p332 Flashcards
congenital hypothyroidism Tx. What and when to be given?
The goal of newborn screening programs is to detect and start treatment within the first 1-2
weeks of life. Treatment consists of a daily dose of thyroxine, available as a small tablet.
Which one of the following bilirubin levels would prompt phototherapy? a) 6 mg/dL at 30 hours b) 12 mg/dL at 48 hours c) 21 mg/dL at 72 hours d) 15 mg/dL at 96 hours e) 8 mg/dL at 24 hours
c) 21 mg/dL at 72 hours
Based on recent recommendations of AAP, bilirubin levels upto 17-18 mg/dl may be
accepted as normal in term healthy newborns.
Anything out of this range is considered pathological jaundice.
Who to give exchange transfusion among neonatal jaundice
This is indicated in all children with bilirubin-induced neurologic dysfunction(BIND) or those who reach the threshold of >20 mg/dL (340 μmol/L) known as
“vigintiphobia” because of its concerning association with neurological damage.
Mention criterion for obesity in children
BMI > 95th percentile for age and sex
Children with a BMI between the __th and __th
percentile are considered overweight. In adults, an individual with a BMI > __ kg/m² is
considered obese.
85 - 95
6-month-old infant is brought to the office by his parents because of intermittent swelling
in his right scrotum…
When to perform herniorrhaphy?
Herniorrhaphy should be scheduled at the earliest convenient time.
Don’t delay it!
About umbilical hernias in children: T/F
most of them Need strapping
F
About umbilical hernias in children: T/F
most of them Require elective surgery
F
About umbilical hernias in children: T/F
most of them Resolve spontaneously
T
They can safely be managed with observation and most will usually resolve spontaneously by the time the child reaches 1-3 years of age. If an
umbilical hernia persists beyond then, surgical repair should be considered.
the most common
causes of neonatal intestinal obstruction. are:
Duodenal atresia, midgut malrotation and volvulus,
jejunoileal atresia, meconium ileus and necrotizing enterocolitis..
do not choose “Antral web” sheisse!
Meconium ileus: failure to pass the first stool in neonates (meconium usually passes within the first 24–48 hours after birth)
Etiology: _____________ is the cause in > 90% of cases.
: Cystic fibrosis
at physical examination, difference against
Necrotizing enterocolitis
Vs
duodenal and jejunoileal atresia
Necrotizing enterocolitis:
is accompanied by abdominal distension and visible and/or palpable loops of bowel.
infant with duodenal atresia typically has a scaphoid abdomen
What sign do these three have in common ?
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Intact blisters extend laterally with gentle pressure (Nikolsky’s sign).
Causes of
SSSS vs scarlet fever
scarlet fever: is a syndrome caused by infection with toxin-producing group A β‑hemolytic streptococci (Streptococcus pyogenes, GAS)
SSSS caused by the exfoliative toxins of Staphylococcus aureus
age group affected
SSSS vs scarlet fever
SSSS; 6 months and 5 years of age
scarlet fever: affects children between the ages of 5-15 y
