pack Flashcards
(26 cards)
Label
What are two fasica that cover the prostate and what are they composed of?
The true capsule - a thin fibrous sheath which surrounds the gland.
The false capsule- The false capsule - condensed extra peritoneal fascia which continues into the
fascia surrounding the bladder and with the fascia of Denonvilliers posteriorly.
Where does the prostatic venous plexues lie?
It lies between the true and false fasica
Fill in the relations of the prostate
What are the anterior, posterior, and lateral relationships of the prostate? (idk why he repeated it twice)
1. Anteriorly:
· Symphysis pubis: retropubic space (Cave of Retzius).
· Puboprostatic ligaments.
2. Posteriorly:
· Denonvillier’s fascia.
. The two ejaculatory ducts.
3. Laterally:
· The levator Ani.
What are the three lobes of the prostate?
Right, median, left
What are the 4 zones of the prostate?
1. Peripheral Zone (70%): Site of most prostate cancers.
- Central Zone (25%): Surrounds ejaculatory ducts; less often affected by disease.
3.** Transitional Zone** (5%): Surrounds preprostatic urethra; primary site of BPH.
- Anterior Fibromuscular Stroma: Non-glandular tissue filling the anterior region.
Label
What are the two bends in the urethra and what is their clincal significance?
1st bend: (green) Transition from the membranous to the spongy urethra
2nd bend: (Red) Transtion from the root of the penis to the body of the penis
Clinical significance: Important to be aware of not to damage them during urethral cathaderization.
What part of the urethra is most prone to damage during a straddle injury?
Bulbar urethra
What is the spongy urethra further divided into?
The bulbar and penile urethra
What lobe usuall gets BPH and what does BPH cause?
An enlargment in the Median lobe casues BPH which in turn causes urine to pile up.
This will cause the patient to be unable to completely empty their bladder which will cause urgency, nocturia, and frequency.
It can also effect the internal urethral sphintcher leading to incomptence
it can also cause urinary obstruction
What is the arterial supply of the prostate?
Mainly: Prostatic branches of the inferior vesicle artery with some small branches from the middle rectal and internal pudendal.
What is the venous draingae of the prostate?
Prostatic venous plexus which drains into the interal iliac veins
What other plexuses is the prostatic plexus connected to and what clinical significance does this haave
This plexus communicates with the vesical, rectal, and vertebral venous plexuses which
is an important route for the spread of the prostatic cancer.
What is the lymph draingae of the prostate?
Lymph Drainage:
The lymphatics of the prostate pass across the pelvic floor mainly to internal iliac nodes; a few may
reach external iliac and Sacral nodes.
Why is the spread of prostatic cancer mainly from the blood and not lymph?
N.B. These lymph vessels drain the capsule and not the glandular tissue. This is
why the spread of the prostatic cancer is mainly via the blood route.
What is the nerve supply of the prostate and what do sympathatic and parasympathetic innervations do?
Nerve Supply:
inferior hypogastric plexus
The sympathetic stimulates the prostatic smooth muscle contraction during ejaculation.
The parasympathetic stimulates the acini secretion
What nerve should the surgeon be careful not to cut when performing an orchidopexy?
Ilioinguinal nerve
makes sense since the ectopic testi is usually in the inguinal canal
What forms the head of the epididmyis?
The efferent ductules
What is the arterial supply of the testis and epididymis?
Testicular artery (L1-L2)
Artery of ductus deferens (deferential artery)
which is a branch of the internal iliac
What veins and venous plexus drains the testis?
Veins: Testicular veins
Right: drains to the IVC
Left: drains into the left renal vein
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Venous plexus: Pampiniform plexus
What functional significance does the pampiniform plexus have?
It has a cooling affect
