P6 - Particles

Question 1

What does thr particle model of matter say?

Answer 1

Everything is made up of lots of tiny particles

Question 2

What is density?

Answer 2

The measurement of the compactness of a substance

Question 3

What is the equation for density?

Answer 3

Density = mass / volume

Question 4

What is density measured in?

Answer 4

Kg/m3

Question 5

What are the positions of particles in a dense material?

Answer 5

Packed tightly together

Question 6

What are thr postions of particles in a less dense material?

Answer 6

Spread out

Question 7

If you compressed a less dense material, what would happen?

Answer 7

The particles would move closer together and become more dense

Question 8

What is the symbol for density?

Answer 8

Wierd P which is a greek letter for rho

Question 9

Convert 1g/cm3 into kg/m3

Answer 9

1000kg/m3

Question 10

What are the properties of a SOLID?

Answer 10

Strong forces of attraction
Fixed position
High density - particles are close together

Question 11

What are the properties of a LIQUID?

Answer 11

Weaker forces of attraction
Close together but can move past each other
Less dense than solids
More energy than solids

Question 12

What are the properties of a LIQUID?

Answer 12

Weaker forces of attraction
Close together but can move past each other
Less dense than solids
More energy than solids

Question 13

What are the properties of a GAS?

Answer 13

No forces of attraction
Spaced out and move in random directions
More energy than solids and liquids
Much less dense compared to solids and liquids

Question 14

How do you find the density of a solid object?

Answer 14

1. Weigh the solid
2. Measure dimensions with a ruler to find volume
   3a. If its an irregular solid, find volume by slowing submerging it into a eureka can filled with water.
   3b. Collect the water displaced in a measuring cylinder and record its volume
3. Use the density calculation to find the density

Question 15

What is internal energy?

Answer 15

The total amount of kinetic and potential energy of all the particles in a system

Question 16

What two parts is internal energy made up of?

Answer 16

Potential energy stores
Kinetic energy stores

Question 17

What does the potential energy stores refer to in internal energy?

Answer 17

Gravitational energy stores
Elastic energy stores

Question 18

What does kinetic energy stores refer to in internal energy?

Answer 18

The movement energy of the particles

Question 19

What is the internal energy of a substance or particle?

Answer 19

Total energy that its particles have in their kinetic and potential energy stores

Question 20

Heating a substance will increase the kinetic energy of its particles. What will happen to the internal energy?

Answer 20

It will increase

Question 21

Changes of state is a physical change not a chemical change. True or False?

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What is change of state from a SOLID to a GAS?

Answer 22

Sublimation

Question 23

What is change of state from a GAS to a LIQUID?

Answer 23

Condensing

Question 24

What is latent heat?

Answer 24

The energy needed to change the state of a substance

Question 25

What is specific latent heat?

Answer 25

The amount of energy needed to change 1Kg pf a substance from one state to another, without changing its temperature

Question 26

What is specific latent heat of fusion?

Answer 26

The amount of energy needed to change 1Kg pf a substance from SOLID to LIQUID state, without changing its temperature

Question 27

What is specific latent heat of vaporisation?

Answer 27

The amount of energy needed to change 1Kg of a substance from LIQUID to GASEOUS state, without changing its temperature

Question 28

What is the equation for specific latent heat of fusion?

Answer 28

Energy / mass

Question 29

What is the equation for specific latent heat of vaporisation?

Answer 29

Energy / mass

Question 30

What increases gas pressure!

Answer 30

Faster particles and more frequent collisions

Question 31

What is the equation for a gas of fixed mass at a constant temperature?

Answer 31

Constant = pressure (Pa) x Volume (m3)

Question 32

Describe how the internal energy of the aluminium block changes as it is heated to its melting point and then melts.

Answer 32

As its heated, the internal energy increases due to an increase in kinetic energy - due to collisions and vibrations of particles During melting, the temp and kinetic energy remain constant But internal energy continues to increase during melting due to an increase in potential energy

Question 33

What is the difference between boiling and evaporation

Answer 33

Boiling happens at a specific temperature THROUGHOUT the liquid While evaporation happens at any temperature at the SURFACE of a liquid

Question 34

How do gas particles create pressure in a sealed container?

Answer 34

They have kinetic energy and move in random directions, colliding with the walls of the containers These collisions exert a force on the alls, creating pressure