

Question 14

Mary Reilly

Answer 14

strongly influenced conceptual thinking about the importance of occupational therapy to human productivity

Question 15

New Horizons

Answer 15

-1980 - 1999
New Theories, ADA, and Occupational Science

Question 16

George H. W. Bush

Answer 16

Americans with Disabilities Act in 1990

Question 17

New Millennium

Answer 17

2000- present
-Digital technology and the Internet
-Cost containment comes to the forefront as health care costs rise
-Focus on ethics, quality of life, utilization of theory

Question 18

President Barack H. Obama

Answer 18

Affordable Care Act into law in 2010, increasing access to health care for millions of Americans without insurance