P6 identifies Flashcards
(20 cards)
100th meridian
imaginary line from the Dakotas to Texas dividing the East and the West. Arid vs less arid
barbed wire
The invention of barbed wire by Joseph Glidden in 1874 helped farmers to fence in their lands on the lumber-scarce plains. This was another factor that closed down the cattle frontier was the arrival of homesteaders, who used barbed wire fencing to cut off access to the formerly open range.
Dry farming
due to lack of rainfall on the plains farmers developed this technique to conserve limited moisture during dry weather by reducing or even eliminating runoff and evaporation, thereby increasing soil absorption and retention of moisture.
National Grange Movement
In response to low crop prices and railroad problems, the National Grange Movement emerged in 1868. The Grange soon became a political force, pushing for laws to regulate railroad rates and abusive corporate practices.
Munn v. Illinois
Munn is one of the more significant cases coming out of Illinois as it affirmed the government’s right to regulate public utilities
Farmers’ alliance
organization that united farmers at the statewide and regional level; policy goals of this organization included more readily available farm credits and federal regulation of the railroads.
Safety Valve Theory
The safety valve theory held that having open lands in the West was important to draw off excess, unnecessary people from Eastern cities. If cities got too overcrowded and jobs too scarce, these people would cause trouble. The West was an area to send them where they could learn to farm and dissipate their discontent.
Plains Wars
Series of conflicts from the early 1850s through the late 1870s between Native Americans and the U.S. and its Indian allies over control of the Great Plains between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains.
Ghost Dance
ate 19th-century religious movements that represented an attempt of Native Americans in the western United States to rehabilitate their traditional cultures.
Carlisle School
Pennsylvania school for Indians funded by the government; children were separated from their tribe and were taught Engilsh and white values/customs. Motto of founder: “Kill the Indian and save the man.” 1879
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
ended the mexican american war
Tenant Farmers
Farmers whom rented the land they farmed in
Sharecroppers
Sharecropping is a type of farming in which families rent small plots of land from a landowner in return for a portion of their crop, to be given to the landowner at the end of each year.
Jim Crow laws
tate and local laws introduced in the Southern United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries that enforced racial segregation,
Civil Rights Cases of 1883
The Civil Rights Cases, 109 U.S. 3 (1883), were a group of five landmark cases in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments did not empower Congress to outlaw racial discrimination by private individuals.
Ida B. Wells
led an anti-lynching crusade in the United States in the 1890s.
W.E.B. Du Bois
the first African American PhD from Harvard, and a founder of the NAACP. He supported efforts for civil rights, opposed Booker T. Washington’s Atlanta Compromise, and played a significant role in the Harlem Renaissance and Pan-Africanism
Mail-order companies,
sells or manages mail order advertising or a mail-order business. A company that creates letters to send out to customers encouraging them to buy something via the mail is an example of a mail-order house. (Sears)
Packaged foods
packaged food under such brand names as Kellogg and Post became common items in American homes
consumerism
Consumerism is the propensity to consume and keep consuming. It is the drive to buy and own more stuff and to define one’s identity through what they own.
