outdoor ed exam revision

Question 1

WHAT IS EQUALISATION - METHODS TO REMOVE IT

Answer 1

EQUALISATION IS WHEN YOU DESCEND IN WATER AND PRESSURE BUILDS IN YOUR EARS
HOLD YOUR NOSE AND BLOW (MOUTH CLOSED) OR SWALLOW

Question 2

POSITIVE, NEUTRAL AND NEGATIVE BUOYANCY

Answer 2

WHEN AN OBJECT IS LIGHTER, EQUAL TO OR HEAVIER THAN THE WATER IT DISPLACES

Question 3

DIVE FLAG

Answer 3

BLUE AND WHITE (NOTIFIES OTHER OF PERSON IN WATER)

Question 4

BUDDY SYSTEM

Answer 4

NO ONE SHOULD ENTER THE WATER OR RETURN TO SHORE ALONE, SOMEONE TO HELP OR IDENTIFY DANGER

Question 5

SNORKELLING CONDITIONS

Answer 5

HIGH TIDES
WARM WEATHER
SMALL WAVES - PREFERABLY FLAT

Question 6

DUCK DIVING

Answer 6

BEND AT HIPS AND POINT YOUR ARMS IN THE DIRECTION YOU WANT TO GO

Question 7

PARTS OF THE SNORKEL AND MASK

Answer 7

STRAP 
STRAP BUCKLE
NOSE POCKET 
PURGE VALVE 
FRAME
LENS
SKIRT 

SNORKEL
MOUTH PIECE

Question 8

WETSUIT - WHAT DOES IT DO?

Answer 8

PROVIDES INSULATION 
PROTECTS FROM SUNBURN
KEEPS BODY WARM (TRAPS LAYER OF WATER BETWEEN SKIN)
PREVENTS/MINIMISES HYPOTHERMIA 
KEEPS YOU BUOYANT

Question 9

RICER

Answer 9

REST 
ICE
COMPRESS
ELEVATE 
REFERAL

Question 10

DRSABCD

Answer 10

DANGER
RESPOSE 
SEND FOR HELP 
AIRWAY 
BREATHING 
CPR 
DIFIBRILLATOR

Question 11

COWS

Answer 11

CAN YOU HEAR ME?
OPEN YOUR EYES
WHATS YOUR NAME?
SQUEEZE MY HAND

Question 12

CPR

Answer 12

30 SECONDS OF COMPRESSIONS
2 BREATHS
100 COMPRESSIONS A MINUTE
COMPRESS AT A DEPTH OF A THIRD OF THE CHEST

Question 13

3 FACTORS THAT DETERMINE THE SIZE OF A WAVE

Answer 13

DURATION OF THE WIND
INTENSITY OF THE WIND
DISTANCE OF THE WIND

Question 14

TYPES OF WAVES

Answer 14

PLUNGING
SURGING
SPILLING

Question 15

PARTS OF A WAVE

Answer 15

CREST, TROUGH, FACE, LIP

Question 16

SPRING AND NEAP TIDES (DIFFERENCE)

Answer 16

SPRING - STRONG, OCCUR AT FULL AND NEW MOONS

NEAP - WEAK, OCCUR AT QUARTER MOONS

Question 17

WHY DO WAVES BREAK

Answer 17

AS THEY MOVE INTO INCREASINGLY SHALLOW WATER THE BOTTOM OF THE WAVE DECREASES IN SPEED AND THEN FOLDS OVER ITSELF

Question 18

WHAT IS A RIP

Answer 18

A BODY OF WATER MOVING OUT TO SEA

Question 19

TYPES OF RIPS

Answer 19

FLASH
PERMANENT
FIXED
TRAVELLING

Question 20

SIGNS OF RIPS

Answer 20

DISCOLOURATION OF WATER 
WAVES BREAKING EITHER SIDE OF WATER 
RIPPLED SURFACE (CALM LOOKING)
DIBRIS FLOATING 
FOAM ON SURFACE

Question 21

10 PARTS OF A TRANGIA

Answer 21

GRIPPERS (SPONDONACLE)
1 LITRE SAUCEPAN 
1 LITRE SAUCEPAN
SIMMERING RING
UPPER WIND SHIELD
LOWER WIND SHIELD
FRYING PAN 
STRAP 
FUEL CANISTER 
FUEL LID

Question 22

FUEL USED IN TRANGIA STOVE

Answer 22

METHYLATED SPIRITS

Question 23

PACKING A BAG

Answer 23

LINE WITH GARBAGE BAGS
PUT HEAVIER ITEMS DOWN THE BOTTOM (TOWARDS THE BACK)
USE CLOTHES TO FILL GAPS
MAKE SURE WARM AND WATERPROOF ITEMS ARE EASILY ACCESSED INCASE OF CHANGE IN WEATHER

Question 24

SELECTING CAMPSITE (TENT)

Answer 24

STICK TO ALREADY EXISTING CAMPSITES
NEVER CLEAR YOUR OWN SPACE FOR TENTS
TRY TO CHOOSE A RELATIVELY FLAT AREA

Question 25

FOOD SELECTION

Answer 25

``` MINIMAL RUBBISH - AVOID HEAVY CANS FRUIT AND VEGETABLES FOODS HIGH IN ENERGY ANF FIBRE EASY TO HANDLE/COOK FOODS IF USING MEAT FREEZE THE NIGHT BEFORE (THAW) ```

Question 26

MINIMAL IMPACT

Answer 26

TAKE NOTHING, LEAVE NOTHING DONT LITTER CARRY IT IN? CARRY IT OUT!

Question 27

6 MINIMAL IMPACT FOCUSES

Answer 27

``` HYGIENE HOW AND WHERE TO WALK CAMPFIRES CAMPSITES RUBBISH FEEDING WILDLIFE ```

Question 28

TOPOGRPAHIC MAPS - 1:50000 SAME AS? | - 1:25000 SAME AS?

Answer 28

1: 500 M OR 1:0.5KM 1: 250 M OR 1:0.25KM

Question 29

NORTHINGS AND EASTINGS

Answer 29

NORTHINGS - EAST TO WEST | EASTINGS - NORTH TO SOUTH (ALWAYS REFER TO FIRST)

Question 30

6 FIGURE GRID REFERNCE

Answer 30

LARGE NUMBER THEN (SMALL NUMBER) EXAMPLE 38(8)42(7)

Question 31

WHAT IS BUOYANCY

Answer 31

AN OBJECTS ABILITY TO FLOAT

Question 32

WHATS THE DIFFERNCE BETWEEN HYPOTHERMIA AND HYPERTHERMIA

Answer 32

HYPOTHERMIA - TOO COLD | HYPERTHERMIA - TOO HOT

Question 33

WHAT ARE PLUNGING WAVES

Answer 33

WAVES THAT BREAK WITH A STRONG FORCE IN SHALLOW WATER

Question 34

WHAT ARE SPILLING WAVES

Answer 34

GENERALLY THE SAFEST WAVES AND BEST FOR SURFING

Question 35

WHAT ARE SURGING WAVES

Answer 35

WAVES THAT MAY NEVER BREAK AND DON'T LOSE SPEED OR GAIN HEIGHT ASSOCIATED WITH CLIFFS AND ROCK EDGES

Question 36

WHAT IS A RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN AND WHY DO WE USE THEM

Answer 36

A PLAN THAT ACCOUNTS FOR ALL THE RISKS THAT COULD HAPPEN | THE PROS AND CONS OF SITUATIONS AND HOW TO DEAL WITH RISKS IF THEY OCCUR

Question 37

4 RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH BUSHWALKING

Answer 37

BUSHFIRES HYPOTHERMIA DEHYDRATION SNAKE BITES

Question 38

WHAT IS A TOPOGRAPHIC MAP

Answer 38

A MAP THAT ILLUSTRATES THE STEEPNESS

Question 39

WHAT IS WIND DIRECTION

Answer 39

THE DIRECTION THE WIND BLOWS FROM - NOT TO

Question 40

WHAT ARE AIDED RESCUES

Answer 40

RESUCUES PERFROMED WITH A BOARD OR TUBE

Question 41

WHAT ARE COMMUNICATION SIGNALS YOU CAN USE WHILE SNORKELLING

Answer 41

``` (CLOSED FIST) OK (WAVED CLOSED FIST) HELP (THUMBS DOWN) DECEND (THUMBS UP) ASCEND (3 FINGERS UP 2) OK ```