Oxygen therapy

Question 1

What does O2 therapy aid with?

Answer 1

Increasing alveolar O2 concentration

Question 2

What’s the definition of hypoxemia?

Answer 2

Abnormally low oxygenation of arterial blood

Question 3

What causes hypoxemia?

Answer 3

Hypoventilation
Diffusion abnormalities
Low
- FiO2 (eg: high altitudes)
- PaO2
Hb deficiencies
Elevated lactate levels

Question 4

True/Fale: O2 is medically prescribed

Answer 4

True

Question 5

What should physios document with regards to O2 therapy

Answer 5

Device
Flow rate
O2% observed during Rx

Question 6

What are the complications of Or therapy?

Answer 6

Fire/explosion hazard
Pt dependency
Atelectasis in mechanically ventilated pts
Child blindness
Impaired respiratory drive
O2 toxicity > stiff lung syndrome

Question 7

At what flow rate do variable devices deliver O2?

Answer 7

Low flow rates (2-15L/min)

Question 8

What are the FiO2 values when converted into flow rates?

Answer 8

Room air: 21% O2
1L/min = 24%
2L/min = 28%
3L/min = 32%
4L/min = 36%
5L/min = 40%

Question 9

At what flow rate is humidification required?

Answer 9

4L/min

Question 10

What are the 3 types of P2 delivery systems?

Answer 10

Variable performance devices
Fixed performance devices
Enclosure systems

Question 11

True/false: fixed performance devices deliver low flow rates of O2

Answer 11

False. Delivers high flow rates of O2 aimed to equal/exceed pts peak inspiratory flow

Question 12

Provide an example of a fixed performance device

Answer 12

Venturi mask

Question 13

What are enclosure systems?

Answer 13

Used for O2 delivery to infants and children
Egs: incubators, oxygen hoods/tanks

Question 14

What does domiciliary O2 therapy entail?

Answer 14

Long-term O2 therapy (LTOT) - 18+ hrs/day
Nocturnal O2 therapy - prescribed to pts with lung diseases who desaturated to <88% for ⅓ of the night
Ambulatory O2 - pt on LTOT hat need O2 to walk around

Question 15

What are oxygen concentrators?

Answer 15

Electrical devices that use molecular sieves to separate O2 from Nitrogen in room air

Question 16

What are the contras for home O2 use? (Who wont be given home O2 therapy)

Answer 16

Pts:
- with severe CP diseases who complain for SOB but are able to maintain PaO2 >60mmHg
- who continue to smoke (fire hazard & offsets Rx benefits)
- who havent gotten adequate Rx for underlying causes of SOB
- who are not motivated to be disciplined with following their O2 prescription

Question 17

How much humidity does room at at 22° have?

Answer 17

50% humidity

Question 18

Why do pts receiving O2 therapy require humidification?

Answer 18

O2 dries out the mucociliary escalators, thus impairing secretion clearance

Question 19

What are the primary indications for humidification therapy?

Answer 19

Pts on dry medical gases
If pt has humidity deficit if URT is bypassed

Question 20

What are the secondary indications for humidification therapy?

Answer 20

Mx for hypothermia (warms air)
Rx for bronchospasms caused by cold air

Question 21

What are the indications for humidification therapy during physio

Answer 21

Thick tenacious secretions
Non-optimal use of URT
Poor cough effort limiting expectoration of secretions
O2 therapy > dehydrates mucous membranes

Question 22

What are the hazards fo humidification?

Answer 22

Increases work of breathing- adds resistance
Cold mist/water causes bronchospasms in pts with hyperreactive airways
Water reservoirs can become infected

Question 23

Name 4 types of humidifiers

Answer 23

Systemic hydration- drinking water
Cold water bath humidifiers
Heated water bath humidifiers
Heat and moisture exchanges (HMEs) aka swedish nose