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Embryology & Histology > Other possible MCQ 1-2 > Flashcards

Other possible MCQ 1-2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Mitochondria produce which chemical for intracellular energy?
a. ADP
b. ATP
c. RNA
d. DNA

A

b. ATP

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2
Q

Each tissue originates from mesoderm, EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?
a. Bone
b. Liver
c. Blood
d. Muscle

A

b. Liver

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3
Q

Which chemical is called the second messenger?
a. aDNA
b. mRNA
c. dGMP
d. cAMP

A

d. cAMP

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4
Q

Which cellular component facilitates protein synthesis?
a. Ribosomes
b. Lysosomes
c. Mitochondria
d. Plasmalemma

A

a. Ribosomes; translate genetic codes for proteins and activate mechanisms for their production

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5
Q

Which organelle produces microtubules?
a. Nucleus
b. Centriole
c. Golgi apparatus
d. Endoplasmic reticulum

A

b. Centriole

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6
Q

Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized as the initial resting stage?
a. S phase
b. G1 phase
c. G2 phase
d. Prophase

A

b. G1 phase

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7
Q

Posttranslational modifications to proteins produced by the rough endoplasmic reticulum are accomplished by __________.
a. mitochondria
b. Golgi apparatus
c. messenger RNA
d. smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

b. Golgi apparatus

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8
Q

The _______ provides an ideal environment for the implantation and growth of the embryo.
a. ovary
b. uterine tube
c. myometrium
d. endometrium

A

d. endometrium

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9
Q

Intercalated disks are present in which type of muscle?
a. Cardiac
b. Smooth
c. Skeletal
d. Voluntary

A

a. Cardiac

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10
Q

Developmental abnormalities are not associated with which number of chromosomes?
a. 44
b. 45
c. 46
d. 47

A

c. 46

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11
Q

Which best describes diapedesis?
a. Programmed cell death and fragmentation
b. A protective mechanism in the immunologic defense of the body
c. The development of a cartilage disk in the neck of each long bone
d. The migration of leukocytes between endothelial cells to the site of infection

A

d. The migration of leukocytes between endothelial cells to the site of infection

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12
Q

T cells, B cells, NK cells, and macrophages are produced in the _________.
a. spleen
b. cerebellum
c. lymph nodes
d. bone marrow

A

d. bone marrow

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13
Q

Which represent the first change in shape of the embryo’s body from a flat sheet of cells?
a. Formation of the embryonic disk.
b. Formation of neural folds.
c. Formation of cartilage.
d. Migration of myoblasts from the myotome.

A

b. Formation of neural folds.

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14
Q

Myotome produces which of the following types of tissue?
a. Connective
b. Muscle
c. Nerve
d. Epithelial

A

b. Muscle

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15
Q

Which type of bone formation occurs through a tight matrix of collagen fibers, which slowly calcify into bone?
a. Endochondral
b. Intramembranous
c. Epiphyseal
d. Interstitial growth

A

b. Intramembranous

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16
Q

Blood cells arise from cells called
a. neuroblasts.
b. fibroblasts.
c. osteoblasts.
d. angioblasts.

A

d. angioblasts.

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17
Q

Each of the following is a derivative of ectoderm EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?
a. Tooth enamel
b. Tooth dentin
c. Epidermis
d. Nervous system

A

b. Tooth dentin; mesoderm

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18
Q

Which hormone is produced by the placenta?
a. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
b. Prolactin
c. Progesterone
d. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

c. Progesterone; and estrogen

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19
Q

The ovum contains twice as many chromosomes as its parent cell.
T or F

A

False; they contain half-23

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20
Q

The cell may contain more than one nucleolus.
T or F

A

True

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21
Q

The information in mRNA is translated by ribosomes located on the surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
T or F

A

True

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22
Q

Spindles present during mitosis are attached to centromeres.
T or F

A

False

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23
Q

DNA replication takes place during the G1 phase of the cell cycle.
T or F

A

False

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24
Q

Fertilization takes place in the distal part of the uterine tube.
T or F

A

True

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25
Endoderm and ectoderm are the first two germ layers to develop. T or F
True
26
Melanocytes are responsible for skin pigment. T or F
True
27
The embryonic skeleton first forms as bone. T or F
False; cartilage
28
The umbilical system carries oxygenated blood. T or F
True
29
The foramen ovale closes during the third week of prenatal life. T or F
False
30
Before the development of the vascular system, the vitelline system provides nutrients to the embryo. T or F
True
31
Smooth muscle is consciously controlled. T or F
False; involuntary
32
The cardiovascular system originates from chondroblasts. T or F
False; angioblasts
33
Tissues are most susceptible to teratogens during the proliferative period. T or F
False; 3-8 most susceptible because this is the period of most growth
34
The foramen ovale is an opening between the right and left atria of the heart. T or F
True
35
Equilibrium is controlled by tiny organs, which are located in the middle ear. T or F
False; inner ear
36
The spinal cord consists of how many segments? a. 21 b. 22 c. 30 d. 31
d. 31
37
Internal organs (viscera) receive most of their neural impulses from which nervous system? a. Somatic b. Sensory c. Afferent d. Autonomic
d. Autonomic; carries impulses from CNS to involuntary muscles
38
Which of the following is not a type of cartilage? a. Dense b. Elastic c. Fibrous d. Hyaline
a. Dense
39
Which body system relies on neural stimuli to function? a. Vascular b. Digestive c. Endocrine d. Respiratory
c. endocrine
40
Which of the following is not a major function of the urinary system? a. Controls blood volume b. Controls blood pressure c. Controls testosterone levels d. Controls urine composition
c. Controls testosterone levels
41
Which cell supports the nervous system? a. Myoblast b. Neuroglia c. Leukocyte d. Melanocyte
b. Neuroglia
42
The junctional epithelium of gingiva is replenished every _____ days. a. 1 to 3 b. 4 to 6 c. 7 to 9 d. 10 to 13
b. 4 to 6
43
All body sensations are relayed to the ______ and the _______. a. brain; spinal cord b. afferent; efferent systems c. voluntary; involuntary muscles d. sympathetic; parasympathetic divisions
a. brain; spinal cord
44
Which type of tissue lines the respiratory tract to move foreign particles out of the respiratory system? a. Dendrites b. Neuroglia c. Cilia d. Sebaceous glands
c. cilia
45
Which layer of epithelium is the deepest, germinating layer? a. Spinous layer b. Basal layer c. Granular layer d. Clear layer
b. Basal layer
46
Impulses conducted from the periphery of the body (e.g., muscles, glands) to the central nervous system (CNS) are conducted through which system? a. Motor b. Somatic c. Afferent d. Autonomic
c. Afferent
47
The absorption of nutrients occurs in which location? a. Mouth b. Stomach c. Small intestine d. Large intestine
d. large intestine
48
Each is part of a neuron EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? a. Axon b. Plasma c. Dendrite d. Perikaryon
b. Plasma
49
Which is true regarding the central nervous system (CNS)? a. - The CNS is composed of the brain and the spinal cord. b. -The CNS is composed of the brain, but not the spinal cord. c. -The efferent system carries information from the peripheral nervous system to the CNS. d. -The somatic nervous system carries impulses from the CNS to involuntary muscles.
a. - The CNS is composed of the brain and the spinal cord.
50
Which function is associated with the skin? a. Excretes waste products b. Absorbs nutrients from ingested food c. Supplies a framework for muscle and ligament attachments d. Relays information from the glands to the central nervous system
a. excretes waste products
51
Ligaments and tendons are composed of which tissue? a. Neural b. Muscle c. Epithelial d. Connective
d. connective
52
true/false: Blood provides protection from bacteria
True
53
Buccal mucosa renews itself in ____ days. a. 1 to 2 b. 3 to 4 c. 5 to 9 d. 10 to 14
d. 10 to 14
54
Impulses pass from the CNS to involuntary muscles via the _____ system. a. sensory b. afferent c. somatic d. autonomic
d. Autonomic
55
Which of the following insulates axons located outside the CNS? a. Bone b. Endomysium c. Myelin sheath d. Connective tissue
c. myelin sheath
56
Which organ is part of the lymphatic system? a. Thyroid b. Thymus c. Pancreas d. Parathyroid
b. thymus
57
Each of the following is a function of the large intestine EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? -Absorption of nutrition -Dehydration of food -Reduce food to liquid chyme -Compress food into solid waste
-Reduce food to liquid chyme
58
Which epithelium consists of several layers, with only the basal cell layer in contact with the basal lamina? a. Simple b. Stratified c. Squamous d. Pseudostratified
b. Stratified
59
T/F: Osteoporosis affects men at an earlier age than women.
False
60
Blood returns to the heart through a. capillaries. b. veins. c. large elastic arteries. d. smaller muscular arteries.
b. veins
61
Simple squamous epithelium functions as a lining in which location? a. Mouth b. Vagina c. Kidney d. Pharynx
c. Kidney
62
What are the three types of muscle tissue? a. Cardiac, skeletal, and smooth b. Striated, voluntary, and smooth c. Cardiac, skeletal, and voluntary d. Voluntary, involuntary, and striated
a. Cardiac, skeletal, and smooth
63
Which organ system secretes and regulates hormones in the blood? a. Exocrine b. Endocrine c. Lymphatic system d. Neural system
b. endocrine
64
Connective tissue proper is classified as ______________. a. dense, striated, or smooth b. simple, stratified, or squamous c. dense, loose, or loose with special properties d. dense, elastic, or elastic with special properties
c. dense, loose, or loose with special properties
65
How does epithelial tissue renew itself? a. Mitosis of the basal cells b. Mitosis of the granular layer of cells c. By shedding or sloughing the surface cells d. Through nourishment of nearby blood vessels
a. Mitosis of the basal cells
66
Which term represents a single layer of cells? a. Simple b. Stratified c. Cuboidal d. Columnar
a. Simple
67
Neuroglia cells are __________ numerous than neurons. a. slightly less b. slightly more c. significantly less d. significantly more
d. significantly more
68
Blood is an example of which of the following four primary types of tissue? a. Neural b. Epithelial c. Connective d. Muscle
c. Connective
69
Bone is calcified connective tissue. T or F
True

Embryology & Histology (5 decks)

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