Pacs Final Flashcards

(92 cards)

1
Q

facial clefts

A

median cleft lip

oblique facial cleft

compete bilateral cleft lip

unilateral complete cleft lip

incomplete cleft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A

median cleft lip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q
A

complete bilateral cleft lip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A

oblique facial cleft

I think, I couldn’t find an image that specifically said oblique facial cleft but I though this one looked like it because of the hypoechoic area by the nostils and nasal bone.?????

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

A

just a pic of an oblique cleft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A

unilateral complete cleft lip and palate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A

incomplete cleft lip

best pic I could find, cleft lip with nose intact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A

absent nasal bone

trisomy 21

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A

anterior cephaloceles-may arise from the frontal bone or midface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A

proboscis, associated with holoprosencephaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

frontonasal dysplasia

A

median cleft face syndrome consisting of a range of midline facial defects involving the eyes, forehead, and nose.

Abnormalities include ocular hypertelorism, a variable bifid nose, broad nasal bridge, midlinedefect of the frontal bone, and extension of the frontal hairline to form a widows peak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A

frontal bossing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

A

enlarged tongue, beckwith wiedemann syndrome

macroglossia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

micronathia facial abnormality

syndromes associated with it

A

micronathia, small chin

chromosome anomalis such as tri 18 and triploidy

skeletal dysplasias

primary mandibular disorders such as peirre robin syndrome and treacher collins syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
A

micronathia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A

low set ears

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A

hypertelorism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A

hypotelorism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

A

polydactyly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

A

amelia

congenital absence of one or more extemities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
A

syndactyly, missing or fused digits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
A

lobster claw deformity, split hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
A

clinodactyly (overlapping digits)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
A

clenched hands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
[![](http://sonoworld.com/images/FetusItemImages/Images_2010/Cases/Trisomy18_Sanchez/Trisomy_18_Sanchez_3.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fsonoworld.com%2Ffetus%2Fpage.aspx%3Fid%3D2784&ei=aromVabPIoqHyAS4rILgCw&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNE434p9GyYqDbPwfXNXM1GBjYJshw&ust=1428687827196787)
aplasia of the thumb
26
[![](http://sonoworld.com/images/FetusItemImages/Images%202011/Trisomy%2018_Albana/T18_Albana_14.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fsonoworld.com%2Ffetus%2Fpage.aspx%3Fid%3D2954&ei=a70mVZTvFIOSyQSb_IDgCQ&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNH45Tjm1UvIZU2VpqigqRgT1dfbtw&ust=1428688615784205)
radial hypoplasia
27
[![](http://www.sonoworld.com/Client/Fetus/html/chapter-09/skeleton_files/club_foot_01.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sonoworld.com%2FClient%2FFetus%2Fhtml%2Fchapter-09%2Fskeleton.html&ei=8L0mVbjbE4aXyAT0jYGYBg&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNHqMUZDGivxjm4wvZqnzdoGiiXXtg&ust=1428688744282782)
clubfoot aka talipes
28
[![](http://images.radiopaedia.org/images/3435479/1513cc99d7cf63711f7830dbacd753.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fradiopaedia.org%2Fimages%2F3435479&ei=q8AmVfy3EYKuggSyuIHICw&bvm=bv.90491159,d.b2w&psig=AFQjCNFbe772Vvsry65szXYOcS9umNVnGw&ust=1428689444180297)
meningocele anaechoic
29
sonographic features of spina bifida
splaying with a V or U formation protrusion of saclike structure cleft in the skin
30
protrusion of a saclike structure on fetal spine that is anechoic
meningocele
31
protrusion of saclike structure on fetal spine that contains neural elements
myelomeningocele
32
## Footnote [![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Spina_bifida_lombare_sagittale.theora.ogv/345px--Spina_bifida_lombare_sagittale.theora.ogv.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWikipedia%3AFeatured_picture_candidates%2FUltrasound_of_fetal_spina_bifida&ei=Z8MmVen2B8agNsD-gJgO&bvm=bv.90491159,d.b2w&psig=AFQjCNHZcgpKN7AA_z33tDI1QykLqjNQ2w&ust=1428689966697598)
myelomeningocele contains neural elements
33
[![Image result for ultrasound images of spina bifida splaying]()](http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://sonoworld.com/images/FetusItemImages/article-images/central_nervous_system/spina_bifida_valero_files/spina_bifida_sb3.jpg&imgrefurl=http://sonoworld.com/fetus/page.aspx?id%3D135&h=287&w=380&tbnid=1oLYxUjWZRcihM:&zoom=1&docid=-cdngr5h67bKkM&ei=xMMmVaXTFomqoQTZk4KIDw&tbm=isch&ved=0CBwQMygAMAA) ## Footnote [380 × 287 - sonoworld.com](http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://sonoworld.com/images/FetusItemImages/article-images/central_nervous_system/spina_bifida_valero_files/spina_bifida_sb3.jpg&imgrefurl=http://sonoworld.com/fetus/page.aspx?id%3D135&h=287&w=380&tbnid=1oLYxUjWZRcihM:&zoom=1&docid=-cdngr5h67bKkM&ei=xMMmVaXTFomqoQTZk4KIDw&tbm=isch&ved=0CBwQMygAMAA)
transverse image of spinal splaying
34
shortening of the proximal long bones humerus and femur
rhizomelia
35
shortening of the distal extremities radius, ulna, tibia, and fibula
mesomelic dysplasia
36
shortening of both proximal and distal extremities
severe micromelia
37
## Footnote [![](https://iame.com/online/skeletal_dysplasias/images/figure8.jpg)](https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fiame.com%2Fonline%2Fskeletal_dysplasias%2Fcontent.php&ei=ecsmVYwJxbHJBMO_gcAM&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNGkpxbBxak03ev8Kl4H_2oRmVbNMw&ust=1428692211071757)
bowed femur thanatophoric dysplasia type 1
38
[![](http://www.med.cmu.ac.th/dept/obgyn/2011/images/stories/Ultrasound/Anomaly/FigLimb/5Thanato5e4I.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.med.cmu.ac.th%2Fdept%2Fobgyn%2F2011%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D121%3Athanatophoric-dysplasia%26catid%3D43%26Itemid%3D459&ei=xMsmVbyZD4yYyAT2l4DgDg&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNGkpxbBxak03ev8Kl4H_2oRmVbNMw&ust=1428692211071757)
severe micromelia bowed femur and fibula thanatophoric type 1
39
[![](http://sonoworld.com/images/FetusItemImages/article-images/musculoskeletal/jeune_elke_files/aatorax%20en%20campana.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fimgarcade.com%2F1%2Fthanatophoric-dysplasia-ultrasound%2F&ei=xMsmVbyZD4yYyAT2l4DgDg&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNGkpxbBxak03ev8Kl4H_2oRmVbNMw&ust=1428692211071757)
flat vertebral bodies thanatophoric type 1 and 2
40
[![](http://www.sonoworld.com/images/FetusItemImages/article-images/musculoskeletal/achondrogenesis_sara_knowlton_files/75641316.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fimgarcade.com%2F1%2Fmicromelia%2F&ei=xMsmVbyZD4yYyAT2l4DgDg&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNGkpxbBxak03ev8Kl4H_2oRmVbNMw&ust=1428692211071757)
mesomelic, shortened distal extremity
41
limb shortening syndromes (11 listed)
thanatophoric dysplasia type 1 and 2 achondroplasia (heterozygous and homozygous) achondrogenesis (parenti fraccaro and langer saldino) osteogenesis imperfecta congenital hypophosphatasia diastrophic dysplasia camptomelic dysplasia pseudothalidomide syndrom (roberts syndrome) short rib polydactyly syndrome jeunes syndrom ellisvan creveld syndrome
42
neural tube defects
anencephaly acrania encephalocele spina bifida sacrococcygeal teratoma meningomyelocele meningocele arnold chiari malformations
43
brain and ventricle abnormality associated with myleomeningocele
arnold chiari malformations 1, 2, and 3 dilation of the 3rd ventricle absence of the septum pellucidum small cerebellum absense of the cisterna magna low position of the 4th ventricle posterior fossa
44
[![](http://img.medscape.com/fullsize/migrated/406/646/ar3003.01.fig3b.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.medscape.com%2Fviewarticle%2F406646_4&ei=8ecmVYDlC8HRgwTO1YPoBA&bvm=bv.90491159,d.b2w&psig=AFQjCNGerb3oUxlna5owd5qxedh24T3gvg&ust=1428699467077075)
small posterior fossa | (lemon sign)
45
[![](http://www.adhb.govt.nz/newborn/TeachingResources/Radiology/HUSS/Images/Hydrocephalus/HC%20Coronal%204.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.adhb.govt.nz%2Fnewborn%2FTeachingResources%2FRadiology%2FHUSS%2FNeonatalOtherHUSS.htm&ei=kekmVc3XBMf5yQSwioC4Dg&bvm=bv.90491159,d.b2w&psig=AFQjCNHDzVLfUBCQyumIVFH9ux9ANkJHNw&ust=1428699909991048)
hydrocephalis enlarged lateral and 3rd ventricles
46
[![](http://sonoworld.com/images/FetusItemImages/article-images/Central_nervous_system/chiariII_werner/3.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fsonoworld.com%2Ffetus%2Fpage.aspx%3Fid%3D1710&ei=IOomVYvRCYuqNrGugLgK&bvm=bv.90491159,d.b2w&psig=AFQjCNG8kHcfspGcWegdOsDW3BkecIFiBw&ust=1428700050119729)
compression of the cerebellum due to meylomeningocele
47
[![](https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSsF36fIzg68bdKfhw-VG2PvS7s7L1aI2tBGSF_BUbmhi3aelvk7g)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jaypeejournals.com%2FeJournals%2FShowText.aspx%3FID%3D155%26Type%3DFREE%26TYP%3DTOP%26IN%3D_eJournals%2Fimages%2FJPLOGO.gif%26IID%3D18%26isPDF%3DNO&ei=9uwmVfaLH5KnyASC4YCgCA&bvm=bv.90491159,d.b2w&psig=AFQjCNG8kHcfspGcWegdOsDW3BkecIFiBw&ust=1428700050119729)
fetal ventriclomegaly
48
[![Image result for ultrasound images arnold chiari malformation]()](http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.fetalultrasound.com/online/text/5-023_files/image008.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.fetalultrasound.com/online/text/5-023.HTM&h=276&w=347&tbnid=yNPX998VobVghM:&zoom=1&docid=6q3e13UNrhnubM&ei=qO0mVYHaJMPUoAT7_oCADQ&tbm=isch&ved=0CBwQMygAMAA) ## Footnote [347 × 276 - fetalultrasound.com](http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.fetalultrasound.com/online/text/5-023_files/image008.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.fetalultrasound.com/online/text/5-023.HTM&h=276&w=347&tbnid=yNPX998VobVghM:&zoom=1&docid=6q3e13UNrhnubM&ei=qO0mVYHaJMPUoAT7_oCADQ&tbm=isch&ved=0CBwQMygAMAA)
arnold chiari malformation
49
[![](http://sonoworld.com/images/FetusItemImages/images2007/CNS/Acrania_exenceph_3cases_Cuillier2008/A1B.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fsonoworld.com%2Ffetus%2Fpage.aspx%3Fid%3D2533&ei=_u8mVZSgGseZgwTG6IGoCQ&bvm=bv.90491159,d.b2w&psig=AFQjCNFlZ2Jt0xtJ41WkkkV4z91H8lPqwQ&ust=1428701472315119)
acrania
50
[![](http://images.radiopaedia.org/images/1694644/c2d5c2bca3c62264e4b74ba546275d_big_gallery.JPG)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fpixgood.com%2Fencephalocele-ultrasound.html&ei=WvAmVdSTB8q4ggTji4KYCQ&bvm=bv.90491159,d.b2w&psig=AFQjCNGdCOOyslCTsTqy6TXcq-TRfz3XuQ&ust=1428701616895626)
encephalocele
51
[![](http://www.mypacs.net/repos/mpv4_repo/viz/full/0/61/446/64420593.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mypacs.net%2Fcases%2F64418944.html&ei=yPAmVaaTJ8mwggTVooKICQ&bvm=bv.90491159,d.b2w&psig=AFQjCNGoHZjgnA5bYmK-tygJS-qFFfIuPA&ust=1428701717531717)
sacrococcygeal teratoma
52
[![](http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/spinabifida/images/typesofspinabifida.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fncbddd%2Fspinabifida%2Ffacts.html&ei=bfEmVdGeHYH_gwTq2YDQDg&bvm=bv.90491159,d.b2w&psig=AFQjCNE_vBrr5YosJPj7CzKpNG4qmWFrIg&ust=1428701906016458)
I just liked this image ;o)
53
Atrial septal defects
ostium secundum ostuim primum sinus venosis
54
defect in the central arterial septum near the foramen ovale and is the most difficult to see in utero but is the most common
ostium secundum defect
55
defect usually associated with tri 21 and often will have a cleft mirtal valve and abnormalities of the atrioventricular septum
ostium primum
56
least common defect seen near the enctrance of the superior vena cava into the right atrium
sinus venosis
57
[![](https://gallery.mailchimp.com/5f6b6be1430c874914e00696e/images/Figure3.1.jpg)](https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=https%3A%2F%2F123sonography.com%2Fblog%2Fput-the-puzzle-together&ei=7fYmVaptwa_IBPOBgYAD&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNFHPky4XahivwC8vks3jIRCgBvrIw&ust=1428703305106930)
ostium secundum artial defect
58
[![]()](https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcardiophile.org%2Fatrial-septal-defect-asd%2F&ei=n_gmVfDoMZCMyAS954G4BQ&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNEl_yu07APP1S9Q3WV5UWSVPCfsyw&ust=1428703733273172)
ostium primum septal defect
59
[![Image result for ultrasound images of sinus venosus septal defect]()](http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pedcard.rush.edu/mp/chd/asd/echo-ASD-sinus%252520venosus.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pedcard.rush.edu/mp/chd/asd/chdasd.htm&h=512&w=720&tbnid=rVT2IcccL86ypM:&zoom=1&docid=5dOn-H8Aa0tXYM&ei=7fgmVfz0OJTVoATQz4CAAQ&tbm=isch&ved=0CB8QMygDMAM) ## Footnote [720 × 512 - pedcard.rush.edu](http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pedcard.rush.edu/mp/chd/asd/echo-ASD-sinus%252520venosus.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pedcard.rush.edu/mp/chd/asd/chdasd.htm&h=512&w=720&tbnid=rVT2IcccL86ypM:&zoom=1&docid=5dOn-H8Aa0tXYM&ei=7fgmVfz0OJTVoATQz4CAAQ&tbm=isch&ved=0CB8QMygDMAM)
sinus venosus septal defect
60
most common septal defect of the heart
ventricular septal defect
61
[![](https://www.glowm.com/images/10_muscular-VSD-copia.jpg)](https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.glowm.com%2FultrasoundAtlas&ei=3PkmVauFCYT2yQTHnIHQCA&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNHp3I7yCmKr8Gb87WMZggOYGTnI_w&ust=1428704054732491)
ventricular septal defect
62
the septum is divided into two basic segments
membranous muscular
63
septal defect that occurs inferior in the septum, usually small, and may be multiple.
muscular defect (ventricular)
64
[![](http://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/data/books/cmdt/cmdt_c010ef023.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fforums.studentdoctor.net%2Fthreads%2Fprimum-vs-secundum-atrial-septal-defect.1079742%2F&ei=RK8qVeKELoaTyASXiIDQAQ&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNE-f8gNIhgGXoWOAiqdw6t_NqJd2g&ust=1428947063602609)
Atrial Septal Defects
65
[![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Echokardiogram_von_Atriumseptumdefekt_%28Ostium_secundum%29.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAtrial_septal_defect&ei=lq8qVaqOK4ixyQTroYC4DQ&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNE-f8gNIhgGXoWOAiqdw6t_NqJd2g&ust=1428947063602609)
ostium secundum atrial septal defect
66
[![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Ventricular_Septal_Defect.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FVentricular_septal_defect&ei=UbMqVb6aA8SkyASX8YCAAg&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNEEqlsuP4aIkZJfPHuWRDG7zFz-sQ&ust=1428948164140351)
ventricular septal defect in the mid muscular portion of the septum
67
[![](http://sonoworld.com/images/FetusItemImages/images2007/Aneupl/T21_VSD_Cuillier/2A.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fsonoworld.com%2Ffetus%2Fpage.aspx%3Fid%3D2212&ei=37MqVf-rLYaoyASpq4GICw&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNEEqlsuP4aIkZJfPHuWRDG7zFz-sQ&ust=1428948164140351)
membranous ventricular septal deftc
68
muscular ventricular septal defects occur where in the septum
more inferior in the septum
69
membranous ventricular spetal defects occur where in the septum
more superior in the septum
70
[![](https://www.glowm.com/images/10_muscular-VSD-copia.jpg)](https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.glowm.com%2FultrasoundAtlas&ei=eLYqVc3iKoHfgwTRsYSQBQ&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNHd9X5fZb22zxTITND4_Tn4qUz9WA&ust=1428948977740567)
muscular ventricular septal defect
71
[![](http://sonoworld.com/images/FetusItemImages/images2007/Aneupl/T21_VSD_Cuillier/2A.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fsonoworld.com%2Ffetus%2Fpage.aspx%3Fid%3D2212&ei=uLYqVeOlLcKWNt6_gMAJ&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNHd9X5fZb22zxTITND4_Tn4qUz9WA&ust=1428948977740567)
membranous ventricular septal defect
72
[![](http://www.fetalultrasound.com/online/text/7-012_files/image002.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fetalultrasound.com%2Fonline%2Ftext%2F7-012.HTM&ei=87YqVeP6NIa7ggTexoKQBg&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNGtuMN_Ne1XKHEesmI4EGPxP3_XrA&ust=1428949098229923)
good pic w/ two atrial defects
73
[![](http://www.fetalultrasound.com/online/text/7-012_files/image004.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fetalultrasound.com%2Fonline%2Ftext%2F7-012.HTM&ei=KrcqVdnZCNHYggTX64G4Bw&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNGtuMN_Ne1XKHEesmI4EGPxP3_XrA&ust=1428949098229923)
atrial secundum defect
74
common findings in the left ventricle
hypoplastic left heart syndrome ??
75
[![](http://www.jultrasoundmed.org/content/24/9/1199/F3.large.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jultrasoundmed.org%2Fcontent%2F24%2F9%2F1199%2FF3.expansion.html&ei=MfIqVZh2iPjJBNCOgYAN&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNGxaSxhCCpVFfkZ2w_aRw4j1LBZ4w&ust=1428964269814318)
hypoplastic left heart syndrome
76
[![](http://www.sonoworld.com/images/FetusItemImages/article-images/cardiovascular/hypoplastic_left_heart_syndrome_files/image003.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sonoworld.com%2Ffetus%2Fpage.aspx%3Fid%3D886&ei=evIqVd7lN4GYyAT0k4Bg&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNGxaSxhCCpVFfkZ2w_aRw4j1LBZ4w&ust=1428964269814318)
hypoplastic left heart syndrome
77
[![](http://sonoworld.com/images/FetusItemImages/Images_2010/Cases/Single_ventricle_Cerekja/Single_ventricle_Albana_1.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fsonoworld.com%2Ffetus%2Fpage.aspx%3Fid%3D2934&ei=fPMqVc3_BNDvggSmuYCgCA&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNEfpwOCR6ZEla87nzI9jk65-qvfcA&ust=1428964520155911)
single ventricle
78
[![](https://iame.com/online/hypoplastic_right_heart/images/Figure4.jpg)](https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fiame.com%2Fonline%2Fhypoplastic_right_heart%2Fcontent.php&ei=VfQqVdmqNsemNvqYgcgJ&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNEtQZle1pow53k6wnQhUsyEPcXQrA&ust=1428964809201914)
dextrocardia (heart is in right side with the apex pointing right)
79
[![](http://www.fetalultrasound.com/online/text/7-004_files/image002.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fetalultrasound.com%2Fonline%2Ftext%2F7-004.HTM&ei=a_UqVY7NMMfBggS-uICQAw&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNHLRLQRV2AbEFqCz-psHXuHvwzAcw&ust=1428965078422024)
dexrtoversion heart on rt side, apex pointing rt, and stomach on left AO is normal
80
[![](http://www.rjmatthewsmd.com/Definitions/img/g02se17g4xHLH%20syndrome.gif)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rjmatthewsmd.com%2FDefinitions%2Fcongenital_heart_disease.htm&ei=3PgqVbSbIcGegwThsoGYBw&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNEI7NYLOKVEwNFtDD1lTtU1o0EOag&ust=1428965864428516)
mesocardia (apex pointing toward midline and located in midline) Also this heart has hypoplastic left heart syndrome
81
[![](http://sonoworld.com/images/FetusItemImages/images2007/Respiratory/Lung_sequetr_Manson/1.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fsonoworld.com%2Ffetus%2Fpage.aspx%3Fid%3D2400&ei=LPwqVYHXHIugyQSonoAI&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNG3tcxeWWuF4_ae4YcszpArnFwlpQ&ust=1428966823912234)
dextroposition heart is on right side apex points left or medially
82
heart on left side of chest apex pointing left term used when viceral situs abnormalities are present
levocardia
83
heart is displaced further toward the left
levoposition
84
[![](http://www.jultrasoundmed.org/content/23/9/1225/F1.large.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jultrasoundmed.org%2Fcontent%2F23%2F9%2F1225%2FF1.expansion&ei=mf8qVbqyLYSsyATH1IDoBg&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNEBfbYLlNXSa2brSQ7nzE00MjwwKg&ust=1428967702003491)
transposition of the great vessels aorta is connected to the right ventricle and pulmonary artery is connected to the left ventricle
85
[![](http://sonoworld.com/images/FetusItemImages/article-images/Cardiovascular/TGA_Thomas/gros%20vaisseaux.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fsonoworld.com%2Ffetus%2Fpage.aspx%3Fid%3D1281&ei=1v8qVdmXF4P5yAS__4GYBA&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNEBfbYLlNXSa2brSQ7nzE00MjwwKg&ust=1428967702003491)
transposition of the great vessels acending aorta and pulmonary artery are paralell to each other
86
[![](http://mdsoft-int.com/revue-medicale/photos/171-173/fig1_171_173.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.latunisiemedicale.com%2Farticle-medicale-tunisie_1020_en&ei=yQArVfC6N4K1ggTY44OYBw&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNGOvddlwFSNVPFHF7fBoyMYGFoUQw&ust=1428967939189479)
ectopia cordis
87
[![](http://www.jultrasoundmed.org/content/28/3/379/F1.large.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jultrasoundmed.org%2Fcontent%2F28%2F3%2F379%2FF1.expansion&ei=EBQrVfy6H4uYgwT3qYHoDQ&bvm=bv.90491159,d.eXY&psig=AFQjCNH6GTQ-SdzSm0-ghYSh9Gjc8KWmjQ&ust=1428972936527835)
sternal cleft
88
[![](http://sonoworld.com/images/FetusItemImages/images2007/Cardiac/Hypopl_left_heart_dyspl_kidn_Cuillier/5.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fpixgood.com%2Ffetal-polycystic-kidney-disease-ultrasound.html&ei=ExUrVcb6AomegwT2joEQ&bvm=bv.90491159,d.eXY&psig=AFQjCNFq3aABF1z4Uim-KBYnSA_nSkDCLQ&ust=1428973169990114)
fetal polycystic kidney disease
89
[![](http://www.ultrasound-images.com/admin/uploads/renal-cyst-fetal-1a.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ultrasound-images.com%2Ffetal-urogenital.htm&ei=yRYrVdfDFo-UyATK0oH4Bg&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNErfdjpsgOPWtXTjaFak1ob-T9OBw&ust=1428973503980754)
simple renal cyst
90
[![](http://resources.ama.uk.com/glowm_www/graphics/figures/v3/0720/016f.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.glowm.com%2Fsection_view%2Fheading%2FUltrasound%2520Diagnosis%2520of%2520Fetal%2520Anomalies%2Fitem%2F205&ei=WBcrVcXqOc2NyAS2pICQCA&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNFb43uzsZ8uPyE1l0xEbjG2wobOfA&ust=1428973775878419)
multicystic kidney
91
[![](http://sonoworld.com/images/FetusItemImages/article-images/urinary_and_adrenal/mckd_sosa_files/yelpa326.jpg)](http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fsonoworld.com%2Ffetus%2Fpage.aspx%3Fid%3D552&ei=jBcrVcuDL4eeyQSd6oEI&bvm=bv.90491159,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNFb43uzsZ8uPyE1l0xEbjG2wobOfA&ust=1428973775878419)
multicystic kidney
92