P6: Molecules and Matter

Question 1

What is the equation to work out density

Answer 1

Mass/Volume

Question 2

What is the correct standard unit of density

Answer 2

kg/m3
Kilograms per metres cubed

Question 3

How do we work out internal energy

Answer 3

Combine the kinetic energy with the potential energy

Question 4

What happens as we increase internal energy

Answer 4

Both kinetic energy and potential energy increase. This causes a temperature rise

Question 5

What happens if we heat something

Answer 5

More energy is transferred

Question 6

What is it called when particles in a substance are constant

Answer 6

Brownian Motion

Question 7

How do we work out specific heat capacity

Answer 7

Energy / (Temperature X Mass)

Question 8

What is specific heat capacity measured in

Answer 8

J/Kg 0 c
Joules per kilogram degree Celsius

Question 9

What is specific latent heat of fusion

Answer 9

Amount of energy needed to turn a solid into a liquid

Question 10

What happens if increase the temperature of a gas

Answer 10

If we have a container full of gas, as temperature increases, pressure increases

Question 11

What is density

Answer 11

The mass per unit volume of a substance

Question 12

How do we work out the volume of a regularly shaped object

Answer 12

Width X Height X Depth

Question 13

What is everything made of

Answer 13

Particles

Question 14

What is internal energy

Answer 14

The total energy stored by particles of a substance

Question 15

What is the specific latent heat of vaporisation

Answer 15

Amount of energy needed to turn a liquid into a gas

Question 16

What are the units of specific latent heat

Answer 16

J/Kg
Joules per kilogram

Question 17

What can the movement of particles be known as

Answer 17

Random

Question 18

What is specific latent heat

Answer 18

The energy transferred to or from a substance as it changes state

Question 19

What does the Law of Displacement mean

Answer 19

An object submerged in a fluid replaces the amount of fluid equal to the volume

Question 20

Order solid liquid gas from least dense to dense, starting with least dense

Answer 20

Gas, liquid, solid

Question 21

What is the temperature of our body

Answer 21

A measure of energy in kinetic stores of particles

Question 22

What happens if we increase body temperature

Answer 22

Kinetic energy stores of body’s particles are increased and internal energy stores of body’s particles are also increased

Question 23

What is specific heat capacity

Answer 23

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of that substance by 1 degrees Celsius

Question 24

How can we increase the internal energy of our body

Answer 24

A heater, via a joulemeter.

Question 25

How do we measure our body temperature

Answer 25

Measure the start and maximum body temperature at the end

Question 26

What happens when we heat a liquid

Answer 26

When heating a liquid, particles move energetically until they have enough energy to completely escape from forces between them. Particles become a gas and move freely. The temperature needed for this to happen is the boiling point. We call this vaporisation

Question 27

What happens when we melt a solid

Answer 27

When a solid turns into a liquid, solid particles vibrate energetically until having enough energy to overcome forces between them. This is when it melts. The temperature needed for this to happen is the melting point. We call this fusion

Question 28

What do we call it when a liquid changes to a gas, and vice versa

Answer 28

Latent heat of vaporisation

Question 29

What do we call it when a solid changes to a liquid and vice versa

Answer 29

Latent heat of fusion

Question 30

Do we measure specific latent heat

Answer 30

No

Question 31

How can we determine water as our specific latent heat of fusion

Answer 31

Use the equation Energy/Mass 1. Gently heat the ice funnel until it melts.Then measure the mass of that 2. Measure the amount of energy supplied by the heater via a joulemeter 3. Finally calculate the specific latent heat of fusion

Question 32

How can we determine water as our specific latent heat of vaporisation

Answer 32

Use the equation Energy/Mass 1. Measure the mass of water in a beaker 2. Boil the water, then measure the mass of water again 3. Use the equation Change of mass = Start mass - End mass 4. Using a joulemeter, measure the energy amount supplied by a heater 5. Finally calculate the specific latent heat of vaporisation

Question 33

What are gases like in containers

Answer 33

They exert pressure on container walls. Lots of gas particles collide with the container per second. When colliding with the container walls, the momentum changes and it bounces back off the wall This exerts a force on the particle and wall Pressure exerted on a wall is equal to the force (of ball) per unit area (wall hit)

Question 34

How do we calculate constant

Answer 34

Pressure X Volume

Question 35

What is the change of momentum

Answer 35

Impulse

Question 36

How do we calculate the momentum

Answer 36

Mass X Velocity

Question 37

What happens when force in a particle is increased

Answer 37

The surface area remains the same, but the pressure increases

Question 38

What does the pressure of a gas produce

Answer 38

A net force (sum of all forces) at right angles to container walls

Question 39

What happens if the temperature of a gas is increased with a fixed volume

Answer 39

Particles collide with the container walls with more force. Therefore the pressure is increased. The container then expands (increase volume) if able to as the gas pushes it outwards