facial clefts
median cleft lip
oblique facial cleft
compete bilateral cleft lip
unilateral complete cleft lip
incomplete cleft
complete bilateral cleft lip
oblique facial cleft
I think, I couldn’t find an image that specifically said oblique facial cleft but I though this one looked like it because of the hypoechoic area by the nostils and nasal bone.?????
frontonasal dysplasia
median cleft face syndrome consisting of a range of midline facial defects involving the eyes, forehead, and nose.
Abnormalities include ocular hypertelorism, a variable bifid nose, broad nasal bridge, midlinedefect of the frontal bone, and extension of the frontal hairline to form a widows peak
micronathia facial abnormality
syndromes associated with it
micronathia, small chin
chromosome anomalis such as tri 18 and triploidy
skeletal dysplasias
primary mandibular disorders such as peirre robin syndrome and treacher collins syndrome
micronathia
syndactyly, missing or fused digits
lobster claw deformity, split hand
clinodactyly (overlapping digits)
clenched hands
sonographic features of spina bifida
splaying with a V or U formation
protrusion of saclike structure
cleft in the skin
protrusion of a saclike structure on fetal spine that is anechoic
meningocele
protrusion of saclike structure on fetal spine that contains neural elements
myelomeningocele
transverse image of spinal splaying
shortening of the proximal long bones
humerus and femur
rhizomelia
shortening of the distal extremities
radius, ulna, tibia, and fibula
mesomelic dysplasia
shortening of both proximal and distal extremities
severe micromelia
limb shortening syndromes
(11 listed)
thanatophoric dysplasia type 1 and 2
achondroplasia (heterozygous and homozygous)
achondrogenesis (parenti fraccaro and langer saldino)
osteogenesis imperfecta
congenital hypophosphatasia
diastrophic dysplasia
camptomelic dysplasia
pseudothalidomide syndrom (roberts syndrome)
short rib polydactyly syndrome
jeunes syndrom
ellisvan creveld syndrome
neural tube defects
anencephaly
acrania
encephalocele
spina bifida
sacrococcygeal teratoma
meningomyelocele
meningocele
arnold chiari malformations
brain and ventricle abnormality associated with myleomeningocele
arnold chiari malformations 1, 2, and 3
dilation of the 3rd ventricle
absence of the septum pellucidum
small cerebellum
absense of the cisterna magna
low position of the 4th ventricle
posterior fossa
arnold chiari malformation
Atrial septal defects
ostium secundum
ostuim primum
sinus venosis
defect in the central arterial septum near the foramen ovale and is the most difficult to see in utero but is the most common
ostium secundum defect
defect usually associated with tri 21 and often will have a cleft mirtal valve and abnormalities of the atrioventricular septum
ostium primum
least common defect seen near the enctrance of the superior vena cava into the right atrium
sinus venosis
sinus venosus septal defect
most common septal defect of the heart
ventricular septal defect
the septum is divided into two basic segments
membranous
muscular
septal defect that occurs inferior in the septum, usually small, and may be multiple.
muscular defect (ventricular)
muscular ventricular septal defects occur where in the septum
more inferior in the septum
membranous ventricular spetal defects occur where in the septum
more superior in the septum
common findings in the left ventricle
hypoplastic left heart syndrome ??
mesocardia (apex pointing toward midline and located in midline)
Also this heart has hypoplastic left heart syndrome
heart on left side of chest
apex pointing left
term used when viceral situs abnormalities are present
levocardia
heart is displaced further toward the left
levoposition
transposition of the great vessels
aorta is connected to the right ventricle and pulmonary artery is connected to the left ventricle
transposition of the great vessels
acending aorta and pulmonary artery are paralell to each other