P H Y S I C S

Question 1

What is the charge of an alpha particle?

Answer 1

2

Question 2

Name the radiation emitted from radioactive materials that consist of high-speed electrons.

Answer 2

Beta radiation

Question 3

True or false? It is safe to handle sources of alpha particles with bare hands as the radiation only travels a few mm in air.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Can electromagnetic radiation affect the electron arrangement of an atom?

Answer 4

Yes

Question 5

What is the name of the medical condition humans can get that involves uncontrolled cell division if they are exposed to too much ionising radiation over a period of time?

Answer 5

Cancer

Question 6

True or false. Most of an atom is empty space.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

True or false? It is not possible to predict when a particular atom of a radioactive substance will undergo decay.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What name is given to the process by which radioactive atoms break down and change into a different type of atom?

Answer 8

Radioactive decay

Question 9

Beta radiation consists of what type of sub-atomic particle?

Answer 9

Electrons

Question 10

How many electrons does an alpha particle contain?

Answer 10

0

Question 11

Which type of radiation emitted by radioactive atoms has the least ionising power?

Answer 11

Gamma radiation

Question 12

Substances that give out radiation from the nuclei of their atoms all the time are said to be… what?

Answer 12

Radioactive

Unstable

Question 13

What type of radiation has the greatest range in air?

Answer 13

Gamma

Question 14

Name the type of radiation given out by radioactive substances that is the most ionising.

Answer 14

Alpha

Question 15

True or false? Beta particles come from the electron shells surrounding a radioactive nucleus.

Answer 15

False

Question 16

Which type of ionising radiation has no charge?

Answer 16

Gamma radiation

Question 17

Which type of ionising radiation is the most dangerous if swallowed?

Answer 17

Alpha

Question 18

Name the type of nuclear radiation that is used in smoke alarms.

Answer 18

Alpha

Question 19

An underground pipe is suspected to contain a blockage. A radioactive tracer is put into the pipe to assess the situation. What type of radiation will be given off by this tracer? Why is this tracer chosen?

Answer 19

Gamma radiation

Gamma radiation can pass through the pipe and ground to reach the detector.

Question 20

What word completes this sentence? Gamma rays are given out by the __________ of certain radioactive materials.

Answer 20

nucleus

nuclei

Question 21

What is the name given to an isotope if its nucleus is unstable?

Answer 21

Radioactive
Radioactive isotope
Radioisotope

Question 22

True or false? All isotopes are radioactive.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

What is the missing word? Ionising radiation is emitted all the time by __________ sources.

Answer 23

radioactive

Question 24

What happens if an alpha particle transfers sufficient energy to an atom?

Answer 24

The atom may eject an electron and become a positively charged ion.

Question 25

A Geiger-Muller (GM) tube can be used to detect ionising radiation. How many alpha particles entering the GM tube are needed to make the counter advance by one?

Answer 25

1

Question 26

What unit of radioactivity is being described here: "The activity of a quantity of radioactive material in which one nucleus decays per second."

Answer 26

Becquerel | Bq

Question 27

True or false? 10g of a radioactive isotope has an activity of 15 Bq. Therefore it can be predicted that 20g of the same isotope will have an activity of 30 Bq.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Fill in the missing word. The activity of a radioactive isotope is __________ proportional to its half-life.

Answer 28

inversely

Question 29

How many half-lives would have to pass before the radioactivity of an isotope falls to less than 1% of its original value?

Answer 29

7

Question 30

True or false? Gamma radiation can be deflected.

Answer 30

False

Question 31

A gas will turn back into a liquid faster if the temperature of the gas is... what?

Answer 31

Decreased

Question 32

What is the name given to the change in state from gas to solid?

Answer 32

Deposition

Question 33

What is the name given to the change in state from solid to gas?

Answer 33

Sublimation

Question 34

Internal energy is the energy stored inside a system by the __________ that make up the system.

Answer 34

Particles Atoms Molecules

Question 35

The heat of an object is a measure of the amount of __________ energy it contains. What is the missing word in this sentence?

Answer 35

Thermal

Question 36

What is the unit for measuring thermal energy?

Answer 36

J | Joules

Question 37

True or false? During a change of state, the temperature of the substance does not change.

Answer 37

True

Question 38

What is the unit for specific latent heat? Give your answer in symbols, not words (for example, "m/s")

Answer 38

J/kg