P6-Waves KW

Question 1

Amplitude

Answer 1

The maximum displacement of a wave from its undisturbed (equilibrium) position.

Question 2

Angle of Incidence

Answer 2

The angle between the incident ray and normal

Question 3

Angle of Reflection

Answer 3

The angle between the reflected ray and normal.

Question 4

Black

Answer 4

An object will appear black if it absorbs all wavelengths of radiation incident on it

Question 5

Colour Filters

Answer 5

Filters that absorb certain wavelengths (colours) and transmit others. A blue filter for example will absorb all wavelengths other than those in the blue region of the colour spectrum.

Question 6

Colour

Answer 6

Colour is determined by frequency and wavelength.

Question 7

Constant Temperature (H)

Answer 7

A body remains at a constant temperature if it is absorbing radiation at the same rate that it is emitting it. (H)

Question 8

Convex Lens

Answer 8

A lens that brings parallel rays to focus at the principal focus.The image formed can be either real or virtual.

Question 9

Diffuse Reflection

Answer 9

Reflection from a rough surface that results in scattering

Question 10

Echo Sounding (H)

Answer 10

A technique that uses high frequency sound waves to detect objects in deep water and to measure the depth of water. (H)

Question 11

Electromagnetic Waves

Answer 11

Transverse waves that transfer energy from the source of the waves, to an absorber. They form a continuous spectrum of different frequencies and all travel at the same speed in a vacuum.

Question 12

Focal Length

Answer 12

The distance between the centre of a lens and its principal focus

Question 13

Frequency

Answer 13

The number of waves passing a given point in a second. It is the inverse of the wave’s period

Question 14

Hertz

Answer 14

The unit of frequency

Question 15

Human Hearing (H)

Answer 15

Humans can hear sounds in the frequency range of 20Hz to 20kHz (H)

Question 16

Infrared Radiation

Answer 16

A type of radiation that all objects emit and absorb. The hotter an object is, the greater the infrared radiation it emits in a given time.

Question 17

Infrared

Answer 17

Used for cooking food, electrical heaters and infrared imaging.

Question 18

Ionising Radiation

Answer 18

Radiation that can cause the mutation of genes and cause cancer. X-rays and gamma rays are both forms of ionising radiation

Question 19

Magnification

Answer 19

The ratio of the image height over the object height for a lens. Since it is a ratio, it has no units.

Question 19

Lens

Answer 19

An object that forms an image through the refraction of light

Question 20

Longitudinal Waves

Answer 20

Waves with oscillations that are parallel to the direction of travel/energy transfer.

Question 21

Microwaves

Answer 21

Used for satellite communications and for cooking food

Question 22

Perfect Black Body

Answer 22

An object that absorbs all radiation incident on it and does not reflect or transmit any type of radiation

Question 22

Normal

Answer 22

The normal is an imaginary reference line that is constructed perpendicular to a boundary at the point that the wave intercepts it.

Question 23

P-Waves (H)

Answer 23

Longitudinal, seismic waves that travel at different speeds through solids and liquids. (H)

Question 24

Period

Answer 24

The time it takes for one complete wave to pass a given point. It is the inverse of frequency

Question 25

Radiation Dose

Answer 25

A measure of the risk of harm to the body as a result of radiation exposure

Question 26

Reflection

Answer 26

Reflection is when a wave bounces off a boundary. The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection

Question 27

Radio Waves

Answer 27

Used for television and radio signals. They can be produced by oscillations in electrical circuits.

Question 28

S-Waves (H)

Answer 28

Transverse, seismic waves that cannot travel through liquids (H)

Question 29

Seismic Waves (H)

Answer 29

Waves that are produced by earthquakes. (H)

Question 30

Sound Waves (H)

Answer 30

The longitudinal waves responsible for sound. In solids, sound waves are transmitted by the vibrations of the solid’s particles. (H)

Question 31

Specular Reflection

Answer 31

Reflection from a smooth surface, in a single direction

Question 32

Ultrasound Scanning (H)

Answer 32

A technique that involves ultrasound waves being transmitted and then partially reflected at a boundary before being detected by a detector. The time between transmission and detection can be used to calculate distances, and build up an image (H)

Question 33

Visible Light

Answer 33

The only type of electromagnetic radiation that our eyes can detect. It is used for fibre optic communications.

Question 33

Ultrasound Waves (H)

Answer 33

Waves that have a frequency higher than the upper limit of human hearing (20kHz). (H)

Question 34

Transverse Waves

Answer 34

Waves with oscillations that are perpendicular to the direction of travel/energy transfer

Question 35

Ultraviolet

Answer 35

Used in energy efficient lamps and for sun tanning.

Question 36

Wave Speed

Answer 36

The speed at which energy is transferred through the medium. It is equal to the product of the wave’s wavelength and frequency

Question 37

Wavelength

Answer 37

The distance from a point on one wave to the same point on the adjacent wave (ie. peak to peak or trough to trough)

Question 38

White

Answer 38

An object will appear white if it emits all wavelengths equally.