P1 Flashcards by Arshinelou Honato

ISBT system number: 001
Chromosome no: 9

ABO

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Give the ISBT number and chromosome number of Rh respectively

004, 1

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ISBT NUMBER: 002
Chromosomal number: 4

MNS

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ISBT system no.: 3
Chromosome no.: 22

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ISBT number: 005
Chromosome number: 19

Lutheran

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ISBT has how many numbers? First three is for? The last three?

6
First three: Blood group system
Last three: Specific antigen

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-remains in the Ii collection
-collection number 207; symbol I
-(207002) antigens

i antigens

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027-001

I antigen

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what is the relationship between the I and i high frequency antigen expressed in wide range of strength ?

inversely proportional

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-cold agglutinin
-Weiner called it ____ for individuality

The I (027) Blood Collection and I antigen

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RBCs that lack these antigens are relatively resistant to malaria. What blood group?

Duffy antigens; DUFFY blood group

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an antibody to ____ is considered to have the most notorious reputation

Kidd

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this antibody is almost always associated with parasitic infection. what blood group?

anti-P1

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antibody class of I Blood Group Systems

IgM

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-optimal reaction temperature is at 4 degrees
-enzyme treatment: enhanced agglutinnation

I Blood Group System

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what antibody is associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection

anti-I

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-006 GROUP SYSTEM
-consists of 32-high incidence and low-incidence antigens
-first blood group system discovered after the introductionof antiglobulin testing
-enzyme treatment: no effect

KELL GROUP SYSTEM

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what is the antibody class of kell blood group system?
optimal temp:

IgG; 37 degrees

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what are the antigens of Kell Blood Group System (6)

K (kell), k (cellano), Kpa (penny), Kpb (rautenberg), Jsa (sutter), Jsb (matthews), and Ku; common Kell system antigens k, Kpb, Jsb

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T/F: K is very mmunogenic. anti-K is encountered quite frequently and can cause HTR and HDN

TRUE

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Also known as K0. It occurs when RBCs lack the Kell antigens BUT HAVE Kx antigen

Kellnull

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produced by a gene located on a DIFFERENT chromosome than the Kell system genes. This antigen is inherited independently from the Kell antigens; is required for the expression of the Kell system antigens.

Kx antigen

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identified by Kelleher in 1946

KEL 1 or K

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3 years later, Cellano identified in 1946

KEL 2 or k

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-Kpa and Kpb -Jsa and Jsb

antithetical antigens

Kell blood group system is located in which chromosome?

chromosome 7

-found only in RBCs -NOT been found on platelets, lymphocytes, granulocytes, and monocytes

KELL

Xk protein is found in

Erythroid tissues and in other tissues succh as brain, lymphoid organ, heart, and skeletal muscles

Kell glycoprotein is abundant in

testes

K antigen is detected on fetal RBCs as early as

10 weeks

-Abbbreviation for Duffy -Antibody class?

Fy; IgG

Antigens of Duffy (2)

Fya and Fyb

silent allele for Duffy

alleles for duffy (3)

Fya, Fyb, and Fy

Duffy Commonly show dosage effect?

Weak antibodies react more strongly with HOMOZYGOUS cells

ISBT number of Duffy

008

antibodies of Duffy

anti-Fya and anti-Fyb

chromosomal number of duffy?

-identified on fetal red cells as early as 6 WEEKS gestational age and are well developed at birth -antigens are not found platelets, lymphocytes, monocytes, or granulocytes, but they have been identified in other body tissues, including brain, colon, endothelium, lung, spleen, etc.

Fya and Fyb

Destroyed by common proteolytic enzymes not affected by DTT alone

Fya and Fyb

an inherited weak form of Fyb that reacts with some examples of anti-Fyb

Fyx

is an important allele for invasion for P. vivax and P. knowlesi

Fy6

-usually, IgG and react best at the antiglobulin phase -low ionic sol'n -have been assocciated ith cute and delayed HTRs

Anti-Fya and Anti-Fyb

-found in the serum of an Fy(a-b-)

Fy3 and anti-Fy3

unlike Fya and Fyb, the ____ antigen is not destroyed by enzymes

Fy3 and Fy5

Double dosage, Single dosage

White, Black

-FY(a-b-) is common in _____ -resist infection in vitro by the monkey malaria organism Plasmodium knowlesi and Plasmodium vivax -lower neutrophil counts, susceptibility to infection, renal disease, and reduced graft survival following renal transplantation

Black americans

abbreviation for Kidd Blood Group System

KIDD Antibody class: Optimal reaction temp: Reaction phase:

IgG 37 degrees AHG

clinically significant: associated with HTR and mild HDN

Kidd Blood Group System

Antigens of Kidd

Jka, Jkb, Jk3

Four phenotypes of Kidd:

Jk(a+b-); Jk(a-b+); Jk (a+b+); Jk (a-b-)

codes for Jka and Jk3

Jka

codes for Jkb and Jk3

Jkb

-show dosage effect -bind complement -antibodies deteriorate in storage, commmonly causes DELAYED HEMOLYTIC TRANSFUSION REACTIONS Give the antibody and blood group

anti- JKa and anti-Jkb (KIDD)

-detected on fetal red cells on RBCs of most individuals -not altered by enzymes ____ weeks for Jka and ___ weeks for Jkb

Jka and Jkb

an IgG antiglobulin reactive antibody that looks like an inseperable anti-JkaJkb. the individual making the antibody will type Jk (a-b-)

Alloanti-Jk3

associated with KIDD BGS on patient receiving ALDOMET/METHYLDOPA and another was chlorporopamide-dependent

Drug-Induced Autoantibody

the null phenotype for Kidd blood group; lack Jka and Jkb, and common Jk3 antigen most abundant in Polynesian, and identified in Fiilipinos

Jk(a-b-)

-RBCs resists lysis to 2M urea -delayed by 30 minutes, in contrast to Jk(a+) and Jk(b+) occurs within 1 MINUTE

Jk(a-b-)

abbreviation for Lutheran Blood Group System

Lutheran antibody class:

Lua (IgM) and Lub (IgG)

LUTHERAN Optimal reaction temperature:

Lua (4 degrees) and Lub (37 degrees)

LUTHERAN Reaction phase:

Lua (RT) Lub (AHG)

which antibody of Lutheran is rare and associated with HTR and HDN

anti-Lub

How many antigens are there in Lutheran Blood Group?

18 total, including Aua and Aub

alleles of Lutheran (2)

Lua and Lub

what ISBT number is designated to Lutheran Blood Group system

005

discovered in serum of a patient with SLE following transfusion

Lutheran ISBT 005

antithetical partner of Lua by Cutbush and Canarin

Lub

Most common Lutheran phenotype accounts for 93.35 of most population

Lu (a-b+)

although the antigens have been detected on fetal RBCs as early as 10-12 weeks of gestation, they are poorly developed

Lua and Lub

what antibody? most are naturally occurring saline agglutinins (IgM) that react better at room temp -LOOSE, MIXED-FIELD reactivity in a test tube

anti-Lua

-a rare antibody that reacts with all RBCs EXCEPT Lu(a-b-) RBCs -inseparable to anti-Luab and recognizes common antigen, Lu3, that is present wheneer Lua or Lub is present

Anti-Lu3

what antigens are affected in DOMINANT type of Lu(a-b-)? is there a presence of anti-Lu3?

reduced P1, i, Inb, AnWj, MER2, CD44

excluding ABO, is rated second only to D in terms of immunogenecity

Kell antigens

consists of 39 high-prevalence and low-prevalence antigens; it was FIRST blood group system discovered after the introduction of antiglobulin testing

Kell Blood Group system

absence of Xk results in ______ syndrome. It is also associated with CGD (Chronic Granulomatous Disease

McLeod Syndrome

depressed kell antigens are seen on RBCs with which phenotype?

Gerbich-negative phenotypes Ge: -2, -3, 4 and Ge: -2, -3, 4 (LEACH PHENOTYPE)

high frequency/incidence kell antigen: (3)

k (cellano), Kpb (rautenberg), Jsb (matthews)

recognizes the "universal" kell antigen present on all RBCs except Ko.

anti-Ku

-decreased kell system antigen expression and abnormal RBBC morphology which has been associated with X-linked CGD -RBCs lacked Kx -muscular dystrophy -acanthocytosis

McLeod Syndrome

49 antigens have been included in this blood system, making it almost equal to Rh in size and complexity

ISBT 002 MNS

-found on glycophorin A and are antitheticaal antigens -easily destroyed by enzymes -well-developed at birth

MN antigens

has serine and glycine

M antigens

has leucine and glutamic acid

N antigen

MN antigens differ in?

in their amino residue at positions 1 and 5

-found on glycophorin b and they are antithetical antigens -less easily degraded by enzymes

S and s antigens

has methionine

S antigen

has threonine

s antigen

-may be IgG and IgM (majority IgM) -cold reactive saline agglutinins -usually does not bind complement -pH-dependent (6.5) -shows DOSAGE EFFECT

anti-M

-cold-reactive IgM saline agglutinin -anti-Nf- seen in renal patient, who are dialyzed on equipment sterilized with formaldehyde

anti-N

MNS clinically significant, causing HTR and HDN

anti-S, anti-s, anti-U

MNS -Universal -can be formmed in S-s individuals -can also cause HDFN -enhanced by enzyme treatment

anti-U

five most important antigens in MNS

M,N,S,s,U

give the phenotype. -they are M-N- -confers resistance to Plasmodium falciparum merozoite

En(a-) phenotype

null phenotype in the MNS blood group system M-N-S-s-U-En(a-)Wr(a-b-)

Mk phenotype

may serve as the receptor by which certain pyelonephritogenic strains strains of E. coli gain entry to the urinary tract

Glycophorin A

how are S and s antigens differentiated?

differentiated by the amino acid residues at position 29

anti-M exhibit dosage at what phenotype does it react better?

M+N- better than M+N+

Anti-N shows dosage at what phenotype does it react better?

reacts better at M-N+ than M+N+

N reactivity includes:

Bauhinia variegate Bauhinia purpura Vicia graminea

M reactivity includes:

Iberis amara Iberis semperivens Maclura aurantica

ISBT number of P Blood group

003

ISBT number of globoside collection. what antigen does it have?

028 P

P1 is assigned to what blood group system?

P blood group system

what antigen is assigned to new globoside (028) and in globoside collection (029)?

028: P 029: Pk and LKE

was introduced in 1927 by Landsteiner and Levine

P Blood Group

like ABH antigens, are synthesized by sequential action of glycosyltransferases, which add sugars to precurors substances

P blood group

Abbreviation of P Blood Group System

P Blood Group System Abs

IgM (anti-P1)

Autoanti-P is _____ antibody. Naturally occuring biphasic antibody associated with paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria. Binds to the antigen on the patient's RBCs in the cold and fixes complement.

Donath-Landsteiner

patients with this antibody may require a blood warmer for transfusion

autoanti-P

-found in individuals of the p phenotype -spontaneous abortions -originally, called as anti-Tja (tumor) -produced by p individuals early in life w/out RBC sensitization

Anti-PP(1)P(k) 1 and k and are subscripts

found on RBCs, lymphocytes, granulocytes, and monocytes

P1, P, Pk

can be found on platelets, epithelial cells, and fibroblasts

resistant to treatment with ficin and papain, DTT, chloroquine, and glycine-acid EDTA

P blood group

reactivity of the antibodies can be greatly enhanced by testing with enzyme-treated RBCs

P bloo group

12 weeks found on fetal RBCs but weakens w/ gestational age

P1 antigen

has been identified in hydatid cyst fluid, lumbricoides terrestris, and ascaris suum

P1 subtance

has been found on: plasma, droppings of pigeon and turtledoves, eggwhite of turtle doves

P1-like antigen

-is a marker of apoptosis in germinal center B cells, Burkitt lymphoma, and lymphoblastic anemia -associated with biliary cirrhosis and AIHA

naturally occuring ALLOANTIBODY in sera of all pk individuals

anti-P

-naturally occcuring IgM antibody in the sera of P2 individuals -HDFN is not associated -individuals infected Echinococcus granulosus] -patients with fascioliasis (bovine liver fluke disease) and in bird handlers

anti-P1

-detectable in antigens in P1 -possible antibodies

P, P1, Pk NONE

-detectable antigens in P2 -possible antibodies

-P AND Pk -anti-P1

possible antibodies in "p" (P null)

anti-PP(1)P(k)

-detectable antigens in P1k -possible antibodies:

-P1, Pk -anti-P

-detectable antigens in P2(k) -detectable antibodies

-Pk -anti-P and anti-P1

-abbreviation for Lewis Blood Group System -antibody class

Le IgM

-produced by tissue cells and secreted into fluids -the antigens are absorbed onto the RBC membranes -may take 6 YEARS to fully develop these antigens

Lewis Blood Group

decreased expression on red cells from many pregnant women. pregnant women are typed as?

lewis antigens; Le (a-b-)

ABH nonsecretors

Le(a+b-)

ABH secretors

Le(a-b+)

either secretors on non-secretors

Le(a-b-)

inherits both Le and Se genes, give the transformation of phenotypes (4)

Le(a-b-) Le(a+b-) Le(a+b+) Le(a-b+) (TRUE LEWIS PHENOTYPE)

phenotype transformation of children who inherit the Le and sese genes (3)

Le(a-b-) birth Le(a+b-) after 10 days Le(a+b-) phenotype persists through life

-ISBT number LE3 -anti-Le(ab) superscript reacts with Le(a+b-) and Le(a-b+) RBCs from adults and with 90% cord RBCs what is the antigen?

Le(ab)

what is the antigen and the antibody if it reacts with GROUP O Le(b+) and A2 Le(b+) RBCS

anti-Le(bH) and Le(bH)

what is the antibody and the antigen if it reacts with GROUP A1 Le(b+) and A1Le(b+) RBCs

anti-A(leb) and ALe(b)

-ISBT NUMBER 6 -reacts with GROUP B Le(b+) and A1B Leb(+) RBCs

anti-Ble(b) and BLeb

What is the glycosyltransferase of H gene? What is the immunodominant sugar?

a-2-L-fucosyltransferase L-fucose

A gene glycosyltransferase? Immunodominant sugar?

-a-3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase -N-acetylgalactosamine

B gene galactosyltransferase? Immunodominant sugar?

-a-3-D-galactosyltransferase -D-galactose

ABH antigens on RBC are found in what type of chain? glycolipids, glycoproteins, glycosphingolipids

Type 2 beta linkage 1,4

ABH antigens on SECRETION are found in which type of chain?

Type 1 (odd) beta linkage 1,3 glycoproteins H,A,B,Se,Le

FUT2

Se gene

FUT3

Le gene

FUT1

H gene

Weak A subgroup -Mixed-field -anti-A1 may be present (serum) -has enzyme

A Weak Subgroup -NO AGGLUTINATION by anti-A but do agglutinate with most samples of anti-AB -NO TRANSFERASE -almost always produce anti-A1

Weak A -VERY WEAK MIXED FIELD -NO A glycosyltransferase

Aend

Weak A -NOT AGGLUTINATED - has an A enzyme (serum)

Weak A -NOT AGGLUTINATED by anti A or anti AB - HAS ENZYME - H, A SALIVA -GERMLINE MUTATION

Weak A -UNAGGLUTINATED by anti-A or anti-AB -NO ENZYME

Ael

Weak B -Mixed-Field -B-glycosyltransferase in serum but not in RBC membranes

Weak B -WEAK AGGLUTINATION NO ENZYME

Weak B -UNAGGLUTINATED -ENZYME (SERUM) -reduced activity of B enzyme

Weak B -UNAGGLUTINATED -NO ENZYME -mutation in exon 7

Bel

Unexpected reactions in REVERSE GROUPING weakly reacting or missing antibodies Common populations: Newborns, Elderly Patients, Leukemia patients, Patients with immunosuppressive drugs

GROUP 1 DISCREPANCIES

Unexpected reactions in FORWARD GROUPING least encountered Causes: Subgroups of A or B may be present, leukemias, Hodgkin's

GROUP 2 DISCREPANCIES

Discrepancies between FORWARD AND REVERSE Caused by:protein or plasma proteins, rouleaux formation, pseudo agglutination Multiple myeloma, Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia, Hodgkin's, Dextran, WHARTON'S JELLY

GROUP 3

Discrepancies BETWEEN FORWARD AND REVERSE MISCELLANEOUS PROBLEMS cold reactive autoantibodies Unexpected ABO isoagglutinins

Group 4

P1 Flashcards

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