Overview of the Lower Limb COPY

Question 1

What two muscle groups make up the gluteal region?

Answer 1

Superficial muscle group

Deep muscle group

Question 2

What muscles are contained within the superficial gluteal group?

Answer 2

Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor fascia latae

Question 3

What are the functions of the superficial gluteal group?

Answer 3

Extensor of thigh
Abductor of thigh
Medial rotator of thigh

Question 4

What nerves innervate the muscles within the superficial gluteal group?

Answer 4

Inferior gluteal nerve - innervates gluteus maximum

Superior gluteal nerve - everything else

Question 5

What muscles are contained within the deep gluteal group?

Answer 5

Piriformis
Obturator internus
Gemelli
Quadratus femoris

Question 6

What are the functions of the deep gluteal group?

Answer 6

Laterally rotate thigh

Hip stabiliser

Question 7

What nerves innervate the deep gluteal group?

Answer 7

Nerves from sacral plexus

Question 8

Nerves enter and exit the pelvis and perineum through what?

Answer 8

Greater and lesser sciatic foramen

Question 9

In which quadrant of the gluteal region should an injection be given?

Answer 9

Superior lateral

Question 10

The sciatic nerve is comprised of which branches?

Answer 10

Tibial nerve

Common fibular nerve

Question 11

Where does the sciatic nerve normally separate?

Answer 11

Distal third of posterior thigh

Question 12

Which branch of the sciatic nerve is more lateral and smaller?

Answer 12

Common fibular nerve

Question 13

What is contained within the femoral triangle?

Answer 13

Femoral nerve
Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Lymphatics

Question 14

The femoral sheath envelopes what?

Answer 14

Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Lymphatics

Question 15

What is done to relieve compartment syndrome in an emergency?

Answer 15

Fasciotomy

Question 16

What compartments are found in the thigh?

Answer 16

Anterior
Medial
Posterior

Question 17

What compartments are found in the leg?

Answer 17

Anterior
Posterior
Lateral

Question 18

What muscles are found in the anterior thigh?

Answer 18

Pectineus
Iliopsoas
Sartorius
Quadriceps femoris

Question 19

What movements does the anterior thigh muscles enable?

Answer 19

Thigh flexion

Leg extension

Question 20

What nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 20

Femoral nerve

Question 21

What is the only muscle part in the anterior compartment of the thigh not supplied by the femoral nerve?

Answer 21

Psoas major part of iliopsoas

Question 22

What muscles are found in the medial compartment of the thigh?

Answer 22

Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Gracilis
Obturator externus

Question 23

Which nerve supplies all but one part of the medial compartment of the thigh?

Answer 23

Obturator nerve

Question 24

What movement is enabled by the medial thigh?

Answer 24

Thigh adduction

Question 25

What muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh extend the thigh and flex the leg?

Answer 25

Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Biceps femoris

Question 26

The posterior compartment of the thigh is supplied by what nerve?

Answer 26

Tibial nerve

Question 27

The anterior compartment of the leg is responsible for what movements?

Answer 27

Dorsiflex ankle | Extend toes

Question 28

What muscles are found in the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 28

Tibalis anterior Extensor digitorum longus Extensor hallucis longus Fibularis tertius

Question 29

What nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 29

Deep fibular nerve

Question 30

The lateral compartment of the leg is responsible for which movements?

Answer 30

Evert foot | Weakly plantarflex ankle

Question 31

What muscles are found in the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 31

Fibularis longus | Fibularis brevis

Question 32

What nerve supplies the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 32

Superficial fibular nerve

Question 33

Which muscles are contained within the superficial group of the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 33

Gastrocnemius Soleus Plantaris

Question 34

The superficial group of muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg do what?

Answer 34

Plantarflex ankle

Question 35

What muscles are contained within the deep group of the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 35

Popliteus Flexor hallucis longus Flexor digitorum longus Tibialis posterior

Question 36

The deep group of muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg do what?

Answer 36

Flex toes | Plantarflex ankle

Question 37

What nerve supplies the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 37

Tibial nerve

Question 38

What is the most commonly fractured area of the femur?

Answer 38

Neck of the femur

Question 39

What are the ligaments of the hip joint?

Answer 39

Iliofemoral Pubofemoral Ischiofemoral

Question 40

The knee joint consists of 3 articulations. Name them.

Answer 40

2 x femerotibial | 1 x femeropatellar

Question 41

What is contained within the popliteal fossa?

Answer 41

Terminal small saphenous vein Popliteal vessels Tibial nerve Common fibular nerve

Question 42

The tendons of which muscles make up the Achilles tendon?

Answer 42

Tendons of gastrocnemius and soleus

Question 43

Where does the Achilles tendon attach?

Answer 43

Calcaneal tuberosity