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Isaac's Physics > P3 > Flashcards

P3 Flashcards

1
Q

What does matter contain?

What is in what it contain?

A

Matter contains charges

Atoms contain positive protons and negative electrons.

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2
Q

Components are either ….. or …..

And what do these terms mean

A

Linear - constant resistance straight line I-V characteristic
Non-Linear - curved I-V characteristic

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3
Q

`What are the three I-V characteristic graphs

Draw them on a permanent flashcard and name some features of the graphs`

A

Resistors
Filament Lamp
Diode

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4
Q

What is a thermistor

What is an LDR

A 
Thermistor = Temperature-dependent resistors
LDR = Light-dependent resistors
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5
Q

Name a feature of a Diode

A

Current only flows in one direction.

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6
Q

Brief note of what potential difference is.

A

Work done per unit charge

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7
Q

Name the two circuits

A

Series and Parallel

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8
Q

What is special about a series circuit?

A

Everything is in a line

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9
Q

In a series circuit how is the potential difference, current and resistance distributed?

A

P.D in shared (adds up equally to get overall voltage)
Current is the same of each ammeter
Resistance adds up

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10
Q

What is special about a parallel circuit?

A

Independence and Isolation (separate branches)

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11
Q

In a parallel circuit how is the potential difference, current and resistance distributed?

A

P.D is the same across all branches
Current is shared between branches with branches
Resistance, the more resistors in parallel, the higher the current but the lower the net resistance.

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12
Q

Series circuit and resistance change

2 bits

A

The bigger the resistance of one of the components, the bigger its share of p.d is
One resistance component changes, the p.d across all the components will change

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13
Q

Parallel circuit and resistance change

A

Two components in parallel if the resistance of one of the components changes then the current through that branch will change

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14
Q

Magnets produce what?

A

Magnetic fields

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15
Q

How can one work out the directions of magnetic fields?

A

Using compasses

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16
Q

Magnets can be permanent or induced. What do these terms mean?

A

Permanent magnets produce their own magnetic field

Induced magnets are magnetic materials that turn into a magnet when they’re put into a magnetic field.

17
Q

What does a moving charge create?

A

A magnetic field

18
Q

How can you show the current and magnetic field?

A

The Right-Hand Thumb Rule

19
Q

What is a solenoid?

How can you increase the magnetic field strength with a solenoid? (2)

A

A coil of wire

Increasing the number of coils and decreasing area of cross section, so coils are closer together.

20
Q

Fleming’s left-hand rule is used to find the direction of a force. Show the left hand rule. What does each finger represent.

A

check
Thumb = direction of force
First finger = direction of magnetic field
Second finger = direction of current

21
Q

Two uses of electrical motors.

A

Factories
Electrical vehicles
Household appliances

22
Q

What is electromagnetic induction?

A

The induction of a potential difference across a conductor which is experiencing a change in magnetic field.

23
Q

Alternators generate what?

A

Alternating current

24
Q

Dynamos generate what?

A

Direct current

25
Q

Show a d.c. trace graph with axes

Show a a.c. trace graph with axes

A

Revision guide

26
Q

How do loudspeakers work?

A

Using magnets and a solenoid creates a back and forth motion, a motor effect.

27
Q

Moving coil microphones generate what?

A

Current from sound waves.

28
Q

Transformers change the potential difference - but only for which current.

A

Alternating.

29
Q

Name the two types of transformers and what they do.

A

Step up transformers - Steps the potential difference up, there are more turns on the secondary coil than the primary coil.
Step down transformers - Steps the potential difference down, there are more turns on the primary coil than the secondary.

30
Q

What is special about transformers?

A

They are almost 100% efficient meaning you can assume energy is conserved in them.

31
Q

Ratio between potential difference across primary and secondary coil has the same ratio as number of turns in the primary and secondary coil. Show this equation.

A

V= voltage

Vp/Vs=Np/Ns

32
Q

What is it called when charges build up on objects?

A

Static electricity

33
Q

What is the force between two charged objects known as? (2)

A 
Electrostatic attraction (if they attract)
Electrostatic repulsion (if they repel)
34
Q

What is an electric field?

What effects the strength of it.

A

An electric field is space surrounding any electric charge, where its effects can be felt.
Strength of an electric field depends on the size of the charge and how far you are from the charge.

35
Q

What can only flow around a closed circuit?

A

Current

36
Q

What factor affects resistance?

A

Length of a wire

Isaac's Physics (6 decks)

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