P1 - Energy

Question 1

What is conduction

Answer 1

Heat is directly transmitted through the material of a substance.

Question 2

What is a good conductor

Answer 2

Metal

Question 3

What is a poor conductor

Answer 3

Non metals (insulation)

Question 4

What is convection

Answer 4

A change in density causes particles to move from hotter to colder/cooler regions

Question 5

Where does convection occur

Answer 5

In gases and liquids

Question 6

What happens to the air in convection

Answer 6

Hot air rises and cool air falls

Question 7

What is a latent heat

Answer 7

The energy transferred to or from a substance when it changes state

Question 8

What 4 things happen when a substance is heating

Answer 8

• Temperature increases.
• Kinetic energy increases.
• potential energy is constant.
• Internal energy increases.

Question 9

What is internal energy

Answer 9

The energy stored by the particles of a substance

Question 10

What happens to kinetic energy if the temperature of a substance is increased

Answer 10

The total kinetic energy of the particles increase and so the internal energy also increases

Question 11

What is the equation for weight

Answer 11

Mass x gravity (9.8 on earth)

Question 12

What is the equation for elastic potential energy (EPE)

Answer 12

1/2 ke2

Question 13

What is the equation for kinetic energy

Answer 13

1/2 mv^2

Question 14

Equation for GPE

Answer 14

Mgh

Mass x gravity x height

Question 15

What is the equation for power

Answer 15

Energy ÷ time taken

Question 16

What is 1 watt equal to (derived units)

Answer 16

1 joule per second

Question 17

Work done equation

Answer 17

Force x distance

Question 18

What is work done

Answer 18

When any object is moved around eg energy is supplied

Question 19

Efficiency equation

Answer 19

Useful energy given out ÷ energy put in x 100

Question 20

Work done is also classed as

Answer 20

Energy transferred

Question 21

What is an efficient device

Answer 21

A device where most of rhe energy is usefully transformed

Question 22

What is the most common waste energy

Answer 22

Heat energy given to the surroundings

Question 23

What is waste energy

Answer 23

Energy that is transformed to either the wrong place or wrong form

Question 24

What is useful energy

Answer 24

The energy is transferred to where it is wanted in the form delivered

Question 25

Nine types of energy

Answer 25

``` Kinetic Sound Light Thermal Electrical Gravitational potential. Elastic potential. Chemical. Nuclear ```

Question 26

How energy can be transferred

Answer 26

From place to place OR from form to form

Question 27

What happens when a substance changes state

Answer 27

* Temperature is constant. * kinetic energy is constant * potential energy is increased * internal energy is increased

Question 28

What factors affect how much energy must be gained by an object as its temperature increases

Answer 28

* temperature increases * mass * material

Question 29

How to work out specific latent heat and what is it measured in

Answer 29

Energy ÷ mass j/kg

Question 30

How do non metals conduct

Answer 30

As a non metal is heated at one end, the atoms near the heat source gain kinetic energy and vibrate more and collide with each other so the energy is passed on.

Question 31

What is specific heat capacity

Answer 31

The amount of energy required to raise 1kg of material by 1°c

Question 32

What is the equation for specific heat capacity

Answer 32

Specific heat capacity = energy ÷ mass x temp

Question 33

How do metals conduct

Answer 33

When a metal is heated, free electrons gain kinetic energy so they move faster and diffuse through the metal, energy is transferred when electrons collide with other electrons or ions