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Neuro 1 > Overview of the Brain > Flashcards

Overview of the Brain Flashcards

(67 cards)

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1
Q

What are the ridges of the brain called?

A

Gyri

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2
Q

What are the depressions in the brain called?

A

Sulci

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3
Q

What separates the twohemispheres?

A

The medial longitudional fissure

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4
Q

What connects the two hemispheres together?

A

The corpus callosum

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5
Q

What are the parts of the corpus callosum?

A

The rostrum, genu, body and splenium

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6
Q

What lobe mostly lies in the anterior cranial fossa?

A

The frontal lobe

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7
Q

What lobe lies mostly in the middle rcanial fossa?

A

The temporal and parietal lobes

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8
Q

What lobe lies mostly in the posterior cranial fosssa?

A

The occipital lobe

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9
Q

What structure does the occipital lobe lie on?

A

The tentorium cerebelli

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10
Q

Where is the insular lobe located?

A

Deep in the lateral fussure

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11
Q

What is the limbic lobe and what does it contain?

A

It is a functional lobe and it contains the Cingulate gyrus, parahippocampla gyrus, olfactory bulb and tract and other areas of cortex.

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12
Q

What areas does the limbic lobe deal with?

A

Emotions and intellect

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13
Q

Where is the precentral gyrus?

A

Anterior to the central sulcus

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14
Q

Where is the Broca’s speech area?

A

In the inferior frontal gyrus of the left hemisphere.

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15
Q

Where is the primary motor area?

A

IN the precentral gyrus

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16
Q

Where are other motor areas (besides the primary motor area)?

A

rostral to the precentral gyrus

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17
Q

What is the prefrontal cortex responsible for?

A

Personality, judgement

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18
Q

Where is the primary sensory cortex?

A

The postcentral gyrus

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19
Q

What divides the parietal lobe into inferior and superior lobes?

A

The intraparietal sulcus

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20
Q

Where is the sensory association cortes?

A

posterior parietal lobe (integration and perception)

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21
Q

Where is the hippocampus?

A

Deeo in the parahippocampal gyrus of the Temporal lobe

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22
Q

Where is the uncus?

A

The medial tip of the parahippocampal gyrus

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23
Q

Where is the amygdala?

A

Deep to the the uncus

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24
Q

Where is the primary aruditory ortex?

A

superior temporal gyrus

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25
Where is language comprehension located?
Wernicke's area in the superior temporal gyrus
26
Where are emotional and visceral responses happening?
In the aygdala
27
Where does learning and memory take place?
Hippocampus
28
What seperates the occipital lobe?
The calcarine fissure
29
Where is the primary visual cortex?
on either side of the calcarine fissure
30
Where is the visual association cortex?
Rest of occipital lobe (besides primary visual cortex)
31
What does the diencephalon contain?
The hypothalamus, thalamus, subthalamus and epithalamus
32
What seperates the diencephelon from the midbrain?
A line drawn from the mamillary bodies
33
Where is the optic chiasm in relation to the diencephalon?
Anterior to diencephalon
34
How and where does the pituitary gland attach?
Pituitary gland connects to the hypothalamus vis the infundibular stalk
35
What is the function of the thalamus?
Integration and relay center for sensory, motor and limbic systems
36
What is the function of the hypothalamus?
Control of ANS and endocrine systems via connection with the limbic system
37
What is the function of the subthalamus?
Motor function related to basal ganglia
38
What is the midline of the cerebellum?
The vermis
39
What are the different lobes of the cerebelum?
Anterior lobe, posterior lobe,flocculonodular lobe (contains the flocculus and the nodules
40
What is the arrangement of the flocculonodular lobe?
The flocculi are bilateral and the nodules are the midline
41
What seperates anterior and posterior cerebellum?
The primary fissure
42
What seperates the posterior lobe of the cerebellum from the flocculonodular lobe?
The posteriolateral fissure
43
What are the cerebellar peduncles? Where do they attach?
Connect the cerebellum to the brain stem. Superior peduncle-->midbrain Middle Peduncle-->Pons Inferior peduncle-->Medulla
44
Where does the midbrain lie?
Lies at the junction of middle and posterior cranial fossa
45
What two cranial nerves come out of the midbrain?
CN III, CN IV
46
What structures are on the dorsal surface of the midbrain? What are they known collectively as?
Superior and inferior colliculi. The corpera quadrigemina
47
What is the expanded portion of the pons called? Which side is it located on?
The basilar pons. Located anteriorly
48
The dorsal surface of the pons makes up what structure?
The floor of the 4th ventricle
49
What cranial nerves exit from the pontomedullary junction?
CN VI, VII, VIII
50
Where does the medulla run from?
From the pons to the foramen magnum?
51
What structure are located on either side of the midline of the medulla?
The pyramids, two long columns containing corticospinal axons
52
What structures are located lateral to the pyramids on the medulla?
The olives
53
What CN's are located posterior to the olive?
CN IX, X, XI are all located in the postolivary sulcus
54
What CN's are located anterior to the olive?
CN XII is located in the preolivary sulcus
55
Where does CN I exit the skull?
Through the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone
56
What bones are part of the anterior cranial fossa?
Frontal bone, Ethmoid bone, and the sphenoid bone (up to the lesser wings)
57
What bones make up the middle cranial fossa?
Sphenoid bone (from the lesser wings), temporal bone, parietal bone
58
What two parts make up the temppral bone?
Squamous and petrous portion
59
Where does CN II exit?
The optic canal of the sphenoid bone
60
Which CN's exit the superior orbital fissure?
CN III, IV, VI, V1
61
What CN nerve exits the foramen rotundum?
CN V2
62
What cranial nerve exits foramen ovale?
CN V3
63
What structure exits foramen spinosum?
The middle meningeal artery
64
What bones make up the posterior cranial fossa?
Part of the sphneoid bone, petrous portion of temporal bone, occipital bone, parietal bone
65
What CN's come out of the internal acoustic meatus?
CN VII and VIII
66
What CN's exit the jugular foramen?
CN's IX, X, and XI
67
What CN's exit the hypoglossal canal?
CN XII

Neuro 1 (11 decks)

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