Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CHEM Unit 2 Nature’s Chemistry > P2- Everday Consumer Products > Flashcards

P2- Everday Consumer Products Flashcards

1
Q

Alcohol

A

Alkane where one of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by an -OH group (hydroxyl group which is the functional group)
Replace e with ol
Same structure as alkanes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Functional group

A

Part of hydrocarbon molecule that gives its characteristic reactivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

First 8 alcohols

A

Methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, pentanol, hexanol, heptanol, octanol
Molecular: CH3OH, C2H5OH, C3H7OH, C4H9OH, C5H11OH, C6H13OH, C7H15OH, C8H17OH
Shortened: CH30H, CH3CH2OH, CH3CH2CH2OH, CH3CH2C2CH2HOH, CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH, CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2OH, CH3CH2CH2CH2C2CH2CH2CH2OH
Same structure as alkanes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Homologous series

A

A family of compounds with the same general formula, similar chemical properties and gradually changing physical properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Alcohol general formula

A

CnH2n+1OH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Uses of alcohols

A

Alcoholic drinks (ethanol)
Solvents
Fuels because highly flammable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Miscibility

A

How well a substance can dissolve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Miscibility of alcohols

A

First 3 are miscible with water
Larger the molecule, lower the miscbility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Alcohol isomers

A

Position of hydroxyl group changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Naming alcohols

A

Alkane prefix- position of functional group- ol
Count from side closest to functional group along longest chain alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Carboxylic acid

A

Alkane where end hydrogen atom replaced with a -COOH group - carboxyl group which is the functional group of carboxylic acids
Undergo neutralisation reactions with bases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

First 8 carboxylic acids

A

Methanoic, ethanoic, propanoic, butanoic, pentanoic, hexanoic, heptanoic, octanoic
Molecular: HCOOH, CH3COOH, C2H5COOH, C3H7COOH, C4H9COOH, C5H11COOH, C6H13COOH, C7H15COOH
Short: HCOOH, CH3COOH, CH3CH2COOH, CH3CH2CH2OOH, CH3CH2CH2CH2COOH, CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2COOH, CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2COOH, CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2COOH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Carboxylic acid general formula

A

CnH2n+1COOH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Carboxylic acid + metal

A

Salt + hydrogen

Eg
Ethanoic acid + magnesium — magnesium ethanoate + hydrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Carboxylic acid + metal oxide

A

Salt + water

Eg
Methanoic acid + sodium oxide — sodium methanoate + water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Carboxylic acid + metal hydroxide

A

Salt + water

Eg
Propanoic acid + potassium hydroxide — potassium propanoate + water

17
Q

Carboxylic acid + metal carbonate

A

Salt + water + carbon dioxide

Eg
Ethanoic acid + lithium carbonate — lithium ethanoate + water + carbon dioxide

18
Q

Carboxylic acid physical properties

A

Boiling and melting point increase because as the number of carbon atoms and the size of the molecule increases, the intermolecular forces also increase so more heat energy is required to separate the molecules
pH below 7
Weak acids because partially ionised in solution
First 4 soluble in water then solubility decreases

19
Q

Carboxylic acid properties

A

Dissolve in water to produce acidic solutions

CHEM Unit 2 Nature’s Chemistry (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions