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Physics P2 > P2 > Flashcards

P2 Flashcards

1
Q

Whenever two objects interact, the forces they exert on each other are?

A

Equal and opposite.

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2
Q

A number of forces acting at a point may be replaced by a single force that has the same effect on the motion as the original forces all acting together. This single force is called?

A

The resultant force.

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3
Q

A resultant force acting on an object may cause a change in its state of?

A

Rest or motion.

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4
Q

The velocity of an object is?

A

its speed in a given direction.

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5
Q

When a vehicle travels at a steady speed the resistive forces?

A

balance the driving force.

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6
Q

The greater the speed of a vehicle the?

A

greater the braking force needed to stop it in a certain distance.

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7
Q

The faster an object moves through a fluid the

A

greater the frictional force that acts on it.

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8
Q

Explain Terminal Velocity?

A

When the resultant force reaches 0 and the object is moving as fast as it will go.

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9
Q

A force applied to an elastic object such as a spring will?

A

result in the object stretching and generate elastic potential energy.

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10
Q

When an object speeds up or slows down, its kinetic energy

A

increases or decreases.

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11
Q

The momentum of an object is the product of

A

the object’s mass and velocity

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12
Q

When a force causes an object to move through a distance

A

work is done.

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13
Q

W is the work done in

A

in joules, J

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14
Q

F is the force applied in

A

newtons, N

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15
Q

Gravitational potential energy is the energy that an object

A

Generates the higher they move a away from the attracting object. (To a certain point.)

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16
Q

The current in an electric circuit depends on

A

the resistance of the components and the supply.

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17
Q

When certain insulating materials are rubbed against each other they become electrically charged. Negatively charged electrons are

A

rubbed off one material and onto the other.

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18
Q

Name three wires in a three-core cable?

A

Earth
Neutral
Live

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19
Q

How does RCCB stop you from getting electrocuted?

A

Sense the drop in the current and cuts the circuit

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20
Q

Radioactive decay can b triggered by certain chemical reactions
True or false?

A

True

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21
Q

What does a negative value for acceleration mean?

A

Deceleration

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22
Q

What happens to the gradient of the line on a distance time graph if the speed increases

A

Gradient increases

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23
Q

How can an objects travelling at a steady speed b accelerating?

A

By changing its direction

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24
Q

What part of a velocity time graph represents distance travelled?

A

Area between the line drawn on the x axis. (Area drawn in squares on the graph) and the shape made by the velocity per second,

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25
Q

What happens to an object moving at a steady speed if the resultant force on it is 0

A

The objects continues to move at a steady speed

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26
Q

When will a resultant force cause a deceleration

A

When the opposing force is acting in the opposite direction to the motion

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27
Q

What happens to the acceleration of an object as the resultant force increases?

A

The acceleration increases

28
Q

What does Hooke’s law state?

A

The extension of a spring or wire is directly proportional to the force applied provided the limit of proportionality is not exceeded.

29
Q

When is work done by a force?

A

Work is done whenever a force moves something over a distance.

30
Q

What is the relationship between work and energy?

A

Work done = energy transferred

31
Q

What is the unit of power?

A

W or watts

32
Q

What is the unit of momentum?

A

Kgm/s or m/s

33
Q

Why is a gymnast less likely to injure herself if she lands on a thick foam then if she lands on a hard floor?

A

A foam Matt increases the impact time. The hard floor does not absorb the impact as well.

34
Q

In terms of electrons, how does an insulator become positively charged?

A

It loses electrons

35
Q

What’s sort of force will there be between two negatively charged objects

A

A repelling force

36
Q

What is an ohmic conductor?

A

A conductor that obeys ohms law

37
Q

What is ohms law?

A

(volt, V) = current (ampere, A) × resistance (ohm, Ω )

V/I R triangle where i is amps

38
Q

Explain the shape on a line on a current potential difference graph for a diode

A

It will stop at a certain value because it’s travelling the opposite direction.

39
Q

A series circuit contains a variable resistor. If it’s resistance increases what happens to the potential difference (Volts/V) across it?

A

The potential difference across it increases

40
Q

Where should an ammeter and a volt meter b placed in a circuit to measure the current through?

A

The ammeter should b placed in series and the voltmeter in parallel with the resistor/lightbulb

41
Q

What is the potential difference of the mains supply?

A

230v

42
Q

What is the frequency of mains supply

A

50 Hz

43
Q

What is the peak voltage of mains supply?

A

+/- 325V

44
Q

What colour is the neutral wire?

A

Blue

45
Q

What does the cover on an earth wire look like?

A

It has green and yellow stripes

46
Q

Why is the outer cover of a three pin plug made of plastic?

A

Plastic is a good electrical insulator

47
Q

What is the unit of charge?

A

Coulomb, C

48
Q

What is a circuit breaker?

A

An electromagnet switch that opens and cuts off the supply of the current is bigger than a certain value

49
Q

What is the effect of pressure of the rate of radioactive decay

A

No effect

50
Q

Background radiation?

A

Radiation that is around us all the time

51
Q

What was Rutherfords Alpha particle scattering experiment

A

Firing alpha atoms at a thin metal foil

52
Q

What happens the mass number of a nucleus when it emits a beta atom?

A

It stays the same

53
Q

What happens to the atomic number of a nucleus when it emits a beta atom?

A

It goes up by 1

54
Q

What happens to a atomic number of a nucleus when it emits an alpha particle

A

It goes down by 2

55
Q

What happens to the mass number of a nucleus when it emits an alpha particle

A

It goes down by 4

56
Q

Why is gamma radiation not deflected by electric and magnetic fields?

A

Gamma radiation is uncharged

57
Q

What has happened to the number of atoms undergoing nuclear decay in a sample after three half lives has past

A

Decreased to one 8th of a original value

58
Q

Why is alpha radiation unsuitable for monitoring the thickness of metal foil

A

Alpha radiation will not b able to pass through the foil

59
Q

What is a fissionable isotope?

A

An isotope that can undergo the process of fission

60
Q

Which two fissionable isotopes are used in nuclear reactors

A

Uranium

Plutonium

61
Q

When does a chain reaction occur?

A

When each fission event causes further fission events

62
Q

What is nuclear fission

A

The process of forcing two nuclei close enough together so they form a single larger nucleus

63
Q

How can nuclei be made to come close enough to fuse

A

Can b brought about by making two light nuclei collide at very high speed

64
Q

How long did it take for the temperature of the universe to fall enough so that uncharged atoms are formed

A

Millions of years

65
Q

Why is a black hole black

A

Light can’t escape its gravity

66
Q

When is a Black hole formed

A

After a supernova if the star’s mass is big enough

67
Q

What is voltage (V)

A

Potential difference across a component in a circuit is measured using a voltmeter (Electrical pressure)

Physics P2 (1 decks)

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