P1 - Energy For The Home

Question 1

What is heat?

Answer 1

Heat is the measure of energy.

Question 2

What is temperature?

Answer 2

Temperature is a measure of hotness (heat)

Question 3

What is specific heat capacity?

Answer 3

It is how much energy it takes to increase a objects of 1kg overall temperature for 1 degree centigrade

Question 4

What is the equation for specific heat capacity?

Answer 4

Energy = Mass x Specific heat capacity x Temperature change

Question 5

Which direction does heat transfer?

Answer 5

Hot to cold

Question 6

What is specific latent heat?

Answer 6

This is the energy needed to change the state of 1kg without the temperature changing.

Question 7

What is the equation for specific latent heat?

Answer 7

Energy = mass x SLH

Question 8

What is condition?

Answer 8

This mainly occurs in solids and the heat is passed on by vibrating particles passing the KE on

Question 9

What is convection?

Answer 9

This happens in liquids and gases and when the particles rise when heated then cool and sink

Question 10

What makes objects emit and absorb more energy?

Answer 10

• Rough surfaces

- Matt and darker colours

Question 11

What are some ways of saving energy in a home?

Answer 11

• loft insulation
• double glazing
• thick curtains
• wall insulation

Question 12

What can show you the efficiency of your home?

Answer 12

Thermograms (white = warmest and black = coldest)

Question 13

How do you work out the efficiency?

Answer 13

Efficiency = useful energy output / total energy input (x100)

Question 14

What happens to the energy input of machines?

Answer 14

Some is used as a useful energy output and some is waste energy

Question 15

What diagram can you use to show what happens to the energy of an application?

Answer 15

Sankey diagram

Question 16

What is the wavelength?

Answer 16

This is from one crest to another

Question 17

What is the amplitude?

Answer 17

From the rest position to the crest.

Question 18

What is the equation for wave speed?

Answer 18

Speed = frequency x wavelength

Question 19

Why is light reflected?

Answer 19

So you can see objects

Question 20

What is the law of the reflection?

Answer 20

Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection

Question 21

What is total internal reflection?

Answer 21

If the total internal reflection is greater than the critical angle light will be reflected

Question 22

What is diffraction?

Answer 22

This is the spreading out of waves when they go through a gap

Question 23

What is refraction?

Answer 23

This is when light hits a denser material at an angle, changing its angle

Question 24

What characteristics do lasers have?

Answer 24

• Monochromatic (in one colour and phase)
• Intense beat (increase in amplitude with same wavelength)
• Low divergence (very small ray)

Question 25

How do lasers read digital information?

Answer 25

In the CD there are lands and pits which represents on and off and the laser can detect this.

Question 26

How can infrared be used to control electrical equipment?

Answer 26

This sends impulses to the equipment giving instructions on what to do

Question 27

How are radio waves used for communications?

Answer 27

The short wave radio waves reflect of the ionosphere The long wave radio waves diffract around the earth They can refract off the ionosphere making them travel further

Question 28

How are microwaves used for communication?

Answer 28

They are used for satellite communication because they can easily go through clouds and water vapour

Question 29

What are EM receivers?

Answer 29

These collect the information

Question 30

What are the two types of signals?

Answer 30

Analogue and digital

Question 31

What is the interference like on analogue signals?

Answer 31

There is much more as there is able to be much more on a wave

Question 32

What is the interference like on digital signals?

Answer 32

There is less interference because there is only on and off and it's only on them

Question 33

What radiation causes skin cancer?

Answer 33

Ultraviolet radiation

Question 34

What does the sun protection factor show (SPF)?

Answer 34

If it is FPS 15 it means that you will last 15 times longer

Question 35

How is the ozone layer broken down?

Answer 35

CFCs from fridges and aerosols break down ozone to oxygen which means ionising radiation is let in

Question 36

Where is there a hole in the ozone layer?

Answer 36

Over Antarctica

Question 37

What do earthquakes cause?

Answer 37

Seismic waves

Question 38

What are long longitudinal waves?

Answer 38

P waves are the vibration that travel the same way as the wave direction

Question 39

What are transverse waves?

Answer 39

S waves that vibrations are at right angles to the wave direction

Question 40

What are the characteristics of p waves?

Answer 40

Travel fast so they can travel through solids and liquids

Question 41

What are the characteristics of S waves?

Answer 41

They are slow meaning they can only travel through solids