OTA week one Flashcards
(27 cards)
What are sources of common neuro conditions?
- neuromuscular
- neural developmental
- infections
- autoimmune
What are some common disorders?
-stroke
-spinal cord injury
Stroke: Cause, and long term side affects
Cause: change in blood flow to the brain, resulting in long term damage
long term side affects:
- Physical changes: paralysis or weakness, difficulty swallowing or eating, physical pain, spasms, and insomnia
- Memory and cognitive: memory loss, difficulty learning, difficulty grasping new information, and mixing up info
- Communication: Slurred speech, difficulty speaking or finding words, trouble understanding what people are saying, and trouble reading or writing.
- Emotions and personality: Anxiety or excessive worrying, depression, personality changes, and pseudobulbar (involuntary emotional expression disorder)
4 areas of spinal cord trauma
Cervical: Trauma to the necks spinal cord and affects the body below the head
Thoracic: Truma to the upper backs spinal cord and affects from the trunk down.
Lumbar: Trauma to the lower back spinal cord and affects function below the waist.
Sacral: Trauma to the bottom section of the spine and generally does not cause paralysis, but sensation and body function around the area can be affected.
what are the types of visual impairments?
- hemianopsia
- diplopia
- optic neuritis
- nystagmus
what are the communication impairments following a stroke
- dysarthria
- verbal apraxia
what is dysarthria?
motor speech disorder where the muscles of the mouth are weakened
what is verbal apraxia?
- motor planning problem, motor control of your tongue
- PATAKA is the test
Different types of aphasia
- wernicke’s aphasia
- broca’s aphasia
- anomic aphasia
- mixed aphasia
what is wernicke’s aphasia?
fluent aphasia
- receptive language deficits (jargons words, gibberish, words that don’t make sense)
what is broca’s aphasia?
non fluent aphasia
expressive language deficit (word searching, understands more than what they can say)
what is anomic aphasia?
fluent aphasia
fluent but still searching for words, will do more self-correction
what is mixed aphasia?
non fluent aphasia
effortful speech + limited comprehension of speech
what could be considered some communication support for those with communication impairments?
- writing, gestures
- writing key words
- draw scale, choice of emotions
key wording
- pencil and paper in front of pt
- contrast
- short and clear info
aphasia adapted material
- simple font: century gothic, sans serif, veranda
- large font: 14pt
- integrate pics too
what are some areas of neuro complications and pt safety
- physical
- cognitive
- behavioural
- sensory
- affective
what could be considered as some physical complications to be looking out for?
- subluxation
- weakness
- paralysis
- spasticity
- seizures
what are some cognitive complications to be looking out for?
- loss of awareness
- loss of inhibition
- impaired judgement
- communication issues
what are some behavioural complications to look out for?
- aggression and violence
- sexual inappropriatness
what are some sensory complications to look out for?
- peripheral or central neuropathy
- loss of sensation
- loss of pain reception
what are some affective complications to look out for?
- depression
- anxiety
- suicidal
what are some outcomes to avoid?
- falls or msk injuries
- choking/aspiration
- increased pain
- wandering
what is relapsing remitting ms?
- Chronic disease that affects the PNS, brain,
spinal cord - symptoms such as fatigue,
difficulty walking, numbness, vision issues. - RRMS is a type of MS. There
are recurrences or episodes of the illness. There are intervals of
recuperation, or remissions, in between these flare-ups. Not every
symptom may get better during a remission.
