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Physics > P6: Molecules and Matter > Flashcards

P6: Molecules and Matter Flashcards

1
Q

What is the equation to work out density

A

Mass/Volume

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2
Q

What is the correct standard unit of density

A

kg/m3
Kilograms per metres cubed

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3
Q

How do we work out internal energy

A

Combine the kinetic energy with the potential energy

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4
Q

What happens as we increase internal energy

A

Both kinetic energy and potential energy increase. This causes a temperature rise

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5
Q

What happens if we heat something

A

More energy is transferred

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6
Q

What is it called when particles in a substance are constant

A

Brownian Motion

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7
Q

How do we work out specific heat capacity

A

Energy / (Temperature X Mass)

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8
Q

What is specific heat capacity measured in

A

J/Kg 0 c
Joules per kilogram degree Celsius

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9
Q

What is specific latent heat of fusion

A

Amount of energy needed to turn a solid into a liquid

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10
Q

What happens if increase the temperature of a gas

A

If we have a container full of gas, as temperature increases, pressure increases

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11
Q

What is density

A

The mass per unit volume of a substance

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12
Q

How do we work out the volume of a regularly shaped object

A

Width X Height X Depth

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13
Q

What is everything made of

A

Particles

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14
Q

What is internal energy

A

The total energy stored by particles of a substance

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15
Q

What is the specific latent heat of vaporisation

A

Amount of energy needed to turn a liquid into a gas

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16
Q

What are the units of specific latent heat

A

J/Kg
Joules per kilogram

17
Q

What can the movement of particles be known as

A

Random

18
Q

What is specific latent heat

A

The energy transferred to or from a substance as it changes state

19
Q

What does the Law of Displacement mean

A

An object submerged in a fluid replaces the amount of fluid equal to the volume

20
Q

Order solid liquid gas from least dense to dense, starting with least dense

A

Gas, liquid, solid

21
Q

What is the temperature of our body

A

A measure of energy in kinetic stores of particles

22
Q

What happens if we increase body temperature

A

Kinetic energy stores of body’s particles are increased and internal energy stores of body’s particles are also increased

23
Q

What is specific heat capacity

A

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of that substance by 1 degrees Celsius

24
Q

How can we increase the internal energy of our body

A

A heater, via a joulemeter.

25
Q

How do we measure our body temperature

A

Measure the start and maximum body temperature at the end

26
Q

What happens when we heat a liquid

A

When heating a liquid, particles move energetically until they have enough energy to completely escape from forces between them. Particles become a gas and move freely. The temperature needed for this to happen is the boiling point. We call this vaporisation

27
Q

What happens when we melt a solid

A

When a solid turns into a liquid, solid particles vibrate energetically until having enough energy to overcome forces between them. This is when it melts. The temperature needed for this to happen is the melting point. We call this fusion

28
Q

What do we call it when a liquid changes to a gas, and vice versa

A

Latent heat of vaporisation

29
Q

What do we call it when a solid changes to a liquid and vice versa

A

Latent heat of fusion

30
Q

Do we measure specific latent heat

A

No

31
Q

How can we determine water as our specific latent heat of fusion

A

Use the equation
Energy/Mass

  1. Gently heat the ice funnel until it melts.Then measure the mass of that
  2. Measure the amount of energy supplied by the heater via a joulemeter
  3. Finally calculate the specific latent heat of fusion
32
Q

How can we determine water as our specific latent heat of vaporisation

A

Use the equation
Energy/Mass

  1. Measure the mass of water in a beaker
  2. Boil the water, then measure the mass of water again
  3. Use the equation
    Change of mass = Start mass - End mass
  4. Using a joulemeter, measure the energy amount supplied by a heater
  5. Finally calculate the specific latent heat of vaporisation
33
Q

What are gases like in containers

A

They exert pressure on container walls. Lots of gas particles collide with the container per second.

When colliding with the container walls, the momentum changes and it bounces back off the wall

This exerts a force on the particle and wall

Pressure exerted on a wall is equal to the force (of ball) per unit area (wall hit)

34
Q

How do we calculate constant

A

Pressure X Volume

35
Q

What is the change of momentum

A

Impulse

36
Q

How do we calculate the momentum

A

Mass X Velocity

37
Q

What happens when force in a particle is increased

A

The surface area remains the same, but the pressure increases

38
Q

What does the pressure of a gas produce

A

A net force (sum of all forces) at right angles to container walls

39
Q

What happens if the temperature of a gas is increased with a fixed volume

A

Particles collide with the container walls with more force. Therefore the pressure is increased. The container then expands (increase volume) if able to as the gas pushes it outwards

Physics (7 decks)

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