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Oral Micro And Embryology > Overview Of General Histology > Flashcards

Overview Of General Histology Flashcards

1
Q

Greek word that mean tissue

A

Histo

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2
Q

3 components of a tissue

A

Cells, intercellular substance, tissue fluid

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3
Q

Example of hard tissue

A

Jaw and teeth

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4
Q

Example of soft tissue

A

Oral mucosa and salivary gland

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5
Q

Example of a sturdy tissue

A

Skin

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6
Q

Example of a delicate tissue

A

Lining of organs

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7
Q

Tissues with secretory function

A

Salivary gland

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8
Q

Tissues with excretory function

A

Blood

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9
Q

2 components of cell

A

Nucleus and Cytoplasm

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10
Q

Powerhouse of the cell

A

Mitochondria

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11
Q

Organelle that generates atp

A

Mitochondria

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12
Q

Meaning of ATP

A

Adenosine triphosphate

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13
Q

What are ribosomes

A

Organelles that transmits genetic code to protiens

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14
Q

Difference of rough endoplasmic reticulum and soft endoplasmic reticulum

A

RER-with ribosome attachments for protien synthesis

SER- without ribosomes, lipid synthesis

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15
Q

Packaging plant of the cell

A

Golgi apparatus

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16
Q

Organelles that secrete digestive enzymes

A

Lysosomes

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17
Q

What are microtubules

A

Organelles of the cell that digest worn out organelles

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18
Q

Organelles that are important for mitosis

A

Centrioles

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19
Q

Give 5 examples of cellular inclusions

A
  1. Secretory Granules
  2. Pigments
  3. Lipid droplets
  4. Glycogen
  5. Crystalline particles
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20
Q

It is a component of a tissue that provides nutrients for the cell and digs up waste products

A

Intercellular substance

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21
Q

2 components of intercellular substance

A

Formed elements

Ground substance

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22
Q

3 examples of ground substance

A

Water
Hormones
CHON-CHO complexes

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23
Q

2 examples of carbohydrates-protein complexes

A

Glycoproteins

Proteoglycans

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24
Q

T or F

Tenascin is involved in attachment and migration of cell

A

False. Fibronection is the one invloved

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25
Q

It allows cell to move freely by dropping the binding capacity of syndecan

A

Tenascin

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26
Q

2 examples of Glycoproteins

A

Fibronectin

Tenascin

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27
Q

4 examples of Proteoglycan

A

Decorin
Versican
Perlecan
Syndecan

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28
Q

It regulates growth of diameter of collagen

A

Decorin

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29
Q

What is decorin

A

A proteoglycan that regulates the growth of diameter of Collagen

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30
Q

Example of formed elements

A

Fiber

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31
Q

It is a proteoglycan that serves as a resistance for cartilage against compressive forces

A

Versican

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32
Q

What is versican

A

A proteoglycan for collagen that is used in resisting compressive forces

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33
Q

A proteoglycan thatbinds to several matrix glycoproteins

A

Perlecan

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34
Q

Definition of perlecan

A

A proteoglycan that binds to several matrix glycoproteins

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35
Q

A glycoprotein that blocks the sydecan’s binding ability

A

Tenascin

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36
Q

A proteoglycan that gives cells ability to bind

A

Syndecan

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37
Q

5 classifications of basic tissues in the body

A

Epithelial
Nerve
Connective
Muscle

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38
Q

Kind of basic tissue that is composed of closely packed sheath of cells

A

Epithelial tissue

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39
Q

Kind of basic tissue that covers the external surface and interior body cavities of the body

A

Epithelial tissue

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40
Q

Kind of basic tissue that has numerous cells but small amount of intercellular substance

A

Epithelial tissue

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41
Q

What is the origin of Epithelial tissue

A

Ectoderm

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42
Q

2 basis of classification of Epithelial tissue

A

Based on function

Based on cell type

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43
Q

2 classifications of Epithelial tissue based on function

A

Lining Epithelium for lines

Glandular Epithelium for secretory product

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44
Q

2 classifications of Epithelium based on cell type

A

Simple

Stratified

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45
Q

How many layers does a Simple cell type have?

A

1

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46
Q

How many layers does a Stratified Epithelium have?

A

2 or more

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47
Q 
Epithelial tissue summary:
How many cells?
Amount of intercellular substance?
Origin?
Classifications?
Subclassifications?
A

Numerous cells.
Small amount of ics.
Origin:ectoderm
Classifications: by function and cell type
Function: lining Epithelium and glandular epithelium
Cell type:simple and stratified

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48
Q

Cells composing the nerve tissue?

A

Neurons

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49
Q

It is the building blocks of the nervous system

A

Neurons

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50
Q

Main portion of the neuron

A

Soma or cell body

51
Q

2 supporting tissues of neurons

A

Myelin sheath

Meninges

52
Q

It wraps around the axon forming layers

A

Myelin sheath

53
Q

It envelopes the brain and spinal cord for protection of the Central Nervous tissue

A

Meninges

54
Q

2 kinds of neuron extensions

A

Dendrites

Axon

55
Q

An extension of the neuron that RECEIVES chemical messages

A

Dendrites

56
Q

An extension of the neuron that TRANSMITS chemical messages to other neurons

A

Axon

57
Q

T or F

Dendrites are extensions that transmit messages to other neurons

A

False
Axons transmit.
Dendrites receive.

58
Q

Central nervous system composed of

A

Brain and Spinal Cord

59
Q

It processes all the signals

A

Brain

60
Q

Conducts signals to and from the brain

A

Spinal Cord

61
Q

2 kinds of neurons of the Peripheral Nervous System

A

Motor neurons

Sensory neurons

62
Q

Picks up sensory information from the organs to the central nervous system

A

Sensory neurons

63
Q

Neurons that come out from the brain to the skeletal system

A

Motor neurons

64
Q

Under motor neurons there are 2 systems pa

A

Somatic nervous sytem - VOLUNTARY responses

Autonomic nervous system - INVOLUNTARY responses

65
Q

2 divisions under autonomic nervous system

A

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

66
Q

“Fight or flight”

Prepares your body for emergency situations

A

Sympathetic division of Autonomic nervous system

67
Q

“Rest or digest”

Division under Autonomic nervous system that is Responsible for maintaining body activities when the body is at rest.

A

Parasympathetic Division

68
Q 
Nerve tissue summary
 Cell?
Origin?
Supporting tissues?
Extensions?
A

Cell: neurons
Origin: ectoderm
Supporting tissues: myelin sheath and meninges
Extensions: dendrites and axon

69
Q

2 supporting tissues of neurons

A

Myelin sheath

Meninges

70
Q

It wraps around the axon forming layers

A

Myelin sheath

71
Q

It envelopes the brain and spinal cord for protection of the Central Nervous tissue

A

Meninges

72
Q

2 kinds of neuron extensions

A

Dendrites

Axon

73
Q

An extension of the neuron that RECEIVES chemical messages

A

Dendrites

74
Q

An extension of the neuron that TRANSMITS chemical messages to other neurons

A

Axon

75
Q

T or F

Dendrites are extensions that transmit messages to other neurons

A

False
Axons transmit.
Dendrites receive.

76
Q

Central nervous system composed of

A

Brain and Spinal Cord

77
Q

It processes all the signals

A

Brain

78
Q

Conducts signals to and from the brain

A

Spinal Cord

79
Q

2 kinds of neurons of the Peripheral Nervous System

A

Motor neurons

Sensory neurons

80
Q

Picks up sensory information from the organs to the central nervous system

A

Sensory neurons

81
Q

Neurons that come out from the brain to the skeletal system

A

Motor neurons

82
Q

Under motor neurons there are 2 systems pa

A

Somatic nervous sytem - VOLUNTARY responses

Autonomic nervous system - INVOLUNTARY responses

83
Q

2 divisions under autonomic nervous system

A

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

84
Q

“Fight or flight”

Prepares your body for emergency situations

A

Sympathetic division of Autonomic nervous system

85
Q

“Rest or digest”

Division under Autonomic nervous system that is Responsible for maintaining body activities when the body is at rest.

A

Parasympathetic Division

86
Q 
Nerve tissue summary
 Cell?
Origin?
Supporting tissues?
Extensions?
A

Cell: neurons
Origin: ectoderm
Supporting tissues: myelin sheath and meninges
Extensions: dendrites and axon

87
Q

What do you call the cells of Muscle tissue?

A

Myofiber

88
Q

Cells of
Nerve tissue?
Muscle tissue?

A

Neuron

Myofiber

89
Q

Origin of muscle tissue?

A

Mesoderm

90
Q

Origin of
Muscle tissue?
Nerve tissue?
Epithelial tissue?

A

Mesoderm
Ectoderm
Ectoderm

91
Q

Three types of muscle tissue

A

Smooth
Skeletal
Cardiac

92
Q

Type of muscle tissue that is spindle shaped, involuntary, non-striated, mononucleated.

A

Smooth muscle tissue

93
Q

Type of muscle tissue that is involuntary, striated, Mononucleated

A

Cardiac Muscle tissue

94
Q

Type of muscle tissue that is voluntary, striated, MANY nucleus with long fibers.

A

Skeletal muscle

95
Q

Which of the three muscle tissues is voluntary?

A

Skeletal muscle

96
Q

Which of the three muscle tissue is non striated

A

Smooth muscle tissue

97
Q

Which of the three muscle tissue is multi many nucleated?

A

Skeletal muscle tissue

98
Q

Type of tissue that has fewer cells but a huge amount/abundant intercellular substance?

A

Connective tissue

99
Q

Origin of connective tissue

A

Mesoderm

100
Q

Numerous cells, small amount of intercellular cells

A

Epithelial tissue

101
Q

Fewer cells, abundant intercellular substance?

A

Connective tissue

102
Q

2 Types of Connective tissue

A

Connective tissue proper

Specialized connective tissue

103
Q

2 types of connective tissue PROPER

A

Loose ct

Dense ct

104
Q

Type of connective tissue proper that supports structures

A

Loose connective tissue

105
Q

3 types of loose connective tissue

A

Areolar
Adipose
Reticular

106
Q

Loose connective tissue that attaches skin to underlying tissues

A

areolar loose ct

107
Q

Type of loose connective tissue that insulates and stores energy. Located in breasts.

A

Adipose ct

108
Q

Loose connective tissue that Contains reticular fibers, located in lymphoid organs

A

Reticular ct

109
Q

Type of connective tissue proper that reinforces and binds structures

A

Dense connective tissue

110
Q

3 types of Dense Connective tissue

A

Dense regular
Dense irregular
Elastic

111
Q

Components of connective tissue proper

A

Cells and fibers

112
Q

Kinds of cells composing connective tissue proper

A

Fibroblast, Mesenchymal cells, Macrophages

FMM

113
Q

Fibers of connective tissue proper

A

Collagen, Elastin, Oxytalan

CEO

114
Q

5 types of specialized connective tissue

A 
Cartilage
Bone
Dentin
Blood
Lymph
115
Q

Types of cartilage

A

Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrocartilage

116
Q

Cells in cartilage

A

Chondrocytes

117
Q

Cells in bone

A

Osteocytes

118
Q

2 types of bone

A

Compact

Cancellous

119
Q

Odonblasts are the cells of what type of specialized connective tissue?

A

Dentin

120
Q

Cells of Blood and Lymph?

A

RBC and WBC

121
Q

Level of organization

A 
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
Organism
122
Q

6 ways of studying tissues

A 
Light microscopy
Electron microscopy
Biochemistry 
Histologic markers
Microradiographic methods
Experimental methods
123
Q

Light microscopy

A

Ground section
Decalcified section
Frozen section

124
Q

Electron microscopy

A

Transition electron microscopy

Scanning electron microscopy

Oral Micro And Embryology (4 decks)

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