Overview - anatomy of the upper limb Flashcards
What are the compartment of the arm ?
Anterior and posterior
What are the compartments of the forearm ?
Anterior, posterior and lateral
What is the blood supply, drainage and innervation of the anterior compartment of the arm ?
- Arterial - brachial
- Venous - brachial
- Innervation - Musculocutaneous
What is the blood supply, drainage and innervation of the posterior compartment of the arm ?
- Arterial - profunda brachii
- Venous - brachial
- Innervation - radial
What is the blood supply, drainage and innervation of the anterior compartment of the forearm ?
- Arterial - ulnar
- Venous - veniae comitantes
- Innervation - median
What is the blood supply, drainage and innervation of the posterior compartment of the forearm?
- Arterial - interosseus
- Venous - veniae comitatnes
- Innervation - radial
What is the blood supply and innervation of the hand ?
- Arterial - deep and superficial palmar arches
- Innervation - ulnar, median
Describe the overview of the arterial supply pathway of the upper limb
Goes from subclavian ===> axillary ===> brachial ===> radial and ulnar
Radial ===> deep palmar arch
Ulnar ===> superifical palmar arch
Describe the overview of the venous drainage of the upper limb
- Lateral - cephalic ===> to join your axillary
- Medial - basilic ===> to join you axillary
- Veniae comitantes ===> axillary
there is a cross over between the cephalic and basilic known as the median cubtial vein
Axillary ===> subclavian
Look at the pic of the unlabelled synovial joint and label it describing each aspects function
- Two or more bones articulating with each other
- Articular surfaces are covered in hyaline ‘articular’ cartilage
- A capsule wraps around the joint
- Superficial strong fibrous layer
- Deeper synovial membrane layer (secretes synovial fluid)
- Contains a joint cavity
* Contains synovial fluid (cushions, nourishes and lubricates) - Supported by ligaments
- Fibrous bands from bone to bone
- Strengthens and improves stability
- Associated with skeletal muscles and their tendons
- Fibrous bands from muscle to bone
- Insert onto bones lying at either side of the joint
- Associated with bursae
- Prevent friction around joint
- Extensions of joint cavity or closed sacs separate from the joint cavity
- Often have special features
* Unique features found in different synovial joints e.g. articular disc in TMJ joint
What lines the synovial capsule ?
Synovial membrane
What does synovial membrane do ?
Secretes synovial fluid
What are the 3 main factors which contribute to joint stability ?
- Shape, Size and Arrangement of Articular Surfaces
- Ligaments
- Surrounding muscle
What are the 3 main types of joints?
Fibrous, cartilaginous and synovial
Gives examples of fibrous joints
Syndesmoses:
- Unites bones with fibrous sheet
- Fibrous membrane
- e.g. interosseous membranes
- Partially movable
Sutures:
- Between bones of skull
- e.g. coronal suture
- Highly stable
