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Junior E.N.T > Otitis Media > Flashcards

Otitis Media Flashcards

(39 cards)

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1
Q

Otitis media

Inflammation of the ____________ lining the __________

A

Membrane lining

Middle ear cleft

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2
Q

Classification of Otitis media

________ Otitis media

________ Otitis media

Others

A

Acute

Chronic

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3
Q

Classification of Otitis media

Acute Otitis media
__________ or ____________

A

Suppurative

Non-Suppurative

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4
Q

Classification of Otitis media

Chronic Otitis media
__________ or ____________

A

Suppurative or non-suppurative

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5
Q

Classification of Otitis media

Others

__________ Otitis media
_________ Otitis media with ________
__________ Otitis media

A

Adhesive

Chronic; effusion

Specific

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6
Q

Acute Non-suppurative Otitis media

AETIOLOGY

_________
_________
_________
Hypogammaglobinemia
________

A

Unknown
Allergy
Infection
Hypogammaglobinemia
Tumor

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7
Q

Acute Non-suppurative Otitis media

AETIOPATHOGENESIS

Tubal occlusion (by _________ or _________).

Tubal oclusion - gives _________ middle ear pressure in the middle ear cavity causing _______________________.

Middle ear _________ wil absorb the ______ from the middle ear producing (more or less?) ________________.

Eventually, this set up _______________ with production of _________.

Exudate may be of varying consistency, from _________ to _________.

A

Adenoid ; infection

negative ; tympanic membrane refraction.

mucosa ;air ;more

negative pressure.

acute inflammation ;stale effusion.

serous ; mucoid.

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8
Q

Clinical features of Acute Non-suppurative Otitis media

Symptoms

Feeling of ________ of the ear
_________
Childs’ performance may be _____
____________

A

Feeling of blockage of the ear
Deafness
Childs’ performance may be low
Autophony

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9
Q

Clinical features of Acute Non-suppurative Otitis media

Signs
• Tympanic membrane appear _______ and may be _________.
• ________ pf the tympanic membrane
• Evidence of ________ in the middle ear which may be seen as ________.
• ________ of the tympanic membrane is decreased
• Tuning fork tests
- Rinnetest - ________ on the affected site .
Weber test lateralized to the _________ side

A

Dull ; congested.

Retraction ; fluid ; air bubble.

Mobility ; negative ; affected side

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10
Q

Investigations of Acute Non-suppurative Otitis media

_________ - OM of paranasal snius
• _________ view of nasopharynx to view ______
• __________ (_______ and ______)

A

Plan x-rays

Lateral; adenoid

Audiometry. (Pure Tone Audiometry &Tympanometry)

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11
Q

Treatment of Acute Non-suppurative Otitis media

Removal fo possible cause - ___________.

• Anti-allergy t r e a t m e n t

• ______________

A

Adenoidectomy

Myringotomy

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12
Q

Acute suppurative Otitis media

Inflammation of the _________ layer of the middle ear cleft by _________ organisms

A

Periosteal

Bacterial

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13
Q

Incidence of Acute suppurative Otitis media

Commonly seen in _________, but ______ may be affected

A

Children

Adults

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14
Q

AETIOPATHOGENESIS Of Acute suppurative Otitis media

Routes of Infection

•Infection through ____________ of the middle ear.
•Traumatic ________
• Hematological - __________ infection

A

Eustachian tube

perforation

blood borne

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15
Q

Common organisms in Acute suppurative Otitis media

List 5

A

Sretpotcocus
Pneumococcus
H. Influenza
Moraxella catarrhalis
Pseudomonas

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16
Q

Clinical features of Acute suppurative Otitis media

SYMPTOMS
• Ear _____
• _______ of the war
•Fever
•(Mild or severe?) __________

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A

Ache

Fullness

conductive loss

17
Q

Acute suppurative otitis media

Signs during the Stage of Hyperemia / Exudation

Tympanci membrane _____________
__________ of tympanic membrane may be ________
•____________ discharge on Rhinoscoph

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A

congested; landmark; distorted

Mucopurulent

18
Q

Acute suppurative otitis media

Signs during the Stage of Suppuration
•__________ tympanic membrane
•___________ discharge through the perforation

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A

Ruptured

Pulsatile

19
Q

Treatment during the stage of hyperemia and exudation
• ___________
• __________ / __________
• Nasal __________ (Nasal __________)
• __________

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A

Antibiotics
• Analgesics / Antipyretic
• Nasal drops (Nasal Decongestion) • Myringotomy

20
Q

Treatment during the stage of Rupture of tympanic membrane

• Broad spectrum antibiotics __________ /Antibiotics systemic
• Analgesics / Antipyretic
• Nasal _______ (Nasal _________)
• ___________
• Keep ear free of _________

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A

eadrrops
Nasal drops (Nasal Decongestion)
Aural tolleting
water

21
Q

Acute suppurative otitis media

STAGE - OF COALESCENT MASTOIDITIS
• Re-infection of the midle ear usually after ___________
• Discharge is _________/______
• Mastold __________
• Tympanic membrane with _____________

Study These Flashcards
A

weeks

copious/continous

tenderness

central perforation

22
Q

Treatment OF COALESCENT MASTOIDITIS

_______________

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A

Cortical mastoidectomy

23
Q

INVESTIGATIONS of Acute suppurative otitis media

_________ for MCS
X-ray of the ________ bone (_________) will show ________ of the ______________

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A

Ear swab

Temporal; Mastoid

clouding; mastoid air cells

24
Q

Acute suppurative otitis media

STAGE OF COMPLICATIONS
• Untreated cases can lead to intra-cranial /extra-cranial complications

TREATMENT
SURGERY
__________ and ___________

MEDCIAL
__________________

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A

Mastoidectomy and Cranial exploration

Broad spectrum antibiotics

25
STAGE OF RESOLUTION First evidence of resolution is ________________ Pathological process wil resolve and ear comes back to normal.
termination of ear discharge.
26
CHRONIC SUPPURATIVE OTITIS MEDIA It is defined as chronic inflammation of ____________ lining of the middle ear cleft.
muco-periosteal
27
Classification of CHRONIC SUPPURATIVE OTITIS MEDIA •__________ type. (Safe) •_______________ type. (Unsafe)
Tubo-tympanic Affico-antral
28
TUBO-TYMPANIC CSOM Predisposing factors Inadequate treatment of _______ Infection from ____________ • Degree of __________________ ( _________ mastoids are more prone to CSOM)
ASOM surounding areas pneumatisation of mastoid sclerotic
29
Etiological agents of CSOM • Gram negative organism like _____,_______ • ______coccus •________lococcus
EColi, pseudomonas Strepto Staphylo
30
Clinical features of CSOM •Ear Discharge - Profuse/intermittent. Predominantly ________ ____________ , __________, not ___________ . It increases with ______ •Deafness - ___________
mucoid Mucopurulent; yellowish foul smeling ; cold Mild conductive
31
STAGES OF EAR DISCHARGE of CSOM Active: ear discharge active up to _______ Quiescent: No ear discharge for ________ Healed: __________________ healed
3months No; 3-6 months Central perforation
32
Signs of Tubo-tympanic CSOM •__________ within the ear canal, _________ smelling • Tympanic membrane perforation. (__________,________,_________ )
Discharge; non - foul Cenrtal marginal Attic
33
Investigations For tubo tympanic CSOM MCS ________ audiometry _____ of the mastoids X-ray of paranasal sinuses / post nasal space Diagnostic endoscopy-
Pure tone X-ray
34
Treatment of tubo tympanic CSOM Medical treatment ____________ Antiblotics ________ Surgery _____________ if hearing loss is less than 40dbHL _____________ if hearing loss >40<55dbHL
Aural toleting Antiblotics EAR drops Myringoplasty; Tympanoplasty
35
Attico-Antral CSOM Usualy associated with ___________ formation , which is a sac containing _________________________ with ____________________. It is described as _______ in the wrong place. It causes destruction of the middle ear and erosion of the bone within middle ear and surrounding.
Cholesteatoma Keratinizing squamous epithelium cholesterol crystals. Skin
36
Clinical Features of Attico-Antral CSOM •Ear discharge - ______ smelling, _______ , predominantly _________. Occasional ________ stained. • Deafness -___________ deafness •_________ •_________
Foul; scanty; purulent; blood Progressive Tinnitus Vertigo
37
Clinical features of Attico-Antral CSOM • Signs Otoscopic examination • ______ smelling discharge within the ear canal • ____________ in posterior superior part of the ear canal. • _____ or ______ or ______ perforation • _____________ e or ________ within middle ear. • ________________ flakes seen through tympanic perforation
• Foul • Granulation tissue • Attic or marginal or total • Granulation tissue or polyps •Whitish cholesteatoma
38
Treatment of Attico-Antral CSOM Surgery •___________ • Medical treatment if patient is unfit for surgery.
Mastoidectomy
39
Investigations of Attico-Antral CSOM • MCS • Pure Tone audiometry • X-ray = bony erosion, degree of sclerosis or bony destruction. •CT SCAN •MRI
NOOOOOO

Junior E.N.T (9 decks)

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