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GA lecture-elpida > Outline 15 > Flashcards

Outline 15 Flashcards

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1
Q

The fibula is/ is not part of the knee joint

A

IS NOT

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2
Q

Which malleolus in the leg is bigger,

medial or lateral?

A

medial malleolus is bigger

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3
Q

The tibia and the fibula are like the (a) in the (b)

A

(a) ulna and radius

(b) arm

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4
Q

The head of the fibula has a styloid process which is most like the (a) in the (b) because (c)

A

(a) styloid process
(b) ulna
(c) head of the ulna is next to its styloid process …the radius also has a styloid process but it is in the opposite direction of the head

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5
Q

Tibia is like the (a) in that it is subcutaneous all the way down and helps create the boundaries

A

Ulna

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6
Q

What are the 4 compartments in the leg

A

(a) crural interosseous membrane
(b) anterior interosseous septum
(c) posterior interosseous septum
(d) transverse crural intermuscular septum aka deep transverse fascia

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7
Q

Crural interosseous membrane separates….

A

anterior from posterior leg

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8
Q

Anterior interosseous septum separates (a)…

Connects (b) ?

A

(a) anterior from lateral leg

(b) connects fibula to deep transverse fascia

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9
Q

Posterior interosseous septum separates (a)

A

(a) lateral from posterior leg

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10
Q

Transverse crural intermuscular septum separates (a)

connects (b)

A

(a) posterior compartment: superficial from deep

(b) connects fibula to tibia

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11
Q

Anterior compartment NS

A

deep peroneal n

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12
Q

Anterior compartment BS

A

anterior tibial a

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13
Q

Anterior compartment FN

A

dorsiflexion

Also…
tibialis anterior assists with inversion
peroneous tertius assist peroneous longus + brevis with eversion

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14
Q

Anterior compartment muscles

A

EHL
EDL
tibialis anterior
peroneous tertius

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15
Q

Three special things about tibialis anterior

A
  1. strongest of the dorsiflexors

2. works with tibialis posterior to (3) contribute to inversion

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16
Q

EDL is most like (a) in the (b)

A

(a) ED

(b) hand

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17
Q

EHL is most like (a) in the (b)

A

(a) EPL

(b) hand

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18
Q

Lateral compartment NS

A

superficial peroneal n

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19
Q

Lateral compartment BS

A

peroneal a

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20
Q

Lateral compartment FN

A

eversion

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21
Q

Lateral compartment muscles

A

peroneus longus

peroneus brevis

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22
Q

Peroneous (a) is a bigger muscle because it starts more (b) and attaches to (c) and because of this has greater (d) than peroneous (e) which starts more (f)

A

(a) longus
(b) proximally
(c) it attaches to the hallicus, the brevis attachers to the 5th metacarpal
(d) leverage
(e) brevis
(f) distally

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23
Q

Posterior compartment NS

A

tibial n

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24
Q

Posterior compartment BS*

A

posterior tibial a

*popliteal a for gastroc and popliteus

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25
Posterior compartment FN | special exception?
plantarflexion popliteus - unlocks knee
26
Posterior compartment muscles
Superficial - gastrocnemius - soleus - plantaris - popliteus Deep - FHL - FDL - tibialis posterior
27
Triceps surae
gastroc + soleus
28
(a) + (b) cross the knee in the superficial layer while (c) does not
(a) gastroc (b) popliteus (c) soleus
29
additional action of gastric and popliteus not seen in (c)
``` knee flexion (c) soleus - only does plantar flexion ```
30
FDL is like (a) in (b)
(a) FDP | (b) arm
31
FHL is like (a) in (b)
(a) FPL | (b) arm
32
plantaris is like (a) in (b)
(a) palmaris longus | (b) arm
33
Popliteus origin
lateral condyle of femur
34
Popliteus instertion
proximal posterior tibia
35
Popliteus action | hint: 2
normal: rotate tibia medially (internal rotation) reverse: rotate tibia laterally (external femur rotation)
36
Tibialis posterior is like (a) in (b)
ASK!!
37
Five genicular branches?
superior and inferior medial genicular super and inferior lateral genicular middle genicular
38
Anterior tibial branches | hint: 5
anterior tibial recurrent superior and inferior medial malleolus superior and inferior lateral malleolus
39
Anterior tibial travels between (a) and (b) muscles and travels with (c) nerve
(a) EHL (b) tibialis anterior (c) deep peroneal n
40
Anterior tibial a ends in
doraslis pedis a
41
Anterior tibial a supplies (a) compartmetn
anterior compartment
42
(a) tibial a is the bigger of the two tibial arteries (post + ant)
(a) posterior tibial a
43
Posterior tibial branches | hint: 5
``` fibular/peroneal nutrient malleolar calcaneous circumflex fibular ```
44
fibular/peroneal supplies
peroneus longus/brevis
45
What makes the nutrient a in the lower leg/foot special
biggest of the nutrient a in body
46
posterior tibial ends in
lateral and medial plantar a
47
What are the superficial veins
dorsal venous arch great saphenous v small saphenous
48
great saphenous v. pathway
great saphenous --> femoral v --> femoral triangle
49
great saphenous v. travels with (a) nerve
saphenous n
50
great saphenous v. orientation
anterior to medial malleolus
51
small saphenous pathway
small saphenous --> popliteal v --> popliteal fossa
52
small saphenous travels with (a) n
sural n
53
small saphenous orientation
posterior to lateral malleolus
54
medial and lateral condyles in the tibia are separated by
intercondylar tubercles
55
knee joint is like the (a) joint but (b)
(a) elbow joint (b) 2 jts instead of 3 jts elbow jt 2 hinge joints: humeroradial, humeroulnar 1 ball-socket: proximal radioulnar
56
Knee joints
1. tibiofemoral | 2. patellofemoral
57
Type of jt tibiofemoral
modified hinge joint hinge jt --> uniaxial jt --> diarthroses
58
Type of jt patellofemoral
plane jt plane jt --> triaxial --> diarthroses
59
FN of tibiofemoral
flexion, extension
60
FN of patellofemoral
slide up during knee extension
61
Functions of patella
1. protection 2. increase leverage of quads by 30% 3. reduce friction
62
Functions of menisci
1. reduce friction 2. shock absorption 3. increase fit (congruence)
63
Knee locking
happens in last 30* most evident in last 5*
64
conjuct knee rotation is like (a) in the (b)
(a) passive rotation | (b) the shoulder
65
Knee capsular ligaments
``` coronary arcutae popliteal oblique politeal patellar retinacular deep/ capsular parts ```
66
Coronary
connects menisci to jt capsule
67
arcuate popliteal
seals popliteals muscle to jt capsule | connects: head of fibula to lat EPIcondyle of femur
68
oblique politeal
backwards projection of semitendinous that reinforces to jt capsule
69
patellar retinacular
seal quadriceps tendon to jt capsule
70
Major knee ligaments
COLLATERAL tibial collateral fibular collatera INTERNAL anterior cruciate posterior cruciate TENDONS ACTING LIKE LIGS tendon of ITB pes anserinus
71
tibial collateral lig
medial epicondyle of femur to prox medial tibia | prevents tibial ABDduction
72
fibular collateral lig
lateral femoral epicondyle to fibular head | prevents tibial ADDuction
73
Anterior cruciate ligament
tibial ori: anterior femur att: lateral protects: extension
74
Posterior cruciate ligament
tibial ori: posterior femur att: medial protects: flexion
75
Knee bursae
``` anserine politeus, gastroc, semimem suprapatellar subcutaneous prepatellar subcutaneous infrapatellar deep infrapatellar ```
76
anserine
pes anserius to tibia
77
suprapatellar
quadriceps tendon and femur
78
subcutaneus prepatellar
skin and in front of patella
79
subcutaneous infrapatellar
skin and patellar ligament
80
deep infrapatellar
patellar ligament and tibia
81
Standing - action - reinforcers
extension | ant cruciate lig + post jt capsule
82
Bent knee
flexion | posterior cruciate, politeus, add muscles, ITB,
83
Unhappy triad injured muscles
anterior cruciate tibial collateral lig medial meniscus
84
testing: ant cruciate
push forward, tibia coming out
85
testing: post cruciate
push leg back, tibia coming out
86
Borders of popliteal fossa
gastroc semiten semimem biceps femoris
87
Floor of popliteal fossa
distal posterior femur joint capsule oblique popliteal lit popliteus muscle
88
Roof of popliteal fossa
popliteal fascia deep fascia (super strong) superficial fascia aka skin
89
Contents of popliteal fossa genicular branches
superior and inferior later genicular a.'s superior and inferior medial genicular a.'s middle genicular a.
90
Contents of popliteal fossa veins
popliteal vein: small saphenous v
91
Contents of popliteal fossa nerves
Sciatic n Tibial - medial sural cut - articular branch - muscular branch to gastroc + plantaris Common peroneal - fibular communicating branch - lateral sural cutaneous n. sural n post femoral cut n lymph nodes + fat
92
The (a) wraps around the neck of the fibula and is a branch of the (b)
(a) circumflex fibular a | (b) posterior tibial a

GA lecture-elpida (4 decks)

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