Overview of Windows Operating System Flashcards by Alex Reyes

What is a system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides common services for computer programs?

Operating system

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MS DOS

Microsoft disk operating system

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Windows OS version release date

1981

MS DOS

Microsoft Disk Operating System

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Windows OS version release date

August 1995

Windows 95

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Windows OS version release date

May 15, 1998

Windows 98

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Windows OS version release date

February 17, 2000

Windows 2000

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Windows OS version release date

October 2001

Windows XP

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Windows OS version release date

November 2006

Windows Vista

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Windows OS version release date

October, 2009

Windows 7

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Windows OS version release date

August 1, 2012

Windows 8

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Windows OS version release date

July 29, 2015

Windows 10

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Windows OS

Mostly used in personal computers, business desktops, and laptops

Windows 2000

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Windows OS

Designed for home use

Windows 2000

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Windows OS

Windows file protection introduced

Windows 2000

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Windows OS

System file checker facility

Windows 2000

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Windows OS

Along with a redesigned look and feel to the user interface, the new operating system was built on the Windows 2000 kernel, giving the user a more stable and reliable environment than previous versions of Windows.

Windows XP

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Windows OS

Came in two versions: home and professional

Windows XP

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Windows OS

The ____ user interface featured an updated two-column Start menu, task-grouping support on the taskbar and the ability to lock the taskbar, among other enhancements - all presented in a new default Luna visual style.

Windows XP

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Windows OS

Offered an advancement in reliability, security, ease of deployment, performance and manageability over Windows XP.

Windows Vista

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Windows OS

New in this version were capabilities to detecr hardware problems before they occured, security features to protect against the latest generation of threats, a faster start-up time, and low power consumption when placed in the new sleep state.

Windows Vista

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Windows OS

In many cases, this Windows OS version as noticeably more responsive than Windows XP on identical hardware.

Windows Vista

Windows OS

This Windows OS version simplified and centralized desktop configuration management, which reduced the cost of keeping systems updated.

Windows Vista

Windows OS

Successor to Windows Vista

Windows 7

Windows OS

This was released in conjunction with Windows Server 2008 R2, its counterpart

Windows 7

# Windows OS Enhancements and new features in this version included multi-touch support, Internet Explorer 8, improved performance, faster start-up time, Aero Snap, Aero Shake, support for virtual hard disks, a new and improved Windows Media Center, and improved security.

Windows 7

# Windows OS It was a completely redesigned OS that's been developed from the ground up with touchscreen use in mind as well as near-instant-on capabilities that enable a Windows 8 PC to load and start up in a matter of seconds rather than in minutes.

Windows 8

# Windows OS When was the "technical preview" and "consumer preview" of this OS? | Beta release

Fall 2014 and Early 2015

# Windows OS This version featured Microsoft Edge, Microsoft's new browser. Any qualified device (such as tablets, PCs, smartphones and Xbox consoles) was able to upgrade to this version, including those with pirated copies of Windows

Windows 10

This is basically the process of starting the computer.

Booting

When the CPU is first switched on it has nothing inside the memory. What to do to start the computer?

In order to start the Computer 1. load the Operating System into the Main Memory 2. and then the computer is ready to take commands from the User.

This happens when you start the computer. This happens when we **turn on** the power or the computer restarts.

Booting

# Define acronym BIOS

Basic Input/Output System

What make the peripheral devices active?

BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)

It requires that the boot device loads the operating system into the main memory

BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)

Also called a **hard boot**. It is the process when we first start the computer. In other words, when the computer is started from its initial state by pressing the power button it is called this type of boot. The instructions are read from the ROM (read-only memory) and the operating system is loaded in the main memory.

Cold boot

Also called as **soft boot**. It refers to when we restart the computer. Here, the computer does not start from the initial state. When the system gets stuck sometimes it is required to restart it while it is ON. Therefore, in this condition this tye of boot takes place. Restart button or CTRL+ALT+DELETE keys are used.

Warm boot

Booting can be done either ____ or by ___.

Booting can be done either **through hardware (pressing the start button)** or by **giving software commandss**.

This is a device that boots that loads the operating system. Moreover, it contains the instructions and files which start the computer.

Boot device

Give examples of a boot device

- hard drive (most frequently used) - floppy disk drive - CD drive

This defines the parameters, options, settings and preferences applied to operating systems, infrastructure devices and applications in an IT context.

configuration file (config file)

Config file information _does_ _what?_ , for example, where ____ from an applicaation are stored via storage path, which ____ are allowed in a given program, and even the color scheme and dashboard ____ preferences in a _____.

Config file information **specifies**, for example, where **log files** from an application are stored via the storage path, which **plug-ins** are allowed in a given program, and even the color scheme and dashboard **widget** preferences in a **user interface (UI)**

What are the file name extensions used to describe configuration files in Linux environments?

- .cnf - .conf - .cfg - .cf - .ini

Early command line operating systems such as MS-DOS relied on a single plain-text config file with a ____ extension.

Early commmand line operatings systems sucb as MS-DOS relied on a single plain-text config filw with **.sys** extensions, e.g., config.sys.

Common modern conifguration filename extensions depend on the prevailing file format or use ____.

.config

# basic command line in MS-DOS make directory

mkdir

# basic command line in MS-DOS remove directory

# basic command line in MS-DOS move directory

move

# basic comman line in MS-DOS change directory

# basic command line in MS-DOS a recursive directory listing command or program that produces a depth-indented listing of files

tree

# basic command line in MS-DOS clear screen

cls

# basic command linne in MS-DOS dot (.) indicating a current directory, or a dot-dot (..) indicating parent directory

cd..