p. 498-506

Question 1

T/F According to the CDC heart disease is the leading cause of death in both men an women accounting for 600,000 die each year

Answer 1

True

Question 2

What is the most common type of heart disease responsible for more than 385,000 deaths each year

Answer 2

Coronary artery disease

Question 3

In the US someone has a heart attack every

Answer 3

34 seconds

Question 4

In the US a person dies from a heart disease event every

Answer 4

minute

Question 5

Signs and symptoms of the many possible cardiac conditions, referred to as

Answer 5

cardiac compromise

Question 6

this will destroy the clot and restore blood flow to the heart.

Answer 6

mechanical therapy or angioplasty

Question 7

this is a condition that causes the smallest of arterial structures to become stiff and less elastic. Often referred to as “hardening of the arteries”

Answer 7

Arteriosclerosis

Question 8

This is a form of Arteriosclerosis, that is a systemic arterial disease

Answer 8

Atherosclerosis

Question 9

anthere means

Answer 9

gruel or porridge

Question 10

scleros means

Answer 10

hard

Question 11

this is an inflammatory disease that starts within the innermost lining of the blood vessels, where endothelial cells become damaged

Answer 11

atherosclerosis

Question 12

the buidup of fatty deposits is also known as

Answer 12

atherosclerosis

Question 13

when a patient has a buildup of fatty deposits on the inside of the coronary arteries, the condition is called

Answer 13

coronary artery disease

Question 14

fatty deposits reduce the coronary arteries ablilty to

Answer 14

dialate or become larger and deliever blood flow to the heart

Question 15

this syndrome is a result from a variety of conditions that can affect the heart in which the coronary arteries are narrowed or occluded by fat deposits, clots, or spasm.

Answer 15

acute coronary syndrome

Question 16

the word acute refers to

Answer 16

sudden onset

Question 17

the word coronary refers to

Answer 17

condition affecting coronary arteries

Question 18

The word syndrome refers to

Answer 18

a group of signs and symptoms produced by the condition.

Question 19

name the 2 conditions that are part of any acute coronary syndrome

Answer 19

unstable angina
myocardial infraction (heart attack)

Question 20

a heart muscle not receiving an adequate amount of oxygenated blood because of the narrowing of coronary arteries by plaque or spasms, clot formation inside the coronary artery blocking the blood flow results in

Answer 20

cardiac cell hypoxia

Question 21

cardiac cell hypoxia is also known as

Answer 21

myocardial ischemia

Question 22

myo refers to

Answer 22

muscles

Question 23

cardio refers to

Answer 23

heart

Question 24

this refers to a deficient supply of oxygenated blood

Answer 24

ischemia

Question 25

myocardial ischemia is a state in which there is

Answer 25

inadequate delivery of oxygen to the heart muscle

Question 26

a typical response of the heart to ischemia in a patient is

Answer 26

chest discomfort

Question 27

this is a symptom commonly associated with coronary artery disease which literally means pain in the chest

Answer 27

angina pectoris

Question 28

this term indicates angina discomfort that is prolonged and worsening, or that occurs without exertion and when patient is at rest

Answer 28

unstable angina

Question 29

classic angina is typically relieved with rest and

Answer 29

nitroglycerin

Question 30

``` stedy discomfort in the chest described as pressure, tightness, aching discomfort in the shoulders, arms, neck, jaw, back cool, clammy skin anxiety dyspnea diaphoresis indigestion pain ```

Answer 30

signs and symptoms of: | angina pectoris

Question 31

this occurs when a portion of the heart muscle dies because of the lack of an adequate supply of oxygenated blood

Answer 31

acute myocardial infraction

Question 32

this occurs when when a weakened section of the aortic wall begins to dialate or ballon outward from the pressure exerted by the blood flowing through the vessel (most often occurs in the abdominal region)

Answer 32

aortic aneurysm

Question 33

this occurs when there is a tear in the inner lining of the aorta and blood enters the opening and causes separation of the layers of the aortic wall (most often occurs in the area of the thorax)

Answer 33

aortic dissection

Question 34

If aortic dissection is suspected do we administer aspirin?

Answer 34

NO

Question 35

T/F coronaty artery disease in females is the single largest cause of death in the US

Answer 35

True

Question 36

the restoration of blood to an area of tissue that was once ischemic from low blood flow or occlusion of a vessel is called

Answer 36

reperfusion

Question 37

the free radicals that directly damage cell membranes and other cellular components is called

Answer 37

reperfusion injury

Question 38

higher oxygen levels in the blood result in an (increase or decrease) in the production of damaging free radicals and greater cell and tissue death

Answer 38

increase

Question 39

T/F hyperoxygenating the acute coronary syndrome patient may lead to greater cardiac cell damage and death

Answer 39

True

Question 40

heart failure is either categorized as

Answer 40

left ventricular or right ventricular failure

Question 41

T/F capillaries in the lungs are the site of gas exchange with the alveoli

Answer 41

True

Question 42

when pressure in the capillaries is increased, fluid begins to leak out between the capillary and alveoli, the fluid collects between the capillary and alveloli and distal bronchioles which causes the space between the capillary and the alveoli to widen. this condition is referred to as

Answer 42

pulmonary edema

Question 43

the right side of the heart may fail due to

Answer 43

failure of the left side of the heart or hypertension

Question 44

this is a medical diagnosis that refers to the condition in which there is a build-up of fluid in the body resulting from the pump failure of the heart.

Answer 44

congestive heart failure (CHF)

Question 45

treatment for a patient with heart failure or acute myocardial infraction includes

Answer 45

ensure open airway | provide positive pressure ventilation with supplemental oxygen