Paediatric Dermatology

Question 1

What are the 2 types of causes of eczema in children?

Answer 1

1 - Endogenous (internal)

2 - Exogenous (external)

Question 2

What is eczema?

Answer 2

Itchy, dry inflammatory skin disease

Question 3

What are the different types of endogenous eczema?

Answer 3

1 - Atopic

2 - Seborrheoic

3 - Discoid

4 - Pomphylx

5 - Varicose

Question 4

What are the different causes of exogenous eczema?

Answer 4

1 - Allergic contact dermatitis

2 - Irritant contant dermatitis

3 - Photoaggravated eczema

Question 5

What can trigger an eczema flare in children?

Answer 5

1 - Infections

2 - Cold air

3 - Pets

4 - Teething

5 - Stress

Question 6

What is the most common type of eczema?

Answer 6

Atopic eczema

Question 7

What is atopic eczema?

Answer 7

Overactive immune response to environmental stimuli

Question 8

What 3 conditions are linked with an atopic tendency?

Answer 8

Asthma

Eczema

Hayfever

Question 9

What abnormality of the skin is associated with atopic eczema?

Answer 9

Skin ‘barrier defect’

Question 10

Which proteins have an abnormal expression in atopic eczema?

Answer 10

Filaggrin

Question 11

What are the consequence of losing the skin barrier function in eczema patients?

Answer 11

1 - Loss of water

2 - Irritants can penetrate

3 - Allergens can penetrate

Question 12

On which parts of the body is seborrheoic dermatitis commonly seen?

Answer 12

Scalp

Face

Question 13

What is the skin commensal associated with seborrheoic dermatitis?

Answer 13

Malassezia

Question 14

What is a suitable treatment for seborrheoic dermatitis?

Answer 14

1 - Emollients

2 - Antifungal creams

3 - Mild topical steroids

Question 15

What is discoid eczema?

Answer 15

Annular/circular patches of itchy eczema

Question 16

What is pomphylx eczema?

Answer 16

Eczema of foot and hand

Question 17

What are the characteristic features of pomphylx eczema?

Answer 17

Vesicles

Intensely Itchy

Question 18

What are the main categories of eczema treatment?

Answer 18

1 - Emollients

2 - Topical steroids

3 - Calcineurin inhibitors

4 - UVB light therapy

5 - Immunosuppressants

Question 19

How often should steroids be applied to eczema skin?

Answer 19

Once daily for 1-2 weeks

Question 20

What are the common skin infections?

Answer 20

1 - Impetigo

2 - Molluscum Contagiosum

3 - Viral warts

4 - Viral Exanthems

5 - Chicken Pox

6 - Parvovirus

Question 21

What are the features of impetigo?

Answer 21

Honey-coloured crusted erosions

Question 22

What is the organism that causes impetigo?

Answer 22

Staph Aureus

Question 23

What are the treatments for impetigo?

Answer 23

1 - Topical antibacterial

2 - Oral antibiotic

Question 24

Which virus is responsible for causing viral warts?

Answer 24

Human Papillomavirus

Question 25

How are viral warts treated?

Answer 25

Cryotherapy Salicylic acid

Question 26

What is viral exanthems?

Answer 26

Skin reaction to a toxin produced by a viral organism

Question 27

With which virsuses is viral exanthems associated?

Answer 27

Chicken pox Measles Rubella

Question 28

With which virus is chicken pox associated?

Answer 28

Varicella-Zoster virus

Question 29

What are the features of chicken pox?

Answer 29

1 - Red papules progressing to vesicles on the trunk 2 - Itchy

Question 30

What is parvovirus otherwise known as?

Answer 30

Slapped cheek

Question 31

What are the features parvovirus?

Answer 31

Erythematous rash on cheeks

Question 32

What are the common systemic diseases that cause skin problems in children?

Answer 32

1 - Crohns disease 2 - IBD 3 - Sarcoidosis

Question 33

With which systemic disease is orofacial granulomatosis associated with?

Answer 33

Crohn's disease

Question 34

What are the features of orofacial granulomatosis?

Answer 34

Lip swelling Fissuring

Question 35

What are the clinical features of orofacial granulomatosis?

Answer 35

1 - Ulcers and tags of the oral cavity 2 - Cobblestone appearance

Question 36

With which systemic disease is erythema nodosum associated?

Answer 36

IBD Sarcoidosis