P2 Thermal physics Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is the definition of temperature?
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.
True or False: Heat and temperature are the same thing.
False
Fill in the blank: The unit of temperature in the SI system is __________.
Kelvin
What is thermal energy?
Thermal energy is the total energy of all the particles in a substance.
What is the process of transferring heat through direct contact called?
Conduction
What is the primary method of heat transfer in fluids?
Convection
Name the three methods of heat transfer.
Conduction, convection, and radiation.
True or False: Radiation requires a medium to transfer heat.
False
What is the specific heat capacity?
The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 degree Celsius.
Fill in the blank: The formula to calculate heat transfer is Q = __________.
mcΔT
What does the symbol ‘m’ represent in the heat transfer formula?
Mass of the substance.
What is latent heat?
The amount of heat energy required to change the state of a substance without changing its temperature.
True or False: Latent heat is involved during phase changes.
True
What is the latent heat of fusion?
The heat required to convert a unit mass of a solid into a liquid at its melting point.
What is the latent heat of vaporization?
The heat required to convert a unit mass of a liquid into a gas at its boiling point.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a method of heat transfer? A) Conduction B) Convection C) Insulation D) Radiation
C) Insulation
What is the purpose of a thermocouple?
To measure temperature.
Fill in the blank: The principle of __________ states that heat flows from a hotter object to a cooler one.
Thermodynamics
What is absolute zero?
The theoretical temperature at which a system’s entropy reaches its minimum value, equivalent to 0 Kelvin.
True or False: At absolute zero, all molecular motion stops.
True
What is the relationship between pressure and temperature in gases, according to Gay-Lussac’s Law?
Pressure is directly proportional to temperature when volume is constant.
What happens to the volume of a gas when its temperature increases at constant pressure?
The volume increases.
Multiple Choice: Which gas law describes the relationship between pressure and volume? A) Charles’s Law B) Boyle’s Law C) Gay-Lussac’s Law D) Avogadro’s Law
B) Boyle’s Law
What is thermal equilibrium?
The state in which two objects in thermal contact reach the same temperature.
