P3.5 Kinetic theory and gases Flashcards
(16 cards)
What are the three states of matter?
Solids, liquids and gases
What form of matter has the strongest bonds between particles?
Solids
What is the temperature of a gas a measure of?
The average kinetic energy of the particles in the gas
What happens to temperature as the kinetic energy of particles increases?
It increases
What is pressure?
Force per unit area
What is pressure measured in?
pascals, (Pa)
Why does increasing temperature increase the pressure of a gas?
It makes the particles move faster, which means that:
- there are more collisions with the walls of the container
- the particles hit the container with a greater force
How do you calculate pressure?
Force / area
1 N/ m^2
What temperature is absolute zero in degrees?
-273^C
What temperature is absolute zero in Kelvins?
0K
What happens to pressure when a gas reaches absolute zero?
There is no more pressure because the particles stop moving
How do you convert a temperature from Kelvin to Celsius?
-273
How do you convert a temperature from Celsius to Kelvin?
+273
What is the average kinetic energy of particles in a gas directly proportional to?
The Kelvin temperature of a gas
What happens to pressure as the volume of a gas increases at a constant temperature?
It decreases
What equation is used to calculate initial or final temperature, pressure and volume?
(P^1 x V^1) / T^1 = (P^2 x V^2) / T^2
