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Science Term Two Physics P1 (ex. P1.) > P1 > Flashcards

P1 Flashcards

(84 cards)

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1
Q

What are rulers used for?

A

Rulers are used to measure lengths in linear dimensions, typically in mm, cm, or m.

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2
Q

What are measuring cylinders used for?

A

Measuring cylinders are used to measure volumes of liquids, with graduations marked on the side indicating the volume.

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3
Q

How did humans first measure time?

A

Humans first began to measure time using sundials.

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4
Q

What allowed for the calculation of a second?

A

The first mechanical clocks allowed for the calculation of a second using a pendulum.

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5
Q

What is the period of oscillation of a pendulum?

A

The period of oscillation of a pendulum is the time it takes for the mass of the pendulum to complete one complete cycle of its swinging motion.

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6
Q

How can we predict the period of a pendulum?

A

We can predict the period of a pendulum using a specific formula.

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7
Q

What is the purpose of using a pendulum?

A

To measure time.

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8
Q

How can you find the average value for a small distance or short interval of time?

A

By taking multiple measurements and dividing by the number of measurements.

E.g. To find the period of oscillation of a pendulum, multiple swings are timed and then averaged to determine the average period.

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9
Q

What are scalar quantities?

A

Scalar quantities have magnitude only and do not have direction.

Examples include distance, speed, time, mass, energy, and temperature.

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10
Q

What are vector quantities?

A

Vector quantities have both magnitude and direction.

Examples include force, weight, velocity, acceleration, and gravitational field strength.

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11
Q

What can a distance-time graph be used to calculate?

A

A distance-time graph can be used to calculate speed.

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12
Q

What does a horizontal line in a distance-time graph indicate?

A

A horizontal line means the object is stationary.

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13
Q

What does the slope of a distance-time graph help calculate?

A

The slope of the graph can be used to calculate velocity.

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14
Q

What does a curved line in a distance-time graph indicate?

A

A curved line shows that speed is not constant.

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15
Q

What can speed-time graphs be used to calculate?

A

Speed-time graphs can be used to calculate acceleration.

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16
Q

What does a horizontal line in a speed-time graph denote?

A

A horizontal line denotes constant speed.

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17
Q

What does the area under a speed-time graph represent?

A

The area trapped under the speed-time graph shows distance.

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18
Q

What does a curved line in a distance-time graph indicate?

A

A curved line shows that acceleration is not constant.

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19
Q

What does a green line in a distance-time graph indicate?

A

The green line shows a fast, steady speed.

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20
Q

What does a blue line in a Distance-time graph indicate?

A

The blue line shows a journey with a stop and a return to the starting position.

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21
Q

What is the formula for acceleration?

A

a = v ÷ t

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22
Q

What are the units for acceleration?

A

m/s/s or m/s²

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23
Q

What is mass?

A

Mass is the amount of matter in an object and is measured in kilograms.

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24
Q

What is weight?

A

Weight is the amount of gravitational force acting on an object.

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25
How does mass relate to gravity?
Mass is not affected by gravity.
26
What is the acceleration due to gravity on Earth?
9.8 metres per second per second.
27
What does the acceleration due to gravity mean?
For every second a dropped object falls, it will increase in speed by 9.8 m/s.
28
Does gravity affect all objects equally?
Yes, all objects fall at the same rate regardless of weight.
29
What is the formula for speed?
s = d / t ## Footnote s represents speed, d represents distance, t represents time
30
What is the difference between speed and velocity?
Speed is the rate at which an object is moving, while velocity is the rate and direction at which an object is moving.
31
What is the formula for weight?
W = mg ## Footnote W = weight measured in newtons (N), m = mass measured in kilograms (kg), g = acceleration due to gravity.
32
How many Newtons (N) is the acceleration due to gravity on Earth?
Earth's gravity is estimated to be 9.8 N.
33
What is the formula for force?
F = ma ## Footnote F = force, m = mass, a = acceleration.
34
What does density tell us?
Density tells us how concentrated the mass of an object is.
35
How is density measured?
Density is measured in kg/m³.
36
What is the symbol for density?
The unit of density is the Greek letter ρ (rho).
37
What is the formula for density?
Density = mass / volume or p = m / v
38
What is the density of a sample of ethanol with a volume of 240 cm³ and a mass of 190 g?
The density will be 0.79 g/cm³. ## Footnote Example calculation: Density = 190 g / 240 cm³ = 0.79 g/cm³
39
How is volume measured by displacement?
This method is used to get an accurate measure of volume for irregularly shaped objects.
40
What is the first step in measuring volume by displacement?
Add water to a measuring cylinder to a desired volume.
41
What should you do after placing an object in the measuring cylinder?
Record the new volume.
42
What is the conversion factor for cubic meters to cubic centimeters?
1 cm³ = 0.000001 m³.
43
What does T represent in physics?
T = time
44
what is the formula to find time period of a pendulum
T = 2π√(L/g)
45
What does A represent in physics?
A = acceleration
46
What is the formula to calculate acceleration?
A = v/t
47
What does v represent in physics?
v = velocity
48
What is the formula to calculate velocity?
v = d/t
49
What does W represent in physics?
W = weight
50
What is the formula to calculate weight?
W = mg
51
What does F represent in physics?
F = force
52
What is the formula to calculate force?
F = ma
53
What does P represent in physics?
P = density
54
What is the formula to calculate density?
P = M/V
55
What does d represent in physics?
d = distance
56
What does m represent in physics?
m = mass
57
What does g represent in physics?
g = Earth's gravitational pull (gravity)
58
what is the formula to find time
Time = d/s (Distance / Speed)
59
What does L represent in physics
L = length of the pendulum and is measured in meters.
60
What can forces do to an object?
Forces can change the size or shape of an object. They can pull, push, or twist.
61
What is the effect of a 1 newton force on a 1 kg object?
A 1 newton force will accelerate a 1 kg object at 1 m/s².
62
What is friction?
Friction is an important force that opposes movement.
63
What happens to kinetic energy of a moving object?
Kinetic energy can be transferred into other forms of energy.
64
Why are lubricants essential for machinery?
Lubricants reduce friction, allowing machinery to function smoothly.
65
What is resultant force?
Resultant force is the net force obtained by adding or subtracting forces.
66
How do you calculate resultant force when forces act in the same direction?
The forces are added together.
67
What happens when forces are opposing each other?
The smaller force is subtracted from the larger force.
68
What is the resultant force if two forces are equal?
The resultant force is zero.
69
What do force diagrams show?
Force diagrams show the size and direction of forces acting on an object.
70
What is the resultant force in the example given?
The resultant force is 3000N.
71
What are balanced forces?
Balanced forces occur when the resultant forces are equal (zero). The object will remain stationary or move at a constant speed.
72
How can balanced forces be described?
Balanced forces can be described as equal and opposite.
73
What are unbalanced forces?
Unbalanced forces occur when the resultant forces are unequal.
74
What happens when the resultant force is in the same direction as the motion of the object?
The object will accelerate.
75
What happens when the resultant force is in the opposite direction as the motion of the object?
The object will decelerate.
76
What happens when the weight force is greater than the supporting force?
The figure accelerates towards the ground.
77
What does the weight force influence?
an object's state of motion and its interaction with other objects.
78
What occurs when the supporting force is greater than the weight force?
the object will accelerate upwards
79
What happens when forces are balanced?
the object remains stationary or continues moving at a constant velocity
80
What is the extension of a spring?
The extension of a spring is the amount it stretches when a force is applied.
81
How is extension related to force?
directly proportional to the applied force
82
What happens if the load on a spring is too much?
If the load is too much, the spring becomes permanently deformed and loses its elasticity.
83
What is the limit of proportionality?
The limit of proportionality is the point at which a spring no longer follows Hooke's Law.
84
What does an extension graph plot?
An extension graph plots the extension of a spring against the load applied.

Science Term Two Physics P1 (ex. P1.) (1 decks)

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