Oxygen Therapy Flashcards
Stertor
Loud snorting / snoring sound
* obstruction of pharynx or larynx
* see with brachycephalics
Stridor
High-pitched inspiratory wheeze
* obstruction of pharynx or larynx
* see with laryngeal paralysis
Hemoptysis
Coughing up blood
Pleural Effusion
Accumulation of fluid in chest
Pulmonary Edema
Accumulation of fluid inside lung tissue
Dyspnea
Difficulty breathing
* increased effort
* dog may look like panting
* cats open mouth breathing
Orthopnea
Inability to breath unless in upright position
* dogs = stand with elbows out, neck extended
* cats = sternal recumbency
Hypoxia
Decrease of oxygen in tissues
* measured with SPO2
Hypoxemia
Decreased oxygen in blood
* measured with PaO2
Hypoxia Causes
- Reduced blood flow
- Hypoventilation
- Decreased oxygen-carrying capacity
- Ventilation-Perfusion Mismatch
Ventilation-Perfusion Mismatch
In lungs, we need blood AND oxygen
* occurs when we have one without the other
* EX: pulmonary embolism, pneumonia
Hypoxia Clinical Signs
- Difficulty breathing
- Cyanotic
- Increased HR
- Cold extremities
Oxygen Delivery
- Never give 100% longer than 12-24 hrs (O2 toxicity / pulmonary edema)
- Mix with room air (20% oxygen)
- Acquired concentration between 30-40%
- Humidifier to avoid drying respiratory tract
Oxygen Delivery
Flow-by / Mask / Hood
- Increase oxygen via nose
- Can be stressful
- Animal breaths on own
- Easy to delivery
- Access to animal
- Need exit port
Oxygen Delivery
Oxygen Cage
- Able to control oxygen percent, humidity, temp
- Can be in long-term
- Not stressful
- No good access to patient
- Size restrictions
