Oxygenation Flashcards
(50 cards)
Signs and symptoms of poor oxygenation?
- RESTLESSNESS/ Confusion
- Low BP
- Cool Limbs
- Pale or blue color
- Slow Capillary
Ischemia
Bad blood flow
Lungs have large _________
Surface Area
What factors can influence lung disease?
- Environment
- Occupational
- Personal
- Social Habits
Types of Pulmonary Disease?
-Acute (Bronchitis) or Chronic (Asthma)
- Obstructive (COPD) or Restrictive (Pulmonary Fibrosis/Sarcoidosis)
- Infectious (Pneumonia) or Noninfectious (Asthma/COPD/Pulm. Fibrosis)
Symptoms of Respiratory. Alterations?
- Cough
- Dyspnea
- Chest Pain
- Abnormal Sputum
- Hemoptysis
- Altered breath patterns
- Cyanosis
- Fever
Orthopnea, and what’s one thing that can cause it?
Dyspnea while laying down, can be caused by COPD
What does clubbing insinuate?
Heart or lung disease that reduces O2 in blood
Difference between Hypoxia and Hypoxemia?
- Hypoxemia = Low O2 in blood
- Hypoxia = Low O2 in tissues/organs (Tough to measure)
2 Pnuemonics to remember hypoxia symptoms RAT and BED
Early RAT
- Restlessness
- Anxiety
- Tachycardic/pneic
Late to BED
- Bradycardia
- Extreme Restlessness
- Dyspnea
Where is O2 exchange taken place at?
Alveoli sacs in the lungs
What can Hypoventilation cause and what is it called?
What can Hyperventilation cause and what can it cause?
- Too much CO2, called Hypercapnea
- Too low CO2, called Hypocapnea
Atelectasis and how to prevent?
Collapsed air sacs
Prevention:
- Early Ambulation
- Turn Cough Deep Breath
- Incentive Spiometry
What color do you want to see in an X-ray of the lungs?
- Black, it shows that there is air
How often should you listen to lung sounds?
Roughly every 4 hours
Aspiration and how to prevent?
Passage of food into the lungs, can lead to aspiration pneumonia
Prevention
- Assess pt’s swallowing ability
- Keep head of bed elevated with tubes
- Lung assessments
What is included in a complete respiratory assessment?
- Rate
- Use of Accessory muscles
- Cyanosis
- SpO2
- Clubbing
- Dyspnea
- Adventitious breath sounds (Crackles, Wheezes, rhonchi, stridor, rubs)
Diagnostic tests for respirations?
- X ray
- Arterial Blood Gasses (Draw Blood)
- Sputum Culture and sensitivity
- CT
- MRI
- Bronchoscopy
- Thoracentesis
What can we try to do before putting someone on O2?
- Promote lung expansion
- Change positions
- Sit up
- Daily activities
- Cough
- IS device
Post Op.
- IS
- TCDB (Turn, Cough, Deep, Breath)
- Splinting
What does a thoracentesis allow?
Gets a sample of fluid in lungs and allows testing directly
What is a SABA and its prefix?
- Short Acting Beta Agonist
- -erol
What is Albuterol commonly used as? What are its common reactions?
- Bronchodilator in an inhaler to use as needed or just before needed
- Nervousness, tachycardia, headache, throat irritation
What is the main use of corticosteroid?
Reduce inflammation
What is Symbicort commonly used for? Common Symptoms?
- LABA inhaler
- Used twice a day to precent asthma attacks
- Rinse and spit out after inhaling
Common Symptoms:
- Tachycardia
- Nervous
- Palpitations
- Oral Candaidiasis
