Pacific Warfare

Question 1

Battle of Midway

Answer 1

In 1942, the US won a big naval battle against Japan, changing the war in the Pacific.

Question 2

US and Australia Fight Back

Answer 2

The Allies started winning more battles and moving closer to Japan.

Question 3

Atomic Bombs

Answer 3

In 1945, the US dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Japan then surrendered, ending the war.

Question 4

Pearl Harbour and the Entry of the US

Answer 4

• The surprise attack on Pearl Harbour by Japan on December 7, 1941, forced the United States into the war, significantly altering the Pacific conflict.
• This attack, which devastated the US Pacific Fleet, led to the US declaring war on Japan the following day.
• The attack on Pearl Harbour also heightened the threat to Australia, as Japan’s advance southward became increasingly alarming.

Question 5

Island Hopping Strategy

Answer 5

The Allied “island hopping” strategy involved capturing and fortifying key islands in the Pacific, allowing them to advance towards Japan.
This strategy aimed to cut off Japanese supply lines and gradually weaken their position.
Australia participated in the island hopping campaigns, contributing to the Allied effort in the Southwest Pacific.

Question 6

Australia’s Role

Answer 6

• Australia, as a major Allied power, sent troops and resources to the Pacific, including its navy, air force, and army.
• The war in the Pacific brought the conflict close to Australian shores, with Japanese attacks on Darwin and other areas.
• Australian forces fought in various campaigns, including the defence of New Guinea and operations in the Southwest Pacific.
• Australia also contributed to the war effort on the home front, with women entering the workforce and production shifting towards war materials.
• The war had a significant impact on Australian society and economy, reshaping its alliances and its relationship with Asia.