Overview Flashcards
What is the Catholic view on war and peace?
Catholics prefer peace but accept that war may be necessary under strict conditions (Just War theory). Peace is the ultimate goal, reflecting the kingdom of God.
What is the Just War theory in Catholic teaching?
Developed by St Augustine and Aquinas. Conditions include just cause, legitimate authority, right intention, last resort, probability of success, and proportionality.
How does Catholicism view pacifism?
The Church supports conscientious objection and recognizes pacifism as a valid response to conflict (e.g. Jesus’ teaching “Blessed are the peacemakers” – Matthew 5:9), but also allows self-defense.
What is the Catholic response to terrorism?
Strongly condemned as it targets innocent life. It violates the principle of the sanctity of life and is contrary to natural and divine law.
How do Catholics view reconciliation after conflict?
Reconciliation is a key theme – the Church supports post-conflict healing, truth commissions, and justice. Forgiveness is central, inspired by Jesus’ own forgiveness on the cross (Luke 23:34).
What is the Catholic view of marriage?
Marriage is a sacrament, a lifelong union between a man and woman for mutual support and procreation. It reflects the love between Christ and the Church.
Why does the Catholic Church oppose same-sex marriage?
The Church teaches that marriage is for male and female union and open to procreation. While same-sex attraction is not sinful, homosexual acts are considered contrary to natural law.
What is the Catholic teaching on sexual relationships?
Sex is a gift from God and should only take place within marriage. Premarital sex, adultery, and contraception are generally considered sinful.
What does the Catholic Church teach about family life?
The family is the “domestic church” – the first place where children learn faith. Parents have a duty to educate children in moral and spiritual values.
What is the Catholic view on divorce and annulment?
Divorce is not recognized sacramentally. However, annulment can be granted if the marriage was invalid from the start (e.g. lack of consent or intention).
What do Jews believe about the nature of God?
God is One (monotheism), omnipotent, eternal, and creator of all. This is declared in the Shema: “The Lord is our God, the Lord is One” (Deuteronomy 6:4).
What is the significance of the covenant with Abraham?
God promised Abraham many descendants and the land of Canaan. In return, Abraham and his descendants would follow God’s laws. Circumcision is the sign of this covenant.
What role does Moses play in Jewish belief?
Moses led the Exodus from Egypt and received the Torah on Mount Sinai, including the 613 mitzvot (commandments), making him the greatest prophet in Judaism.
What is the Jewish belief about the Messiah?
The Messiah will be a future leader from the line of David who will bring world peace, rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem, and gather all Jews to Israel.
How important is the Torah in Jewish belief?
It is the most sacred text, given by God to Moses. It guides Jewish life, worship, and ethics. Orthodox Jews view it as divinely dictated; Reform Jews may see it as inspired.
How do Catholic teachings influence responses to victims of war?
Catholics believe in helping victims through prayer, charity (e.g., CAFOD), and humanitarian aid. This reflects Jesus’ teaching to love your neighbour (Luke 10:25–37, the Good Samaritan).
What is the Catholic view on nuclear weapons and weapons of mass destruction?
Generally opposed due to the disproportionate and indiscriminate harm they cause. The Catechism (2314) says: “Every act of war directed to the indiscriminate destruction of whole cities… is a crime against God and man.”
What does the Catholic Church teach about justice and peace?
Justice is essential for peace (Pope Paul VI: “If you want peace, work for justice”). The Church promotes social justice and peace-building through Catholic Social Teaching.
Why is procreation important in Catholic marriage?
Marriage is ordered toward the creation of life. Children are considered a gift from God. Contraception is discouraged (Humanae Vitae, 1968) as it separates sex from procreation.
What support does the Catholic Church offer for families?
Through parish communities, marriage preparation, parenting courses, and support groups. The Church also defends the family in political and social issues.
How are women viewed in Catholic family life?
Men and women have equal dignity but may have different roles in the family. The Church opposes sexism and encourages active roles for women in the Church and society.
What is the importance of the mitzvot in Judaism?
The 613 mitzvot (commandments) guide Jewish ethical and religious life. Observing them is a way to maintain the covenant with God. Some are moral (e.g. do not steal), others ritual (e.g. keeping kosher).
How do Orthodox and Reform Jews differ in beliefs?
Orthodox Jews believe the Torah is the literal word of God and must be followed exactly. Reform Jews see it as divinely inspired but adaptable to modern life.
What is Shekhinah in Judaism?
Shekhinah refers to God’s divine presence. It is felt especially during worship, study of Torah, or acts of justice. It is associated with both transcendence and immanence.
