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A & P > Overview A & P > Flashcards

Overview A & P Flashcards

1
Q

study of the larger structures of the body, those visible without the aid of magnification

A

Gross Anatomy (or Macroscopic Anatomy)

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2
Q

the study of the interrelationships of all of the structures in a specific body region, such as the abdomen. Studying this helps us appreciate the interrelationships of body structures, such as how muscles, nerves, blood vessels, and other structures work together to serve a particular body region.

A

Regional Anatomy

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3
Q

the study of the structures that make up a discrete body system—that is, a group of structures that work together to perform a unique body function

A

Systemic Anatomy

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4
Q

the state of steady internal conditions maintained by living things

A

Homeostasis

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5
Q

(Reproductive Organs) produces oocytes and hormones on female

A

ovaries

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6
Q

(female organs) Deliver oocyte or embryo to uterus; normal site of fertilization

A

Uterine Tubes

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7
Q

Site of embryonic development and exchange between maternal and fetal bloodstreams; sheds lining during menstruation

A

uterus

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8
Q

Site of sperm deposition; acts as a birth canal; provides passage way for fluids during menstruation

A

Vagina

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9
Q

contains erectile tissue; provides pleasurable sensation during sexual activity

A

clitoris

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10
Q

contains glands that lubricate entrance to the vagina

A

labia

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11
Q

Produce sperm and hormones (male organ)

A

Testes

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12
Q

(Organ System) Protects against environmental hazards; helps control body temperature

A

Integumentary System ( skin, hair, nails, glands, and sensory nerves.)

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13
Q

(Organ System) Provides support; protects tissues, stores minerals, forms blood cells

A

Skeletal System (consists of bones and connective tissue, including cartilage, tendons, and ligaments)

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14
Q

(Organ System) Produces movement, provides support and generates heat. consisting of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle. It permits movement of the body, maintains posture, and circulates blood throughout the body

A

Muscular System

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15
Q

Directs immediate responses to stimuli, usually by coordinating activities of other organ systems. (coordinates its actions and sensory information by transmitting signals to and from different parts of its body)

A

Nervous system

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16
Q

Directs long term changes in other organ systems. It uses hormones to control and coordinate your body’s metabolism, energy level, reproduction, growth and development, and response to injury, stress, and mood

A

The endocrine system

17
Q

Transports cells and dissolved materials in the bloodstream including nutrients, wastes, and gases. consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. Its primary function is to transport nutrients and oxygen-rich blood to all parts of the body and to carry deoxygenated blood back to the lungs

A

Cardiovascular System

18
Q

Defends against infection and disease; returns tissue fluid to the bloodstream. (an organ system in vertebrates that is part of the immune system, and complementary to the circulatory system)

A

Lymphatic System

19
Q

Delivers air to sites where gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide) occurs between the air and circulating blood; produces sound

A

Respiratory System

20
Q

Characteristics of living organisms

A

organization, metabolism, responsiveness, growth, adaptability, reproduction

21
Q

Levels of Organization (smallest to largest)

A

chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

22
Q

the hollow muscular organ forming an air passage to the lungs and holding the vocal cords in humans and other mammals; the voice box

A

larynx (top of trachea)

23
Q

Components and functions of integumentary system:

A

cutaneous membrane, hair follicles, sweat glands, nails and sensory receptors; function to protect against environmental hazards and helps control body temperature

24
Q

Positive Feedback Loop

A

physiological change leads to even greater change in same direction; no set point to homeostasis; example would be changes during birth or blood clotting

25
Q

epiphysis

A

an expanded area found at each end of the bone

26
Q

metaphysis

A

narrow zone that connects the epiphysis to the shaft of the bone

27
Q

trabecular

A

The epiphysis consists largely of spongey bone also called ______
Spongey bone consists of an open network or struts and plates that resembles latticework with a thin covering of compact bone

28
Q

The medullary cavity (innermost part or marrow cavity)

A

IT is filled with two types of bone marrow. Red bone marrow is highly vascular and involved in the production of blood cells. Yellow bone marrow is adipose tissue as an important energy reserve

29
Q

osteogenic cells

A

Bone contains small number of mesenchymal cells called _____ or osteoprogenitor. These stem cells divide to produce daughter cells that differentiate into osteoblasts

30
Q

Within the abdominal cavity is the peritoneal cavity lined by serous membrane called

A

peritoneum

31
Q

mediastinum

A

Contains connective tissue and the pericardial cavity containing the heart

32
Q

Before calcium salts are deposited, this “pre-bone” organic matrix is called

A

osteoid

33
Q

_____ are the functional units of kidneys

A

nephrons

34
Q

The heartbeat is coordinated by electrical events within the heart muscle. These electrical events can be detected by monitoring electrodes placed on the body surface. A record of these events is called:

A

an electrocardiogram or ECG

35
Q

_____ is the process in which undigested food and waste of the metabolism are eliminated. Waste is eliminated to regulate composition of body tissues and fluid, eliminate toxic substances and regulate body temp.

A

Excretion

36
Q

The internal movement and distribution of oxygen, cellular waste and products of digestion

A

circulation

37
Q

skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage

A

axial skeleton

38
Q

What is appendicular skeleton?

A

limbs and girdles

39
Q

Refers to all the essential chemical processes that take place in living cells and organisms. Includes both anabolic processes (building up) and catabolic (breaking down)

A

Metabolism

A & P (6 decks)

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