P1: Energy Flashcards
(33 cards)
List some of the types of energy stores.
Kinetic, chemical, electrostatic, elastic potential, gravitational potential, nuclear, magnetic, thermal.
What does “doing work” mean?
Energy is being transferred
What is dissipation?
A term to describe ways in which energy is wasted.
What means energy is wasted?
If it is not usefully transferred
What are the three things that energy can do?
Be transferred usefully, stored or dissipated.
What are the two things that energy cannot do?
Be created or destroyed.
What are the two things that the amount of work done when a force acts on a body depends on?
-The size of the force acting on the object,
-The distance through which the force causes the body to move in the direction of the force.
What is the equation for work done?
Work done = force x distance
What is efficiency?
How good a device is at transferring energy input into useful energy output.
What is the highest possible efficiency something can have?
99.9999999…%
What is a conductor?
A material that allows internal energy to be transmitted through it easily.
What makes metal a good conductor?
Ions in the solid metal are close together.
Increase in temperature causes an increased vibration, meaning the ions collide with neighbours more frequently.
Energy is passed on by these collisions, transferring it.
More frequent collisions increase the rate of transfer.
What is an insulator?
A material that will not allow the easy flow of energy.
What is specific heat capacity?
The amount of energy is takes to raise the temperature of 1kg of something by 1°C
What is the name for systems that can store large amount of energy?
Energy resources.
What are the five things that energy is needed in?
Homes, public services, factories, farms, transport.
What is a renewable energy resource?
One that can be replenished as it is used.
What is biofuel energy?
Burning wood, plants or animal waste for fuel.
What is wind energy?
Using the wind at sea or on land to drive turbines, which generate electricity.
What is tidal energy?
Using the changing sea levels to drive electricity-generating turbines inside dams.
What is water wave energy?
Wind causes waves, which drive electricity-generating turbines.
What is hydroelectricity?
Using the energy of falling water to drive turbines inside dams, which generate electricity.
What is geothermal energy?
Heat from deep in the Earth’s crust turns water into steam, which drives turbines that generate electricity.
What is solar energy?
Solar panels convert sunlight into electricity. Sunlight can also be used to directly heat water.
