Overview of the US Health Care System

Question 1

A typical ambulance ride costs about how many dollars?

Answer 1

$1,000

Question 2

How many hospitals are there in the US, employing how many millions of workers?

Answer 2

6,090 hospitals with 6.6 million workers

Question 2

Can a patient bypass an ER to get directly admitted to the hospital? If so, what is an example?

Answer 2

Yes, such as after a planned surgery

Question 2

In the ecology model of 1,000 people, 800 people experience symptoms. However, how many people actually consider seeking medical care?

Answer 2

327 people

Question 3

The ER, ED, or EU is required to evaluate all patients despite the ability to pay. This makes it very popular for many reasons. Is this considered inpatient or outpatient?

Answer 3

Outpatient

Question 4

County/local, prison, state, and federal are the four types of which hospital?

Answer 4

Public hospitals

Question 4

Since 1964, most states have CON (Certificate of Need) laws that meant anything hospital-related had to get regulated by state regulators. However, due to what pandemic, most are now gone?

Answer 4

COVID

Question 5

Not-for-profit, for-profit, and physician-owned hospitals are examples of what type of hospital?

Answer 5

Private (or community) hospitals

Question 6

The Department of Defense for Active Military, the Indian Health Service for Native Americans, and Veterans Health Administration are three types of what public hospital?

Answer 6

Federal hospital

Question 7

Academic medical centers (over 1,000), children’s, and religious hospitals are an example of what type of private hospital?

Answer 7

Not-for-profit

Question 8

Which type of public hospital is typically a long-term facility for psychiatric patients?

Answer 8

State hospitals

Question 9

Which type of hospital is not operated by the government?

Answer 9

Private hospitals

Question 10

What percentage of hospitals work as part of a system and not in isolation?

Answer 10

Nearly 70% of hospitals

Question 11

A general hospital’s most common condition they care for is what?

Answer 11

Labor and delivery

Question 12

Hospitals are often major employers in their areas because they employ administration, therapeutic, diagnostic, informational, and support. True or False?

Answer 12

True

Question 13

True or False: Medicare is the largest insurer in the United States?

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Skilled nursing facilities, long-term acute care hospitals, and inpatient rehabilitation services are all what type of care?

Answer 14

Post-acute care

Question 15

Skilled Nursing Facilities – 15,090 of them
Long-Term Acute Care – 348
Inpatient Rehab Facilities – 1,180
True or false?

Answer 15

True

Question 16

In the past decade, post-acute care has had Medicare spend how many billion a year?

Answer 16

62 billion

Question 16

In order to be considered inpatient, you must be admitted for how long?

Answer 16

Two midnights

Question 17

When you are an outpatient, you are treated but don’t stay where?

Answer 17

At a medical facility

Question 18

Private practice, hospital-or-network-facilitated practice, community health centers/federally qualified health centers, urgent care centers, ambulatory surgery center, dialysis centers, nonphysician services, pharmacies, home-based health care, and telemedicine/telehealth are what type of health service?

Answer 18

Types of clinics

Question 19

A hospital- or network-affiliated practice is similar to a private practice but it is purchased by who?

Answer 19

A hospital or health care network

Question 19

Which type of clinic is government-funded?

Answer 19

Community health center/federally qualified health centers

Question 20

Nearly all of which type of clinics are owned by physicians?

Answer 20

Ambulatory surgical centers

Question 21

How many million adults receive home care services?

Answer 21

4.5 million

Question 22

In-home care isn't typically paid for by Medicare but what instead?

Answer 22

Medicaid

Question 23

There are how many federal agencies, which is also the number of state agencies that are not independent and instead part of a bigger agency?

Answer 23

21 agencies

Question 24

What is it called when you focus on the high cost, high-needs patients and bring medical care to them instead of having them come to a medical care facility?

Answer 24

Hotspotting

Question 24

How many local (county) health departments are there?

Answer 24

2,459 local health departments

Question 25

Medicaid, the ER, addressing social determinants of health, and the public health system are examples of what for health care?

Answer 25

The safety net

Question 26

Access, rural-urban divide, nurse staffing, and primary care problems are all what type issue with health care?

Answer 26

Care delivery

Question 27

Scheduling a timely appointment, physically getting there, and finding a physician who takes your insurance are three examples of what type of care delivery issue?

Answer 27

Access

Question 28

Do people in rural or urban areas have more issues with getting health care and having health issues?

Answer 28

Rural

Question 29

To help the critical access hospitals stay open in the rural areas, what extra funding helps them?

Answer 29

Medicare and Medicaid

Question 30

PCP means what?

Answer 30

Primary care provider

Question 31

The United States spends about what percentage of GDP on health care, meaning about $13,500 per person?

Answer 31

18%

Question 32

Health care is the fastest growing industry in the US and spends over twice the average of other wealthy countries per capita on healthcare with how much money?

Answer 32

$12,555

Question 33

The US is ranked 46th in the world for health and has a lower life expectancy than other industrialized countries with a current 76.1 years, which is the lowest it has been in 20 years. The US health care system also ranks in what place of the eleven high-income countries?

Answer 33

11th of 11

Question 34

The infant mortality rate in the United States is what percentage?

Answer 34

5.69%

Question 35

Match the Geert Hoffstede Cultural Dimensions for the US and their numbers: 1). Power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, and long-term orientation 2). 26, 40, 91, 46, and 62

Question 36

Which social justice theory believes that you should make the decision to help the most people out and is based on utility?

Answer 36

Utilitarianism

Question 37

Which social justice theory says to enact policies to focus on those that are the worst off?

Answer 37

Rawls Theory of Justice

Question 38

Which social justice theory said that you always have to do what you believe is right at all times?

Answer 38

Immanuel Kant's categorical imperative

Question 39

Which hospital was the one to develop insurance?

Answer 39

Baylor Hospital

Question 40

Who are the four main players in health care?

Answer 40

Patients, payers, vendors, and providers

Question 41

Can you be a patient of health care without being a payer?

Answer 41

Yes

Question 41

Which type of integration is when you add more businesses to help more patients, which can lead to a monopoly?

Answer 41

Horizontal integration

Question 42

What type of integration is when you buy all things related to a business to own and integrate its own supply chain

Answer 42

Vertical integration

Question 43

Administration costs in the United States are high with what range of percentages? This percentage equates to around 800 billion or about $2,500 per person.

Answer 43

25-35%

Question 44

Which health care worker represents the largest portion of healthcare workers? This group's shortage has improved but is still a concern.

Answer 44

Nurses

Question 45

By 2034, there is supposed to a shortfall of 38,000 to what number of physicians?

Answer 45

124,000

Question 46

Readmission rates for Medicare patients is around which percentage, which is bad for hospitals as the ACA penalizes for "excessive readmission"?

Answer 46

Around 20%

Question 47

Of the 3,129 generalized hospitals in the US in 2019, what percentage received a penalty for excessive readmission?

Answer 47

83%

Question 48

Medicare compensates about 80% of costs while Medicaid does what number?

Answer 48

Approximately 83%

Question 49

Americans have about 220 billion in debt with 6% of adults having over $1,000 in medical debt while 1% has over $10,000. What do these two percentages mean in numbers?

Answer 49

14 million people and 3 million people

Question 50

The NYC Health and Hospitals of Bellvue $1,065,702,393 of what type of care?

Answer 50

Total uncompensated care