p 1-5 Flashcards
(336 cards)
1
Q
1844?
A
james k polk elected and westward expansion
2
Q
1877?
A
end of reconstruction
3
Q
mormons
A
religous group, went west for religous refuage, joseph smith NY dies, Brigham young
4
Q
manifest destiny
A
belief that god wants us to expand and become a coast to coast nation. God given right
5
Q
mexican american war 1846-48
A
1846-48, over boundary dispute, rio grande. USA takes a lot of land afterwards for west
6
Q
mexican cession 1848
A
1848, land we get after war, most of sputhwest, treaty of guadalupe hidalgo
7
Q
nativism
A
favoring “native” born americans over immigrants
8
Q
Know nothings
A
secret nativist organization, anti catholic and anti immigrant, forms “American Party”
9
Q
kansas nebraska act 1854
A
1854, popular sovenighnty in kansas and nebraska, goes wrong people kill eachother in streets bleeding kansas
10
Q
lecompton constitution 1857
A
1857 pro slavery constitution for kansas gets turned down kansas free state
11
Q
dred scott v sandford 1857
A
1857, supreme court case, slaves are property and are not US citizen so they can be taken anywhere and still be a slave, undoes all compromises. Roger Tancy
12
Q
republican party 1854
A
1854 northern and western party no slavery in territories forms after whig party splits, after kansas nebraska, whig supports it other half doesnt.
13
Q
lincoln douglas debates 1858
A
1858, stephen douglas and lincoln running for sentae seat for illlinois, douglas for pop, soveignty, abraham says no slavery in territories.
14
Q
Abraham Lincoln
A
illinois republican no slavery in terriotries, south is left alone, election prompts southern states to secede 7, then 4
15
Q
fort sumter 1861-1865
A
1861 (1865 civil war ends) south carolina tries to cecede sees fort as their own attacks usa first, we lose, lincoln calls for volunteeers
16
Q
13 amendement 1865
A
1865 abolishes slavery in all states and territories
17
Q
14th amendment 1868
A
1868 makes all former slaves citizens, everyone equal protection under the law
18
Q
15th amendment 1870
A
1870 gives all male citizens at least 21 the right to vote
19
Q
radical republicans
A
punish south after civil war, president vs congress on who decideds reconstrucyion
20
Q
compromise of 1877
A
official end of reconstruction, comes out of election of 1876, Samuel tilden vs ruferford B Hayes. Hayes gets southern votes by taking union troops out of south, no protection. Many things bar african americans to vote
21
Q
sharecropping (tenant farming)
A
farmer not owning land, gets a small percent of proceeds is in debt to owner. Former slaves stayed on plantation, huge part of economy, poor whites and african americans
22
Q
susan b anthony
A
abolitionist leader in womens suffrage
23
Q
victoria woodhull
A
leader in womens suffrage movement 1st women to run for president
24
Q
freedmans bureau 1865-1872
A
1865(end of civil war)-1872 fed agency established after civil war transition african americans into society
25
Hiram Revels
minister from missipipi 1st african american to run in senate
26
Blanche K. Bruce
1st non white represenative in senate to serve full tern
27
robert smalls
convinces lincoln to enlist african americans in war
28
carpetbagger
northerners who moved to the south to get ahead of buisness/economic/political opportunities
29
scalawag
describes white southeners who went along with the republican party
30
kkk
violent groups that used violence and intimidation to deny african americans their ageny and rights, grant gets rid of them
31
redeemers
white southern democrats who want to get other white democrats into power
32
black codes
laws that restricted african americans rights
33
civil rights acts of 1875
response to civil rights violations all mens equality are above the law
34
charles sumner
radical republican, was almost beaten to death in the senate
35
thaddeus stevens
radical republican
36
king cotton
confederates using to show that the south is finacially independent and europe needs them, so they should back the war.
37
antietam 1862
1862 made lincoln issue emancipation proclamation, union won
38
vicksburg 1863
1863 led to confederate surrender, forced into defensive lines
39
gettysburg 1863
1863 turning point in civil war ended southern aspirration to become a confederacy
40
march to the sea 1864
1864 tactic using scorched earth tearing the land apart and ruining anything used to help the south, crops, railroads etc
41
appomattox court house 1865
1865 where the confederacy surrenders officially
42
emancipatioon proclamation 1863
1863 lincoln excutive order that slaves currently rebelling are free, us army going across slavery liberates them
43
gettysburg address 1863
1863 dedicate national cemetary to fallen soliders and newly define the war
44
crittenden compromise 1860
1860 right afterlincons election last effort, brings back mmissouri compromise, failure
45
southern secession
alabama, florida, georgia, louisiana, misisiipi, texas, 7 secede right after
46
wilmot proviso 1846
1846 mexican american war starts, proposition any land we get after war no slavery is allowed
47
compromise of 1850
california free state, NM and Utah have popular soverignty, strict slave fugitive law, ban slave trade in DC
48
popular sovereignty
let citizens vote for whether they want slavery or not, very bad idea
49
fugitive slave law 1850
1850 law if slave escpaes north they can be recaptured
50
harpers ferry 1859
1859 john brown breaks into federal arsenal to steal weapons and give it to slaves to rebel, he gets captured and executed
51
free soil party
dont want slavery in new territories, gets absorbed into republican party
52
uncle toms cabin 1852
1852 book that showed people the truth of slavery in the south
53
peculiar institution
used in south antebellum to refer to slavery
54
slave codes
laws in south that established status of slaves
55
gadsden purchase 1853
1853 strip of land in NM and arizona to build southern transcontinental railroad
56
mariano vallejo
helped transition california to statehood
57
sand creek massacre 1864
1864 kissings of cheyenne and arapaho people by us army
58
commodore matthew perry
forced japan to trade with usa
59
california gold rush 1849
1849 made people rush to california to get gold
60
homestead act 1862
1862 government encouraging people to go out west, get number of acres for free have to farm for 5 years
61
pacific railway act 1862
1862 aided construction of railroad
62
promontory point utah 1869
1869 where the transcontonental railway point ended
63
annexation of texas 1845
1845 gains independence from mexico
64
oregon treaty 1846
1846 canada usa line border
65
1861
begining of civil war
66
1865
end of civil war
67
1800
first peaceful transfer of power and Thomas Jefferson elected federalists lose to democratic republicans
68
1848
Seneca falls convention and end of mexican american war
69
federalists
alexander hamilton, strong federal government pankers/people with money supported them
70
democratic republicans
thomas jefferson and james madison
weak federal government but strong states
supported by common man
71
hartford conventtion 1814
war od 1812 federalists have meeting, anti war threaten to cecede, backfires and party dies out
72
era of good feelings 1816-1824
only 1 political party, won against great britain overall lots of nationalism. President James Monroe
73
democrats
andrew jackson 1829 small federal government supported by common man
74
whig party
just to oppose andrew jackson morphs into republican party
75
andrew jackson
democrat leader 7th president 1st common man president
76
henry clay
leader of whig party proposes american system (eco self sufficiant) "Great compromiser" stopped civil war a lot
77
marbury v madison 1803
gives court judicial review looks at law passed by president and congress to see if its constitutional and can strike it down
78
judicial review
power to review laws to see if they constitutional
79
market economy
capitalism unregulated by government with laissez faire adam smith invisible hand
80
1815 american system
1815 henry clay plan to make us economically self sufficent causes tensions between north and south, high protective tariff, recharter us bank 2nd bank now
81
seneca falls convention 1848
declaration of sentiments all ways women are not equal and what women want
82
american colonization society 1817
wnats to end slavery gradualy, help slave owners free slaves and send them to africa
83
louisuiana purchase 1803
purchase from france, jefferson president, doubles size of government full control of Mississippi river violates political opinion to purchase land, dem-repub favored strict interpretation of constitutional
84
monroe doctrine 1823
james monroe, europe must stay out of western hemisphere no military to back up, very laughable
85
Missouri compromise 1820
1820 henry clay makes missouri slave state, then maine a free state. any state above 36 degrees 30' line is free and below is slave state.
86
south carolina nullification crisis 1832-1833
fed government sets high tariff, south carolina refuses to do it, Jackson sends military and threatens action if no gives in
87
Daniel webster
cant nullify fed law
88
John C calhoun
Political leader south carolina pro nullification likes slavery
89
john marshall
lawyer and founding father 4th chief justice very influencial
90
albert gallatin
secretary under jefferson, limited government reduce debt by cutting spending
91
embargo act 1807
jefferson trying to get britain and france to respect our neutral trading rights. shuts down all international trade
92
panic 1819 and 1837
economic depressions, 2nd bank tightens credits jefferson mad shuts down bank very bad. north likes tariffs south does not
93
2nd bank of usa
henry clay recharter of hamiltons, andrew jackson hates it and destroys the bank.
94
lowell system
labor production system operaated by women/girls
95
samuel slater
industrialist "father of american revolution" designed the 1st textile mill in us
96
cyrus McCormick
founded McCormick harvesting machine company invented mechanical reaper
97
1837 john deere
founded Deere company invented 1st commercially successful steelplow 1837
98
baldwin locomotive works
american manufactuer of railway locomotives largest producer of steam locomotives
99
national trades union 1834
1st organization of american wage earners on national scale
100
cotton belt
region in south where cotton was the cash crop, developed the textile industry
101
mason-dixon line
line seperating pennsylvania and maryland, and delaware and virginia. border dispute boundary of northern and southern states.
102
2nd great awakening
protestant religous revival late 18th and early 19th century, founding universities
103
charles finney
controversial presbyterian minister and leader of 2nd great awakening promoted social reforms, abolition education for women
104
horace mann
education reformer, aboltionist and whig politician
105
neoclassism
art movement to evoke style of classical antiquity
106
1825-1875 hudson river school
1825-1875 american art movement influenced by romanticism
107
1820 1830 transcendentalism
philosophical, spiritual, literary movement 1820 1830 in new england, inherent goodneess of people and nature
108
ralph waldo emerson
american philospher abolitionist led transcendentalism
109
henry david thoreau
leading transcendentalist book reflection on simple living in natural surroundings
110
john james audubon
known for documenting birds french american
111
cult of domesticity
white upper class women true women preaching piety purity domesticity and submissiveness center of family
112
elizabeth cady stanton
activist and leader of womens rights authour declaration of sentiments
113
james forten
african american advocates for racial integration and equal rights
114
american anti slavery society
abolitionist society formed by William Lloyd Garrison, leader Fredrick Douglas
115
william lloyd garrison
radical abolitionist white from massachusetts "the liberator" newspaper
116
sojourner truth
female equivalanet of frederick douglas, abolitionist and feminist
117
liberty party 1840
1st antislavery party gets adopted into republican party
118
elijah lovejoy
abolitionist leader from illinois, killed by mob
119
richard allen
creates first african american denomination is US
120
david walker
abolitionist leader african americanpassed anti slavery messages
121
frederick douglas
former slave that escaped spoke out against slavery
122
erie canal 1817-1825
albany to buffalo largest artifical waterway
123
turnpikes
buisness corporations that maintained roads to collect fees from travelers
124
national road 1811
first highway built with federal funds in maryland promoted westward expansion
125
baltimore and ohio railroad 1828
1st common corrier railroad and oldest railroad in US
126
adams onis treaty 1819
signed with spanish that gives us florida
127
webster ashburton treaty 1842
1842 established US canada border
128
tecumesh
established indian confederacy deafted at battle of tippecanoe william henry harrison
129
indian removal act 1830
1830 fed law removes all native american tribes living east of mississipi river and moves them west of river. ANDREW JACKSON LOVES THIS LAW
130
1832 worcester v georgia
1832 individual states dont have power to enforce laws on lands not under state jurisdiction
131
1838-1850 trail of tears
1838-1850 forced march of cherokee people into "indian territory"
132
1754
start of french and indian war
133
1800
thomas jefferson elected president
134
french and indian war/seven years war
between britain and france france allied with natives, whos going to control north america, spills over into Europe
135
1763 british defeat of france 7 years
1763 treaty of paris ends wars, britain in debt so they tax colonies
136
1763 pontiacs rebellian
1763 conflict between britain and native americans
137
proclamation line of 1763
colonist not allowed to go west/follows appalachian mountain range, colonists mad
138
1764 paxton boys
1764 marched philly intent on murdering british guys
139
1764 sugar act
1764 tax on sugar , paying for war debt, mad about no representation to make on taxing
140
1765 stamp act
1765 tax on paper and documents, lots of protests
141
sons of liberty
secret organization to push back against stamp act samuel addams organized
142
1766 declaratory act
1766 passed after stamp act was repealed soul and exclusive right to tax colonies
143
1767 townshend acts
1767 tax goods that americans imported from great britain gets repealed 3 years later, colonists boycotted and harrased british, british sent troops to occupy boston.
144
1767 letters from a pennsylvania farmer
1767 taxation w/o representaion is violating rights as englishmen john dickinson
145
1770 boston massacre
1770 200 colonists taunting 7 british soliders, throwing stuff, soliders shoot into crowd and kill and injure people, propaganda
146
1773 boston tea party
1773 british withdrew soliders from boston but placed tax on tea, props up british indian tea company, sons of liberty dress as natives and throw tea into ocean
147
1774 1st continental congress
1774 pilly pensylvannia, every colony sent delegates ecxept georgis, securing rights as englishmen
148
1775 battle of lexington and concord
1775 british general Thomas gage led forces from lexington to concord to capture colonial leaders, paul reverse spread word to be ready. ammericans shooting at british soliders stopped the british start of war
149
1775 2nd continental congress
1775 in philly all colonies send delegates, goal raise an army and prepare colonies for war
150
ben franklin
writer scientest inventor dipolmat negotaited treaty to end revolution leader during independence "treat of Alliance" w/France
151
john locke
ideas influence declaration of independence, believe government based on the will of the people. right to life, liberty, property (pursuit of happiness)
152
the enlightenment age of reason
18th century, logic and reasoning "why" locke
153
republican form of government
system where free people govern themselves through elected representatives
democracy where "YOU" have a direct say in everything
154
1776 common sense
thomas paine 1776 pamphlet to get people to join independence
155
1776
declaration of independence jul 4 (2) drafted by 2nd continential congress wrote by thomas jefferson, and also john addams and franklin
156
adam smith
market system invisible hand economy based on competition
157
george washington
1st president commander of continntial congress founding father
158
1777 battle of saratoga
1777 turning point in war lifted morale and helped secure foreign support
159
1778 treaty of alliance
1778 military alliance with france formallized french recognition of US independence
160
1781 battle of yorktown
1781 british surrender and birth of the USA!!!!!!!! last majot battle cornwall surrenders to washington
161
treaty of paris 1783
king george 3 and representaives of USA offically end war, 13 colonies re recognized and free and independent states. Ben franklin, john adams, john jay
162
mercy otis warren
american activist attacked royal authority with poems and plays pioneer in womens rights
163
abigail adams
wife and advisor to john adams (2nd presendint) advocates for womens education and rights
164
articles of confederation
very weak 1st constitution government had limited powers
no army, charge taxes (only states) print currency (only states) states to dont have to listen to congress rulings as mediator. to amend unanimous consent of all states
165
government branches
1. legislature/congress
2. executive/president
3. judicial/courts
166
1786-1787 shays rebellion
1786-1787 farmers in debt because of taxes revolts against government, elites get scared because they ned a new government to keep the poor in line
167
constitutional convention 1787
philly every state sends delegates james madison comes up w/ broad architecture of constitution
168
great compromise
madison comes up w/ it
congress w/ 2 houses 1 house representatives (based on pop.) and senate. every state gets 2 senators
169
anti-federalists
against constitution, gave federal government too much power, didnt have any rights explicitly said
170
1787-1788 federalist papers
1787-1788 85 essays written by alexander hamilton (and john jay and james madison) goal to get anti-federalists on board and the people
171
ratification of constitution and creation of new government 1788-1789
takes effect 1789 republican form and federalism
172
george washington (again)
1st president serves two terms and voluntarily steps down
173
juducuary act of 1789
established supreme court and other federal courts john jay as chief justice
174
1791 bill of rights
1791 10 amendements, pleases anti federalists
175
john adams (again?)
founding father became ambassador to britain, 1st vice president and 2nd president
176
hamilton finacial plan
1st secretary of treasurery set up finances and get economy going, has fed government take all o the states debts and establishes the bank of the united states
177
1st bank of USa
privatly owned bank, 1st commercial bank, based in philly on a 20 year charter
178
whiskey rebellion
protest by farmers in pennsylvania, federal tax of whiskey, washington calls militia to shut it down
179
1798 alien and sedition acts
1798 2 laws passed by congress and president addams, prevented immigranst from partaking in politics. illegal to critizize federalist party or speak ill of government violates 1st amendment
180
virginia and kentucky resolutions
1798 by thomas jefferson and james madison say the alien and sedition acts were unconstitutional, solution states should be able to ignore or nullify law, supreme court gets power to nullify laws
181
1793 proclamation of neutrality
1793, washington proclaims beutrality w/o saying we are neutral angers france since we are allies w/france. not shipping weapons to them
182
1795 pinckeys treaty
1795 defined border between usa and spanish france, guaranteed us navigation rights on Mississippi river
183
1795 jays treaty
1795 between us and britaion resolved issues and had 10 peaceful years of trade, took place during french revolution, angered france and divided americans (federalists and democratic republicans)
184
1797 xyz affar
1797 failed negotiantions with france undeclared war at sea
185
1796 washingtons farewell address
1796 wrote it at end of his 2nd term, warn americans against political parties, remain neutral, and celebrate achievements
186
federalist party
alexander hamilton 1st political power of usa, conservative and nationalist, national bank beliefs were a strong central government, opposed war/france
187
democratic republican party
thomas jefferson and james madison beliefs were liberatiom, republicanism, individual liberty, equal rights, decentralization free markets, free trade.
hostile to britain and sympathized w/ france opposed federalist beliefs
188
thomas jefferson
governer of virginia, represenative at house of burgesses, prominent in politics, US minister ot france secretary of state for washington and vice president to john adams
189
james madison
elected in virginia legislature, reprsented virginia in continetial congress helped draft the constitun and bill of rights
190
alexander hamilton
supported independence aide to washington, served delegate from new york, bank of new york, and 1st secretary of the treasury
191
1780 pennsylavia gradual emancipation law
1780 pennsylania bans slavery any child born after 1780 would be considered free, most states in north pass similar laws
192
iroquois confederation
native tribes across upper new york 6/5
193
1794 battle of fallen timbers and treaty of greenville
1794 final battle of indians usa won, 1795 treaty between usa and tribes of northwest, redefined boundary
194
northwest ordiances
only law passed under articles of conferderation, promoted public education, protection of private property, admitting new states, and ban on slavery in northwest territory
195
1607
founding of jamestown
196
casta system
social structure based on racial identity
197
mulatto
white parent and black parent, black mom enslaved, white free
198
metis
one native american parent and 1 white parent
199
1630-1640 great migration to massachusetts new england
1630-1640 started by john winthrop comes over w/700 colonists
200
pilgrims new england
"separatists" coming to new world for religious freedoms, mayflower ship 1620 plymouth massachusetts
201
puritans new england
english protestants, viewed church of england as too liberal set up colony that serves as a model of christian principles "community of saints" "city upon a hill"
202
providence, rhode isalnd 1636 new england
roger williams founder, religous freedoms leave massachusetts goes to rhode island, 1st instance of church and state seperation
203
1682 pennsylvania middle
1682 founded by quakers, william penn got charter from king, grant right to freedmen to have a say in the government
204
quakers middle
religous group, ahead of the time for social issues opposed to slavery commited to religious freedom
205
chesapeake southern and british west indies
refers to 2 colonies Maryland and virginia
206
Jamestown
1607 1st permanent english settlement, john smith, virgina, london company joint stock company started it
207
john rolfe
starts growing tocacco, makes virginia very wealthy
208
indentured servitude
form of labor gets replaced by african slavery voluntary almost like slavery but for 7 years debt
209
headright system
recruitment for people already in new world, for every laboprer they were given 50 acres
210
1732 georgia
1732 james oglethorpe, last of the 13 colonies to be founded, founded because people were broke and couldnt pay debt
211
mercantilism
economic system countries establish colonies to get rich, theory that there is a finate amount of money and you need to get as much as possible
212
triangular trade
north america gives raw materials to Europe, finished products to Africa, slaves to north america, disease
213
metacoms war 1675-1676 king philips war
chief of pokunoket people, last big resistance of natives in new england against the English
214
pueblos revolt
1680 santa fe against spanish drove out spaniards, 12 years later spanish take back oueblo, mainly for freedom of the encomienda system
215
first africans brought to america
1619, dutch brought them 1st came with 20 expands to millions, 1680 onwards slavery rises
216
chattel slavery
common form of slavery, people considered legal property
217
1739 stono rebellion
1739 slargest slave insurrection south carolina, killed overseerers, got killed by colonists
218
1741 new york conspiracy
1741 plot (may be fake) by slaves and poor whites to revolt and level new york
219
1619 house of burgesses
1619 virginia 1st represenative government, on our own
220
mayflower compact 1620
1st social contract in new world signed by 31 males on mayflower get political rights as long as you follow the laws
221
1649 maryland toleration act
1649 law in Maryland, guarantee religous tolerance for all christian denominations provided they believe in the trinity
222
1686 establishment of the dominion of new england
1686 king james 2 took 5 colonies and appointed 1 royal governor to look after them all people complain and he dissolves it 3 years (conneticut. rhode island, new jersey, and new york)
223
enlightenment (age of reason) again?
reason and science started getting valued more than god, fact based reason and inquiry
224
1730s-1760s great awakening
1730s-1760s religoes devovion were revived, protestant beliefs
225
george whitefield
founded the methodist movement, defendent rights of black people
226
jonathan edwards
minister delivered very famous sermon
227
1676 bacons rebellion
1676 armed rebellion in virginia againsy British William Berkeley, great britian sends troops to shut it down
228
1689 leislers rebellion
1689 against royal officials of the dominion of new england leader jacob leisler, captured 1689 crown dissolves it all
229
1699 wool act
1699 britsh made it illegal for us to export wool to any country other than britain
230
molasses act 1733
law to tax molasses, sugar, and rum
231
1651-1696 navigation acts
1651-1696 attempt by britain to exert more control over trading so it benefits britian more
232
salutary neglect
unofficial brittish policy, dont enfore trade laws, making colonies more independent and confident bold
233
presidents
william henry harrison
john tyler
james polk
zachary taylor
millard fillmore
franklin pierce
james buchanan
abraham lincoln
andrew johnson
ulysses s. grant
rutherford b hayes
james garfield
234
1491
pre christopher columbus
235
1607
1st permanent english settlement jamestown
236
pueblo
native group living in present day south west, the people or house dwelling
237
chinook
pacific northwest oregan etc
238
iroquois
present day northeast pennsylvania new york
239
algonquin
largest in area they covered atalntic coast to great lakes
240
columbian exchange
1492 starts NA, E, and A trade crops,people,animals(horses), and dieseases
241
feudalism
social and economic system in europe, ownership of land, no land no money
242
capitalism
social and economic system in new world, structured by goods and labor, becomes dominant structure
243
joint stock companies
buisness owned by share holders, responsible for exploring and colonizing, investing in new world w/o going
244
sextant
instrument measured angle of horizon and celestial object in sky, makes navigation easeier
245
astrolabe
navigation tool measure position of relative to stars measures longitude
246
christopher columbus
trying to find asia but "found" new world, italian explorer asked spain to fund trip
247
juan ponce de leon
spanish conquistador lead 1st official european expedition to puerto rico in 1508, florida 1513, came w/ columbus on 2nd expedition 1493
248
1565 st augustine
1565 longest continually inhadited european founded city in us, 1st permanent english settlement by Don Pelo/d menedez
249
walter raleigh
helped establish a colony near roanke island
250
1586 roanoke
1586 attempt to found a permanent english settlement "lost colony of roanke"
251
encomienda system
regulate and control native americans, slavery (basically), recruiting tool for spanish to come to new world
252
mestizo
caste system both european and native american
253
zambo
african and native american ancestry
254
juan de sepulveda
spaniard very on board w/spanish missions
255
bartolome de las casas
priest believes whats happeing in new world is wrong
256
juan de onate
1st govener of new mexico, kills a lot of native americans, very brutal
257
maroons
african refugees escape slvery ggoes to brazil
258
1890
end of indian wars, frontier closes and beginning of american imperialism
259
1945
end of ww2 beginning of cold war
260
wright brothers 1903
created first successful airplane
261
progressive era 1901-1917
fix problems from industrial revolution, teddy Roosevelt starts, laissez faire goes away, ends when US gets involved in ww1
262
northern securities company 1904
railroad monopoly, farmers affected, teddy Roosevelt breaks it up uses Sherman anti trust act correctly
263
closing of the Frontier 1890
no more frontier, god says expand outward
264
Roosevelt corollary 1904
teddy, same thing as monroe doctrine, we now have the military might to back this up, Gunload policy
265
dollar diplomacy
president tafts way of dealing with world around us, economic power influencing other countries.
266
1914 and 1917
ww1 starts 1917 when usa joins,
267
ww1
1914 us declares neutrality, Lusitania sinks british passenger due to germans. we mad. zimmerman telegram forces us into ww1
268
American Expeditionary Force (AEF)
name of fighting forces we send to france, general john j. Pershing led it
269
treaty of versailles 1919
peace treaty that ends ww1, bad peace treaty, 100% blamed on germany, hard on morale and had to pay war fines, insanely high, army only 100,000 troops lose a ton of territory
270
league of nations
precursor to the UN, good idea but Britain and France only care about revenge, 1 of wilsons 14 points. Senate doesn't want to join, collapses after ww1
271
great migration of african americans
6 million african americans go out of south to northeast, midwest, and west 1910-1970, away from segregation and economic.
272
great depression 1929-1941
ww2 ended it, worst economic collapse ever, very high unemployment 1 in 4, buisnesses and banks fail, too much supply not enough demand. hoover was nothing
273
fdr new deal 1933-1945
get us out of depression, relief-provide most basic needs, recovery-any program to get people a job, reform designed to prevent it again
274
new deal program to stimulate economic activity
275
neutrality acts 1935-1939
series of laws that made it illegal for us to get diplomacy involved w/ nations at war, don't distinguish between aggressor countries and victim countries, after germany invades poland we quickly repeal acts
276
pearl harbor 1941
japanese attacks territory of Hawaii, Pearl Harbor, Dec 7, 8 is when we officially declare war
277
japanese american internment 1942
putting japanese americans into camps was seen as national security issue, rights were taken away. Koremats vs united states loses. Regan formally apologizes
278
model t ford and assembly line
henry ford 1st mass productions of car, affordable, assembly line manufacturing gets faster w/ less labor
279
charles lindbergh 1927
american aviator 1st nonstop flight from new york to paris
280
muckrakers
"investigative journalists" exposing corruption, showing the people we have a problem. Lincoln Steffens shame of the cities, upton sinclair the jungle, jacob riis, ida tarbell
281
florence kelly
women, suffrage co founder of naacp
282
square deal
roosevelt "catchphrase" square deal is a fair deal, wanted to be fair to everybody
283
pure food and drug act 1906 meat inspection act
food and medicine companies list their ingredients and makes meat safer for consumption.
284
election of 1912
bullmoose progrssive party, wilson wins democrat
285
new nationalism
TR progressive campaign plan breaks up monopolies changed stance for government control.
286
new freedom
wilson woodrows campaign monopolies bad break them up threat to people
287
underwood tariff 1913
wilson signs tariif gets lowered lost revenue 16th amendment graduated income tax
288
federal reserve act 1913
up currency is stored in nearly one place, reserve sets an interest rate to prevent panics, 12 federal banks across country
289
clayton antitrust act 1914
same as sherman anti trust act but defines what a monopoly prohibits going after unions and farmers
290
federal trade commision 1914
wilson investigate illegal business practices
291
16, 17, 18 19th amendments
federal income tax, election of senators, prohibition, vote for womens
292
alfred thayer mahan
wrote book influence of sea power on history, t roosevelt read and increased naval might.
293
yellow journalism
exagerated journalistic practices, clickbait, stretched the truth
294
USS maine
us ship that exploded in havana harbor, blames on spain
295
Filipino rebellion 1899-1902
1 year after spanish american war, takes filipines from spain, aaguinldo leader gets crushed. hold control until ww2
296
spanish american war 1898
quick in the pacific we destroy all spain navy, gain territories cuba, puerto rico, guam, filipines. insular cases people there don't get our constitutional rights. rough riders unit with t roosevelt.
297
hay bunaau varilla treaty 1903
gives us right to build Panama canal
298
14 points 1918
wilsons 14 idead on how to prevent ww2 none are listened to except 14th which is league of nations
299
espionage act of 1917 and sedition act of 1918
illegal to encourage disloyalty to usa and illegal to criticize government through writing.
300
schenk v usa
1st commandment rights are not absolute
301
palmer raids and sacco and vanzetti
targetys people, lots get deported, immigrants, communist, radical. self explained anarchists, accused of muder, executed but protests broke out
302
gentlemans agreement
informal agreement between usa and japan, no japanese laborers to usa so no restrictions on japanese immigrants
303
national origins act 1924
prevented immigration from assia, and set quotas on eastern and southern Europe immigrants
304
harlem renaissance
intelectual and cultural revival of african american culture etc
305
jelly roll morton
1 true jazz composer
306
louis armstrong
very influential in jazz, popular bridged gap of black and white people
307
ashcan school
art movement in NYC
308
edward hopper
artist of american life and landscapes
309
kkk march on washington 1925
puts pressure on governemt to limit immigration, hate african americans, immigration, catholics, jews
310
fundamentalism vs modernism
religion v science where we came from bible literally of figurativly, scopes monkey trial
311
prohibitoon 1920-1933
production of alcohol illegal 18th illegal 21st repeals
312
stock market crash 1929
signals start of depression, black tuesday, whole world goes down, people pulled money out of banks, everything crashed.
313
hawley smoot tariff 1930
hoover attempt to do something, makes everything worse, highest traiff ever other countries refuse to trade with us
314
reconstruction finance coporation 1932 (election year)
hoover gives money to banks, life insurance, and railroads but its too late
315
bonus march
ww1 veterns march goes bad military forces them out they want money
316
glass steagall act
made commercial banks illegal to take their holdings (our money) and invent on wallstreet
317
federal deposit insurance corporation FDIC 1933
prevents panics and fed gov insures our saving deposits
318
securities and exchange commision 1934
regulates financial markets, after illegal buisness practices
319
wagner act 1935
national labor relations act protects workers right to organize and bargain with employees
320
court packing plan
fdr thtreatens to pack court full of judges that support him, supreme court stops going after his new deal plans.
321
roosevwlt recession 1938
fdr cut funding showing his new deals were working.
322
huey long
critical of fdrs new deal stood up for poor whites
323
charles coughlin
catholic radio priest
324
washington naval conference 1921-22
countries agree to limit size of navy
325
stimson doctrine 1932
usa wont recognize change in border that came through force
326
good neighbor policy
fdr says we wont intfere with other countries affairs, isolation, ends gunload and dollar diplomacy
327
lend-lease act
allows us to give money and supplies to allies while staying neutral
328
atlanitc charter 1941
agrrement between fdr andd churchhill on new world after ww2, framework for UN
329
d day june 6 1944
us invades parts of france, largest invasion of mankind, retsake europe turning point in war
330
manhatten project
oppenheimer to create atomic bomb
331
trinity site testing japan cities
hiroshimia, 3 days later nagasaki 1945
332
ast tehron conference
uk ussr usa agrre to open front d day
333
yalta conference
big three stalin tells fdr he will help usa defeat japan after germany, take europe and split down middle to rebuild Stalin forms a dictatorship
334
potsdom conference and declaration and nuremburg trials
we have knowledge of atomic bomb, big 3 stalin is the original of big 3. japan should immediately surrendor of we destroy you agrees to take high level nazis to court for crimes against humanity.
335
a philip randolph
ytells fdr to desgregratew wartime industries, leads into fair employment practices commision
336
zoot suit riots
suit but massive people wearing get beat up by off duty mexican american sailors and white americans. see suits as wasteful as there is fabric needed for war time effort
