PACS Flashcards
(29 cards)
What does PACS stand for?
Picture Archiving & Communication Systems
List the core components of PACS.
- Image Acquisition Devices
- Image Processing Equipment
- Image Display Devices
- Storage Systems
What is a PACS system?
Systems that facilitate image viewing at diagnostic, reporting, consultation, and remote computer workstations, as well as archiving of pictures on magnetic or optical media
When did the concept of PACS originate?
1970s
What was the first large-scale US PACS and when was it implemented?
US Army PACS in 1992
What was the first ‘filmless’ hospital?
University of Maryland in 1999
What are the critical system component of PACS?
- Digital Acquisition Devices
- Database Server
- Archival Server
- Radiology Information System (RIS)
- Soft Copy Display Workstations
What are digital acquisition devices?
The devices that are the sources of the images linked to a network
What are database servers?
High speed and robust central computer to process information
What is an archival server?
Responsible for storing images which enables short term and long term retrival
What is a Radiology Information System?
System that maintains patient demographics, scheduling, billing information
What is a workstation or soft copy display?
Contains the software and hardware to access the PACS, replaces lightbox
What type of networks are used in PACS?
- Local Area Network (LAN)
- Wide Area Network (WAN)
- Web-based Access
What does DICOM stand for?
Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine
What is the purpose of DICOM?
International standard for medical image exchange
What does DICOM cover?
Multiple medical imaging modalities and all types of image formats and data quality
What are the typical image sizes for CR/DR, MRI, and CT?
- CR/DR Image Size: 4-5 MB
- MRI Image Size: ~15 MB
- CT Image Size: Up to 25 MB
What are the two types of compression that are used in image storage?
Lossy and Lossless
What is Lossy compression?
Will result in image noise and loss of sharpness
What is lossless data compression?
Class of data compression algorithms that allows the original data to be reconstructed from the compressed data
Which two compression types takes up more memory?
Lossless
What are integration systems associated with PACS?
- Hospital Information System (HIS)
- Electronic Health Record (EHR)
- Radiology Information System (RIS)
What does the HIS hold?
Patien’ts full medical infomation, from billing to inpatient ordering system
What does RIS hold?
All radiology specific patient data and display orders
