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Endo > Outcome Measures > Flashcards

Outcome Measures Flashcards

1
Q

Who said: 89% of periapical lesions show some signs of healing within one yearafter NSRCT therapy, although it can take up to four years for the lesions to completely resolve?

A

Orstavik 1996

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2
Q

Orstavik 1996

periapical lesions

A

89% of periapical lesions show some signs of healing within one yearafter NSRCT therapy, although it can take up to four years for the lesions to completely resolve

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3
Q

Who found that the Peak incidence of healing or emerging apical periodontitis was at 1 year in both instances?

A

Orstavik 1996

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4
Q

who studied 89 PARL after NSRCT and found that 18% demonstrated complete healing after 6 mos, and 71% showed complete healing at one year or longer?

A

Murphy 1991 (at vcu!)

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5
Q

Murphy VCU

periapical lesions

A

studied 89 PARL after NSRCT and found that 18% demonstrated complete healing after 6 mos, and 71% showed complete healing at one year or longer?

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6
Q

Who used Delta Dental records and showed that of 1.4 million initial NSRCT, 97% were retained after 8 years

A

Salehrabi and Rotstein (2004)

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7
Q

Salehrabi and Rotstein 2004

prognosis

A

used Delta Dental records and showed that of 1.4 million initial NSRCT, 97% were retained after 8 years

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8
Q

Who said in a systematic review that no difference in the survival rates of implants versus NSRCT (both 94%)

A

Iqbal and Kim 2007

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9
Q

Iqbal and Kim 2007

prognosis

A

systematic review of 55 implant studies and 13 NSRCT studies. no difference in the survival rates of implants versus NSRCT (both 94%)

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10
Q

Who said: technical quality of coronal restoration was significantly more important than the technical quality of the endodontic treatment for apical periodontal health (presence of periradicular inflammation)

A

Ray and Trope 1995

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11
Q

What did Ray and Trope 1995 say was most important in whether an endodontically treated tooth ended up with periradicular inflammation?

A

technical quality of coronal restoration

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12
Q

Who said teeth that were not restored with a coronal restoration were 4x more likely to undergo extraction (used insurance databases)

A

Lazarski 2001

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13
Q

What did Lazarski 2001 say about the importance of a coronal restoration?

A

teeth that were not restored with a coronal restoration were 4x more likely to undergo extraction (used insurance databases)

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14
Q

Who said the best indicator of post-op pain is pre-op pain?

A

Walton and Foaud 1992

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15
Q

Walton and Foaud 1992

post-op pain

A

best indicator of post-op pain is pre-op pain

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16
Q

Who showed no correlation between post-op pain and patient demographics or systemic conditions, number of appointments, treatment procedures, or taking antibiotics

A

Walton and Foaud 1992

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17
Q

Hasselgren 1988

obliterated root canals

A

Teeth with obliterated root canals (couldn’t be obturated at least a third of the tooth, and couldn’t be seen on radiograph) had an 89% 2-12 year success rate. No PARL: 98%. PARL: 63%

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18
Q

Who said: Teeth with obliterated root canals (couldn’t be obturated at least a third of the tooth, and couldn’t be seen on radiograph) had an 89% 2-12 year success rate. No PARL: 98%. PARL: 63%

A

Hasselgren 1988

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19
Q

Cheung 2005

likelihood of a crowned tooth needing a root canal?

A

The survival rates for pulp vitality were 84% (single unit) and 71% (bridge) after 10 years, and 81% (single unit) and 66% (bridge) after 15 years.

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20
Q

Who said: The survival rates for pulp vitality were 84.4% (single unit) and 70.8% (bridge) after 10 years, and 81.2% (single unit) and 66.2% (bridge) after 15 years.

A

Cheung 2005

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21
Q

Who said: Maxillary anterior teeth used as bridge abutments had a higher rate of pulpal necrosis than any other tooth types

A

Cheung 2005

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22
Q

Cheung 2005-which teeth are most likely to need root canals when used as bridge abutments?

A

Maxillary anterior teeth

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23
Q

Who said that neither dehydration nor endodontic tx caused degradation of the physical or mechanical properties of dentin?

A

Huang 1991

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24
Q

Huang 1991

are endo teeth more brittle?

A

neither dehydration nor endodontic tx caused degradation of the physical or mechanical properties of dentin?

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25
Q

Two studies that support that endodontically treated teeth are not more brittle?

A

Huang 1991

Sedgley and Messer 1992

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26
Q

Sedgley and Messer 1992

are endo tx’d teeth more brittle?

A

Tested the biomechanical properties of dentin from 23 endo tx’d teeth (avg. 10 year post-tx). Compared to contralateral vital teeth. Aside from a slight difference in hardness, the properties were compatible. IE Endo tx’d teeth are not more brittle!

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27
Q

Why do endo tx’d teeth seem more brittle?

Reeh 1989

A

It is the loss of structural integrity associated with the access preparation, rather than changes in the dentin, that lead to a higher occurrence of fractures in endodontically treated teeth compared with vital teeth.

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28
Q

Who says that it is the loss of structural integrity associated with the access preparation, rather than changes in the dentin, that lead to a higher occurrence of fractures in endodontically treated teeth compared with vital teeth.

A

Reeh 1989

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29
Q

Who showed that access preparations result in greater cuspal flexure, increasing the probability of cuspal fracture?

A

Panitvisai and Messer 1995

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30
Q

Panitvisai and Messer 1995

A

showed that access preparations result in greater cuspal flexure, increasing the probability of cuspal fracture

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31
Q

who to quote that cuspal coverage should be provided for posterior teeth?

A

Panitvisai and Messer 1995

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32
Q

Two studies to quote that the presence of a cuspal coverage restoration is one of the most significant factors in prediction of long term success?

A

Cheung 2003,

Sorensen

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33
Q

Aquilino and Caplan

2002

A

retrospective study that found that endo tx’d teeth with cuspal coverage were six times more likely to survive than those with intercoronal restorations

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34
Q

who did a retrospective study that found that endo tx’d teeth with cuspal coverage were six times more likely to survive than those with intercoronal restorations

A

Aquilino and Caplan 2002

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35
Q

Heydecke 2001

posts

A

The placement of posts may increase the chances of root fracture

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36
Q

Who to quote for the placement of posts may increase the chances of root fracture?

A

Heydecke 2001

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37
Q

Who to quote that anterior teeth with minimal loss of tooth structure may be restored conservatively with a bonded restoration in the access opening.

A

Sorensen & Martinoff 1984

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38
Q

Sorensen & Martinoff 1984

post endo restoration?

A

anterior teeth with minimal loss of tooth structure may be restored conservatively with a bonded restoration in the access opening.

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39
Q

Difference between retention and resistance?

A

Retention: the ability to withstand vertical forces
Resistance: the ability to withstand lateral and rotational forces

40
Q

When is a tapered post indicated?

A

In thin roots with delicate morphology

41
Q

Who showed that there is a higher success rate with parallel than tapered posts?

A

Sorensen and Martinoff1984

42
Q

What is the adequate length for posts (according to whom?)

A

8 mm. Neagley 1969

43
Q

Why should titanium posts not be used?

Why should zirconia posts not be used?

A

Low fracture strength

Cannot be etched-so cannot be bonded to. Also, impossible to grind away if needs to be removed.

44
Q

Who said that temporary posts/crowns are not effective in preventing contamination of the root-canal system?

A

Fox1997

45
Q

Whose review article recommends that post length equal 3/4 of root canal length, or at least equal to length of the crown (but 4-5 mm of GP should remain apically to maintain an adequate seal)?

A

Goodacre and Spolnik 1995

46
Q

Goodacre and Spolnik 1995

post length

A

review article recommends that post length equal 3/4 of root canal length, or at least equal to length of the crown. But, 4-5 mm of GP should remain apically to maintain an adequate seal.

47
Q

Who said that occlusal forces concentrate at the crest of bone during masticatory function, therefore, a post should always extend apically beyond the crest of bone?

A

Hunter 1989

48
Q

Hunter 1989

posts?

A

occlusal forces concentrate at the crest of bone during masticatory function, therefore, a post should always extend apically beyond the crest of bone

49
Q

Two studies that conclude that the presence of a cuspal coverage restoration was the only significant variable to predict long term success:

A

Sorenson (1984) evaluateated 1273 endodontically treated teeth
Aquilino & Caplan (2002) evaluated 608 teeth

50
Q

Who said only 50% of endodontically treated molars were restored with cuspal coverage restorations?

A

Scurria et al. 1995

51
Q

Who said 4 mm of chamber height is sufficient for retention?

A

kane et al. 1990

52
Q

What did Salehrabi and Rotstein find about during their delta dental NSRCT survival study about the teeth that had to be extracted?

A

85% had no full coverage

53
Q

Overall healed and functional rates for de Chevigny 2008 for NSRCT?

A

86% healed, 95% functional

54
Q

Three prognostic factors found in de Chevigny 2008 study for NSRCT?

A

Better outcome for:
teeth without pre-op radiolucency
without multiple roots
without intraop complications

55
Q

de Chevigny 2008 healed and functional rates for NSRCT tx’d teeth with and without PARL’s?

A

with PARL: 82% healed, 96% functional

without PARL: 93% healed, 94% functional

56
Q

Which different studies did Ng do on prognosis for NSRCT?

A

2007: Review of lit part 1 and 2: lit review and meta analysis
2011: Prospective study part 1: success, part 2: survival

57
Q

Who said there is a 14% decrease in success for every 1 mm increase in pre-op lesions for NSRCT studies?

A

Ng 2011

58
Q

Who can you quote that vital teeth can be obturated 2-3 mm short, but non-vital teeth need to be within 2 mm of the apex?

A

Wu, Wesselink and Walton 2000

59
Q

Ng 2011 prospective outcome study for NSRCT results

A

89% healed (loose criteria), 83% healed (strict criteria), 95% survival rate

60
Q

Ng 2007 meta-analysis outcome study for NSRCT

A

Success ranged from 68-85%

61
Q

Two general studies to quote for prognosis for NSRCT?

A

Toronto (deChevigny) prospective: 86% healed, 95% fully functional. Ng prospective 83% healed, 95% survival

62
Q

deChevigny Retreat prospective study results?

A

4-6 years after retx: 82% healed, 94% functional

63
Q

Ng. Retreat prospective study results for retreats? Meta-analysis results?

A

Prospective: 80% healed, Meta: 77% healed.
Survival: 95%

64
Q

Tsesis 2006 surgery

A

Retrospective study using 3 endodontists and 3 oral surgeons. Complete healing 91% of time with modern technique, 44% with traditional.

65
Q

Who did Retrospective study using 3 endodontists and 3 oral surgeons. Complete healing 91% of time with modern technique, 44% with traditional.

A

Tsesis 2006

66
Q

Who did a meta-analysis that traditional root end had a 59% positive outcome, and modern microsurgery a 94% positive outcome?

A

Setzer 2010

67
Q

Setzer 2010 surgery

A

meta-analysis that traditional root end had a 59% positive outcome, and modern microsurgery a 94% positive outcome

68
Q

Song 2014

A

No significant difference between one and four year success rate for microsurgery (91% v. 88%).

69
Q

Who said No significant difference between one and four year success rate for microsurgery (91% v. 88%).

A

Song 2014

70
Q

Hoen 2002-extra canal?

A

In a previously treated tooth with obturation material 0.5 mm or more off center, 89% of roots had an additional canal.

71
Q

Who saidIn a previously treated tooth with obturation material 0.5 mm or more off center, 89% of roots had an additional canal?

A

Hoen 2002

72
Q

Spili 2005

A

NSD in prognosis with a separated instrument (92% v. 94%)

73
Q

What are the prognostic factors for retxs, according to De Chevigny, Friedman 2008?

A

Better if inadequate fill, no lesion, no perf

74
Q

Torbinejad 2009 outcome of retx?

A

71% at 2-4 years, 83% at 4-6 years, meta analysis shows that retx has more favorable long term outcome than surgery

75
Q

Who showed that apexification has a 91-94% success rate with MTA?

A

Witherspoon 2001

76
Q

Witherspoon 2001 described what?

A

Apexification with MTA (91 to 94% success rate).

77
Q

What is the goal of endodontic treatment?

A

Create an environment in which the body can heal itself (Cohen and Hargreaves)

78
Q

Two studies to quote that if surgery tx is preceded by non-surgical retx, prognosis will increase by 10-20%

A

Original Ostavik, more recently Zuolo

79
Q

Andreasen and Rud’s 1972 four categories for judging endodontic success?

A

Complete, Incomplete (decrease in size), Uncertain (radiolucency >2x normal PDL space), Unsatisfactory

80
Q

Who came up with four categories for judging endodontic success (complete, incomplete, uncertain, unsatisfactory)?

A

Andreasen and Rud 1972

81
Q

Who created radiographic visual aids to go with Rud’s criteria?

A

Molven 1987

82
Q

Orstavik’s criteria for success

A

Periapical index (1: healthy to 5: severe periapical disease)

83
Q

Friedman 2010 prospective study surgical outcome?

A

74% healed, 94% functional.

84
Q

Three predictive factors for surgical outcome from Friedman’s 2010 study?

A

Better outcome if older than 45 y.o., inadequate pre-op filling, crypt, <10 mm size

85
Q

Ng 2008- meta-analysis for retreats: healing rate?

A

77%

86
Q

Ng 2008- meta-analysis for retreats: three prognostic factors?

A

Better outcome if no PARL pre-op, root canal filling was not long, and good coronal restoration

87
Q

Who showed that following NSRCT, condensing osteitis completely reverses in 73% of cases?

A

Eliasson 1984

88
Q

What did Eliasson 1984 show about condensing osteitis?

A

Reverses in 73% of cases

89
Q

Who showed incidence of severe flare-up post op that resulted in an unscheduled appointment is 1.5-5.5%

A

Walton

90
Q

Walton

flare-ups?

A

Incidence of severe flare-up post-op that resulted in an unscheduled appt: 1.5-5.5%

91
Q

Who said that for necrotic teeth with PARL:
94% success 0-2 mm short
68% success > 2 mm short
76% success when long

A

Sjogren 1990

92
Q

What did Von Arx 2012 find were two significant predictors of healing for apical surgery?

A
  1. mesial-distal bone level (less than 3 v. greater than 3) (78v. 53%)
  2. MTA v. superEBA (86 v. 67%)
93
Q

Who found that two significant predictors of healing for apical surgery are:

  1. mesial-distal bone level (less than 3 v. greater than 3) (78v. 53%)
  2. MTA v. superEBA (86 v. 67%)
A

Von Arx 2012

94
Q

Who said 84% of teeth are healed one year after apical surgery, while 76% are healed after 5 years

A

Von Arx 2012

95
Q

Von Arx 2012- healed rate for apices at 1 yr. v. 5 yr

A

84 v. 76%

Endo (20 decks)

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