pack Flashcards
(20 cards)
How are two amino acids linked?What is the name of the reaction?
By joining the Carboxyl group (OH) of one amino acid to a amine group (H) of another
Condensation reaction
What is the primary structure of a protein?
String of amino acids joined togther by peptide bonds
What is the simplest level of protein organization?
Primary structure
What is the secondary structure?
Formation of hydrogen bonds between the peptide backbone
What are the two types of secondary structures?
Coils (alpha helix) and folds (beta sheet)
What are alpha helices
hydrogen bonds between the carbonyl and amide groups in the peptide backbone (O and H)
What is an example of where we can find alpha helcies in real life? (2)
keratin and myoglobin (bc alpha males put kertain on their hair and have a lot of myoglobin)
What is the main difference between alpha helix and beta pleated sheets?
alpha helix: Hydrogen bonds are parallel to the peptide back bone
pleated sheets: Hydrogen bonds are perpendicular to the peptide back bone
What is the tertiary structure?
interactions between (side chains) not backbone
What are the type of bonds that are present in the tertiary structure?
Many different types of bonds
What are quaternay structures?
Multiple polypeptide chains joining togther to form a SUPER MEGA STRUCTURE
What are two, three, and four different polypeptide chains binding togther called?
Two: dimer
three: trimer
Four: tetramer
What are the 9 essential amino acids?
histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine
What is n-terminus?
Amino group at the end
What is C-terminus?
Carboxyl group at the end
What determines the primary structure?
Determined by DNA
What two aminoacids de stablize alpha helix?
bulky side chains (proline)
Glycine
What are Super secondary structures? What is another name for them?
They are: A combination between multiple forms of secondary structure amino acids (a-helix, b-sheet )
Another name: motifs
What is a domain?
They arefunctional and three-dimensional structural units of polypeptides
Formed: By the combination of multiple supersecondary structures (motifs)
