Overview Flashcards

Question

A company will begin to allow staff to work from home by means of formal request. Which of the following is the BEST way for the company to document this change? A- Written procedure B- Written policy C- Written email D- Written memo

Answer 1

B- Written policy A written policy is a formal document that outlines the rules, guidelines, and procedures related to a specific decision or change within the company. In this case, a written policy would clearly state the conditions, requirements, and expectations for staff members who wish to work from home. It provides a comprehensive and standardized approach for employees and management to follow, ensuring consistency and clarity throughout the organization.

Answer 2

C- TLS To reduce the risk of sensitive data being intercepted and viewed during a Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attack, the technician should enable TLS (Transport Layer Security). TLS is a cryptographic protocol that provides secure communication over a computer network, typically the Internet. It ensures that data transmitted between the client (e.g., a web browser) and the server is encrypted and protected from unauthorized interception or eavesdropping. When TLS is implemented, the data exchanged between the client and server is encrypted, making it difficult for attackers to intercept and decipher the sensitive information.

Answer 3

A- CREATE The "CREATE" activity is used to create new database objects, such as tables, views, indexes, or even entire databases. In this case, the developer wants to add a new table, so they would use the "CREATE TABLE" statement to define the table's structure and columns within the database.

Answer 4

B- Fault tolerance RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) technology is used to achieve fault tolerance in storage systems. In a RAID setup, multiple hard drives are combined into an array, and data is distributed or mirrored across these drives. If one hard drive in the RAID array fails, the data is still accessible from the other drives, preventing data loss and maintaining the system's availability. RAID technology enhances fault tolerance by providing redundancy in case of hardware failures. It is commonly used in critical systems and servers to ensure that data remains available even in the event of a disk failure.

Answer 5

C- Spreadsheet software Spreadsheet software, such as Microsoft Excel or Google Sheets, would be the best choice for this task as it allows users to enter text and numbers, perform calculations, and create various types of charts and graphs to demonstrate sales figures effectively

Answer 6

D- Trademark Trademark - As copyright is not given to the selection of a name, if a company wants to promote its goods it will normally trademark its name and/or logo. A trademark must be distinctive within the industry in which the company is selling goods and services. An ordinary trademark is indicated by the ™ symbol. A registered trademark is indicated by ®. If you re-use or imitate an existing trademark, you are liable to legal action from the owner. Copyright is automatic legal protection granted to certain types of work indicating that the copyright holder owns the right to control the use of the work, including rights of publication, distribution, or sale. There is no need to apply for copyright or display any copyright notice in order to be protected by it. The creation of the work ensures copyright protection automatically. Nonetheless, in case of a dispute, you might need to prove when the work was created in order to defend yourself against charges of plagiarism. Plagiarism is the unacknowledged or unauthorized use of someone else's work.

Answer 7

B- Patching The most likely option to prevent malware sent as a compromised file via email from infecting a person's computer is "Patching." Patching refers to the process of applying updates, fixes, or patches to software and operating systems to address known vulnerabilities and security flaws. Many malware attacks exploit known vulnerabilities in software to gain unauthorized access to a computer or network. By regularly applying patches and updates to the email client, operating system, and other software, users can significantly reduce the risk of malware infection through email attachments. Patching ensures that known vulnerabilities are fixed, making it harder for attackers to exploit them.

Answer 8

C- In front of the fractional portion of a value A decimal point in a float is used to separate the whole numbers from fractions. It is placed after the last whole number (integer) in a value so in front of the fractional portion of a value.

Answer 9

C- 16AE Hexadecimal, hex for short, is a base 16 numbering system that uses the numbers 0 to 9 and the letters A through F to represent the numbers 10 through 16. To indicate that a number is written in hexadecimal some notations will use the prefix 0x in from of a number to indicate that it is a hexadecimal number. Another method used to show this is hexadecimal notation, will have an h suffix, so the number in answer C would be written as 16AEh.

Answer 10

C- DDR DDR is a type of memory. All the others are CPU features.

Answer 11

C- Chipset The chipset manages the motherboard. RAM and CPU are items installed on the motherboard. The L1 cache is a memory cache inside the CPU.

Answer 12

B- Thunderbolt and Mini DisplayPort Thunderbolt and Mini DisplayPort are correct. The other pairs are not identical.

Answer 13

C- Mandatory Access control Mandatory access control uses data labels to enforce policies that dictate resource access. Services are programs started by the OS and not the end user. Scheduled tasks run programs on a schedule basis, normally for OS maintenance purposes. The end-user license agreement (EULA) is a commercial software license agreement.

Answer 14

A- The top-level storage location on a volume The root directory is the top-level location on a volume. The other options don't describe the top-level location.

Answer 15

B- A router provides a path out of the LAN, such as to the internet A router, not a switch, provides a path out of the LAN to other networks. Both routers and switches can be used with either WANs or LANs and with both client-server and peer-to-peer networks.

Answer 16

C- Disaster recovery The disaster recovery plan provides details for how to restore a specific failed IT system or service to a functional state as quickly as possible.

Answer 17

C- Easier Debugging code that is interpreted is easier because the code is read one line at a time by the interpreter. When it gets to a line that is incorrect, the interpreter will stop and give an error code that can be used to debug the program. Compilers read all of the code before flashing an error so debugging may be more difficult.

Answer 18

B- Process Process is an instance of a computer program that's being executed (for example when you USE Word or Excel) Task is a set of programming instructions that are loaded in memory (for example when you OPEN word and you see all the loading, that's a task)

Answer 19

A- Java Java is the best answer of the ones presented, but strictly speaking Java isn't a 'true' compiled language. Java source code is 'compiled' to create Java object code which requires a Java runtime engine to execute the code on the computer. A true compiled language (e.g. C++) is compiled to machine code which will execute directly against the target host platform (e.g. Intel x64).

Answer 20

A- SELECT The systems administrator should use the SELECT command to return results for a time range within a database. The SELECT command is used in SQL (Structured Query Language) to retrieve data from a database. To query data within a specific time range, the administrator would use the SELECT command with appropriate filtering conditions. For example, if the database has a timestamp column representing the time of each record, the administrator could use the WHERE clause to specify the desired time range.

Answer 21

B and C The primary key is the data in one or more fields that is used to uniquely identify a record. The primary keys must be a unique value for each row of data, and it cannot contain null values. A customer ID number would be a good choice as long as there is no possibility that a number would have to be reused. AutoNumber is an option when no data filed fulfills the unique requirement. “Primary Value” is the nonsense detractor that could “sound true” but has no basis in fact.

Answer 22

A- Check knowledge base By checking the Knowledge Base, the technician can quickly access relevant information and solutions that have been previously documented by colleagues or other IT professionals. This can save time and effort, as it may provide a straightforward solution to the current issue without the need for further research or troubleshooting.

Answer 23

D- Access point An access point allows wireless devices to communicate with a wired network. It acts as a bridge between the wireless devices and the wired network infrastructure, facilitating data transmission between the two. When wireless devices such as laptops, smartphones, or tablets want to connect to a wired network (like the internet provided by an Internet Service Provider or an office network), they need to connect to an access point. The access point converts the wireless signals from these devices into wired Ethernet signals, which can be transmitted over the wired network infrastructure. In other words, the access point provides a Wi-Fi connection to wireless devices, allowing them to access resources and services available on the wired network to which the access point is connected. This enables seamless communication and data transfer between wireless and wired devices within the network.

Answer 24

B- Storing information A relational database management system (RDBMS) is most commonly used for storing information. RDBMS is a specialized software designed to create, manage, and manipulate relational databases. These databases consist of structured data organized into tables with rows and columns. The primary purpose of an RDBMS is to provide an efficient and reliable way to store, retrieve, update, and manage large amounts of structured data. It ensures data integrity, consistency, and security by enforcing rules and constraints on the data.

Answer 25

C- Constraint Constraints are used to limit the data type such that, only the required data type is entered in a table, any other data action that violates , this is aborted. This helps to enhance reliability and accuracy of data entered in a table.

Answer 26

D- NoSQL NoSQL databases are used to store large amounts of unstructured data and as such do not use a rigid schema to define what type of data will be stored.

Answer 27

D- Access point An access point allows wireless devices to communicate with a wired network. It acts as a bridge between the wireless devices and the wired network infrastructure, facilitating data transmission between the two. When wireless devices such as laptops, smartphones, or tablets want to connect to a wired network (like the internet provided by an Internet Service Provider or an office network), they need to connect to an access point. The access point converts the wireless signals from these devices into wired Ethernet signals, which can be transmitted over the wired network infrastructure. In other words, the access point provides a Wi-Fi connection to wireless devices, allowing them to access resources and services available on the wired network to which the access point is connected. This enables seamless communication and data transfer between wireless and wired devices within the network.

Answer 28

D- DROP The command used to completely remove a table and its data from a relational database is "DROP."

Answer 29

D- Unicode Unicode is a character encoding standard that aims to provide a unique code point for every character in all the world's writing systems, including characters from various languages, symbols, and special characters. It allows computers to handle and represent text data in different languages and scripts, making it a fundamental standard for internationalization and multilingual support in modern computing.

Answer 30

A- Algorithm The developer is creating an algorithm. An algorithm is a specific set of step-by-step instructions or procedures designed to solve a problem or perform a specific task. It is a precise and unambiguous description of how to accomplish a particular goal, and it forms the foundation of computer programming and problem-solving. In the context of programming, algorithms serve as the blueprint or plan for writing code to achieve a desired outcome. They provide the logic and structure that guide the computer program in its execution.

Answer 31

D- Configure prompting before downloading content Configuring prompting before downloading content helps prevent malware infections caused by Internet browsing by alerting you whenever a website attempts to download files to your device. This way, you can be cautious and avoid downloading potentially harmful files inadvertently. It adds an extra layer of security and control over what gets downloaded, reducing the risk of malware infections.

Answer 32

B- Configure the browser proxy settings On an enterprise network, a network firewall is likely to be deployed to monitor and control all traffic passing between the local network and the Internet. On networks like this, clients might not be allowed to connect to the Internet directly but forced to use a proxy server instead. The proxy server can be configured as a firewall and apply other types of content filtering rules. Some proxy servers work transparently so that clients use them without any extra configuration of the client application. Other proxies require that client software, such as the browser, be configured with the IP address and port of the proxy server. This information would be provided by the network administrator.

Answer 33

C- Corrupted cache The most likely cause of the issue described is a corrupted cache. When a user visits a website, the browser stores certain files and data from the website in its cache to speed up future visits. However, if the cache becomes corrupted or outdated, it can cause issues like displaying old or incorrect information, including outdated temperature data from a weather website.

Answer 34

A- IMPORT The "IMPORT" action allows the database administrator to bring data from an external source into the database. It is commonly used to load large datasets into the database efficiently and accurately. The external data can be in various formats like CSV, Excel, or other database exports.

Answer 35

C- Data A programmer uses DML (Data Manipulation Language) to modify data in a database. DML allows users to insert, update, delete, and retrieve data from the database. It is used to manipulate the data stored in database tables, ensuring that the programmer can modify, add, or remove specific records and information within the database system.

Answer 36

D- Data definition When an administrator grants permission for a user to access data in a database, the action performed is known as "Data definition." Data definition involves defining the structure and organization of data in a database. It includes tasks such as creating tables, specifying data types for each column, setting constraints (e.g., primary keys, foreign keys), and establishing relationships between tables. In this context, granting permission for a user to access data means defining the user's access rights and privileges to certain tables or data within the database.

Answer 37

B- Memory Memory is best option. The data does not need to remain persistent. And we know that all data in memory is lost if your computer loses power.

Answer 38

1) Identify the problem. ○ Gather information. ○ Duplicate the problem, if possible. ○ Question users. ○ Identify symptoms. ○ Determine if anything has changed. ○ Approach multiple problems individually. 2) Research knowledge base/Internet, if applicable. 3) Establish a theory of probable cause. ○ Question the obvious. ○ Consider multiple approaches. ○ Divide and conquer. 4) Test the theory to determine cause. ○ Once the theory is confirmed (confirmed root cause), determine the next steps to resolve the problem. ○ If the theory is not confirmed, establish a new theory or escalate. 5) Establish a plan of action to resolve the problem and identify potential effects. 6) Implement the solution or escalate as necessary. 7) Verify full system functionality and, if applicable, implement preventive measures. 8) Document findings/lessons learned, actions and outcomes.

Answer 39

D- As a property of the customer object Object properties represent a way of accessing a field publicly, instead of the overhead of using methods. Properties allow external code to ask the object to show or change the value of one of its fields. Object attributes are private variables which other programs cannot access directly. An object needs to have a method which allows another part of the program to access a field, adding extra overhead to the process. Setting up the EmailAddress field as its own object adds unnecessary overhead and duplication of information. It is much easier to set it up as a property of the Customer object. An array of variables is an inefficient way to store data, compared to objects.

Answer 40

C- Internet Internet layer encapsulates packets into Internet datagrams and deals with routing between different networks, using IP (Internet Protocol), ARP (Address Resolution Protocol), and ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol). Link or Network Interface layer is responsible for putting data (packaged in a unit called a frame) onto the physical network. Communications on this layer take place only on a local network segment and not between different networks. Transport layer uses TCP (Transport Control Protocol) or UDP (User Datagram Protocol) to provide communication sessions between computers. Application layer is the top level of the architecture which contains protocols that provide the communications formats for exchanging data between hosts, such as transmitting an email message or requesting a web page.

Answer 41

A- Service A service is a Windows process that runs in the background, without a window or user interaction. Task Scheduler is a service which sets up computers to run automated tasks. An application is a program with which users interact on the desktop. Task Scheduler runs in the background, whether or not a user scheduled anything manually via its console, as many of Windows' processes come with predefined task schedules. A batch file is a plain-text script file, with a series of commands which are executed by the command-line interpreter. Windows built-in administration tools such as the Task Scheduler are not batch files. The software utility cron is a time-based job scheduler in Unix and Linux computer operating systems.

Answer 42

B- 10. 9. 8. 7. 5. 3. 1 This pseudocode loops backwards from 10, decreasing the value of i inside the loop. Until i is less than 7, it decreases by 1, after that it decreases by 1 twice per loop (once inside the branch, and once outside the branch). If the pseudocode did not include the branch, then every number from 10 to 1 would be printed. If the pseudocode did not include the branch, and the print command followed the command to decrease i, then every number from 9 to 0 would be printed. If the branch condition was always true (for example, "if i <= 10") then only the odd numbers from 9 to 1 would be printed.

Answer 43

D- It's an executable file named "CoverPhoto.js" in folder "Books" An executable file contains program code, and can make changes to the computer system. Executable file extensions include "exe", "bat", "cmd", and "js". The slash symbol (/) is reserved for listing folders or directories in all operating systems, and the back-slash symbol (\) is also used for this on some systems. Image file extensions include "jpg" and "jpeg", but not "js" which stands for JavaScript code, a script file that runs within an interpreter. File names cannot contain the reserved symbol "/", so the entire name is not the file name. "Books" is the folder, and "CoverPhoto.js" is the file. Document file formats are used by word processing software, with extensions such as "txt", "rtf", "doc", and "docx".

Answer 44

C- In a structured way Relational databases store information in a structured way, regardless of how that data gets into the database. This structure provides easy access to the information, along with flexibility over which data to access. Unstructured data is information that does not have a pre-defined data model or is not organized in a pre-defined manner. Unstructured data provides no rigid formatting of the data, but when a relational database imports unstructured data, it becomes structured data within the database. Semi-structured databases lack the structure of formal database architecture, but they have metadata: associated information helps identify the raw unstructured data. A key/value pair database is a means of storing the properties of objects without predetermining the fields used to define an object.

Answer 45

B- The number of rows With the WHERE clause, an SQL command (such as SELECT, UPDATE, or DELETE) extracts only those records, or rows, that fulfill a condition. The WHERE clause does not affect the number of columns. SELECT and UPDATE commands list the columns which the SQL statement processes, for the rows that fulfill the condition in the WHERE clause. Fields are the same as columns, and the WHERE clause does not affect them. The WHERE clause can include tables in the condition. For example, if the SQL statement involves more than one table, then the WHERE clause contains the logic to connect them. But the result set is only the records, or rows, that fulfill the condition in the WHERE clause.

Answer 46

A- Ext4 File systems have a number of reserved characters which cannot be used in a file name. Ext4 (4th extended file system), used by Linux distributions, only reserves the slash (/), which means that all other characters are acceptable in a file name. No system allows the slash character in their file names, as it's used to indicate folders or subdirectories. HFS+ (extended Hierarchical File System), used by Apple Mac computers, does not allow colons (:) in addition to the slash. NTFS (New Technology File System) has 9 reserved characters, including the colon. FAT32 (File Allocation Table, 32-bit version) has 16 reserved characters, including the colon.

Answer 47

C- Programming errors Memory leaks refer to Windows memory loss, caused by a program or an app. This occurs when an application does not release memory when it's done with it, eventually causing a system slowdown. If the software that is outdated and no longer supported has proper memory management in the code, then it would not cause more leaks than current but badly written programs. Damaged memory chips cause problems, but memory leaks refer specifically to memory losses due to software programs incorrectly managing memory allocation. Upgrading the operating system can be a cause of memory leaks, with an increase in memory usage by the new drivers. Operating system upgrades are done less frequently than everyday use of programs that cause leaks.

Answer 48

D- Scripting languages are for configuring an operating system. Scripted languages are general purpose interpreted programming languages such as JavaScript or Perl. Scripting languages support the automation and configuration of a particular operating system, i.e., the Windows Command Prompt, Windows PowerShell, or Linux Bash. Both scripted and scripting languages are interpreted languages, which means that the program does not need to compile prior to running. Scripted and scripting languages run within the context of an interpreter, a computer program that directly executes instructions written in an interpreted programming language. Scripted and scripting languages can run on platforms for which there is an interpreter, with each scripting language geared toward a particular operating system.

Answer 49

A- Table Most database management systems provide stored procedures that invoke the BACKUP and RESTORE commands at a database or table level. The BACKUP command does not work at the field level. If some fields need to have a backup without the entire table, the administrator can make another version of the table with just those fields, and use the BACKUP command on the new table. The BACKUP command does not work at the record level. If some records need to have a backup without the entire table, the administrator can make another version of the table with just those records, and use the BACKUP command on the new table. Applications are collections of programming code, and not part of a database.

Answer 50

C- Application software Application software consists of programs that allow users to perform different tasks, such as web browsing, checking email, and word processing. Operating system provides interfaces between the hardware, application programs, and the user. It handles many of the basic system functions, such as interaction with the system hardware and input/output. Web browsing is not a basic system function, but a complex application program. A command-line interface, also referred to as a "shell", is a way for the user to interact with the computer. Modern operating systems have a graphical shell in addition to the command line shell. System utilities are used to support the computer infrastructure, such as cleaning the registry or checking for memory failures.

Answer 51

D- Workstation OS Windows XP is an older version of Microsoft Windows, which is the dominant commercial workstation OS. A workstation OS can normally be uninstalled and replaced with a different kind of OS (such as Linux). Windows XP is not one of "Windows for mobile" OS versions. Also, a smartphone or tablet can only run the OS it was designed for, as it is not typically possible to replace a mobile device OS with a different type (too many challenges, such as installation, operation, and app support). Windows XP is not one of Windows Server OS editions. An embedded system is a computer or appliance designed for a very specific function. The embedded OS acts as firmware and cannot be replaced.