P5

Question 1

Vectors

Answer 1

Quantities that have a magnitude and direction

Question 2

Scalars

Answer 2

Quantities that only have a magnitude

Question 3

Vector Examples

Answer 3

Force, velocity, displacement, acceleration, momentum

Question 4

Scalar Examples

Answer 4

Speed, distance, mass, temperature, time

Question 5

Contact Forces

Answer 5

A force that requires 2 objects to be touching

Question 6

Non-Contact Forces

Answer 6

A force that does not require 2 objects to be touching

Question 7

Contact Force Examples

Answer 7

Friction, air resistance, tension

Question 8

Non-Contact Force Examples

Answer 8

Magnetism, gravity, electrostatic forces

Question 9

Weight

Answer 9

The force acting on an object due to gravity

Question 10

Mass

Answer 10

The amount of ‘stuff’ in an object

Question 11

Weight Equation

Answer 11

Weight (N) = Mass (kg) x Gravitational Field Strength (N/kg)

Question 12

Earth’s Gravitational Field Strength

Answer 12

9.8N/kg

Question 13

Resultant Force

Answer 13

The overall force on a point or object

Question 14

Extension Equation

Answer 14

Force (N) = Spring Constant (N/m) x Extension (m)

Question 15

Moment Equation

Answer 15

Moment (Nm) = Force (N) x Distance (m)

Question 16

Moment

Answer 16

The turning effect of a force

Question 17

Pressure Equation

Answer 17

Pressure (Pa) = Force (N) / Area (m)

Question 18

Pressure Of A Liquid Equation

Answer 18

Pressure (Pa) = Height (m) x Density (kg/m) x Field strength (N/kg)

Question 19

Upthrust

Answer 19

Force on an object. If it is equal to the object’s weight, it will float. If the upthrust is less than the weight, it will sink

Question 20

Floating

Answer 20

Depends on the density of the solid compared to the density of the liquid

Question 21

Atmospheric Pressure

Answer 21

Created on a surface by air molecules. Decreases with height

Question 22

Distance

Answer 22

How far an object has moved. It is a scalar quantity

Question 23

Displacement

Answer 23

Vector quantity. Measures distance and direction in a straight line from A to B

Question 24

Walking Speed

Answer 24

1.5m/s

Question 25

Acceleration Equation

Answer 25

Acceleration (m/s) = Change in velocity (m/s) / Time (s)

Question 26

Uniform Acceleration Equation

Answer 26

2 x Acceleration x Distance = Final velocity^2 - Initial velocity^2

Question 27

Distance Time Graph Gradient

Answer 27

Tells you the speed

Question 28

Velocity Time Graph Gradient

Answer 28

Tells you the acceleration

Question 29

Friction

Answer 29

Force between 2 surfaces in contact. Acts in the opposite direction to movement

Question 30

Drag

Answer 30

Resistance in air or fluid

Question 31

Terminal Velocity

Answer 31

The fastest speed that an object can travel. Happens when friction and acceleration forces are equal

Question 32

Newton's First Law

Answer 32

If the resultant force on a stationary object is zero, the object will remain stationary. If the resultant force on a moving object is zero, it'll carry on moving at the same velocity

Question 33

Newton's Second Law

Answer 33

Acceleration is proportional to the resultant force

Question 34

Resultant Force Equation

Answer 34

Resultant Force (N) = Mass (kg) x Acceleration (m/s)

Question 35

Newton's Third Law

Answer 35

When two objects interact, the forces they exert on each other are equal and opposite

Question 36

Inertia

Answer 36

The tendency for motion to remain unchanged

Question 37

Stopping Distance Equation

Answer 37

Stopping Distance = Thinking Distance + Breaking Distance

Question 38

Thinking Distance Factors

Answer 38

Speed, reaction time, alcohol, drugs

Question 39

Breaking Distance Factors

Answer 39

Speed, weather, tyre condition, brake quality

Question 40

Momentum Equation

Answer 40

Momentum (kg m/s) = Mass (kg) x Velocity (m/s)

Question 41

50mph Distances

Answer 41

Thinking = 15m, Breaking = 38m

Question 42

Momentum

Answer 42

How much 'oomph' an object has. In a close system it is always conserved

Question 43

Change In Momentum Equation

Answer 43

Force (N) = Change in momentum (kg m/s) / Change in time (s)

Question 44

Crumple Zone

Answer 44

Area on a car designed to crumple, increasing the time it takes the car to stop

Question 45

Seat Belts

Answer 45

Stretchy meaning that it takes longer for the wearer to stop in the event of an accident

Question 46

Air Bags

Answer 46

Initiate before you hit the dashboard of a car. Slows you down gradually