PAEDIATRIC - DRUGS Flashcards
(124 cards)
1
Q
What is the paediatric indication for adrenaline?
A
Anaphylaxis, life-threatening asthma, cardiac arrest, and croup
2
Q
What is the IM/IV dose of adrenaline in paediatrics?
A
10 mcg/kg
3
Q
What is the nebulised dose of adrenaline for croup in children under 6 months?
A
2.5 mg
4
Q
What is the nebulised dose of adrenaline for croup in children over 6 months?
A
5 mg
5
Q
What is the presentation of adrenaline for paediatric use?
A
1 mg/1 mL ampoule
NEB: 2.5 mg adrenaline + 2.5 mL saline = 5 mL
6
Q
What is amiodarone used for in paediatrics?
A
Cardiac arrest after the 2nd shockable rhythm
7
Q
What is the paediatric IV/IO dose of amiodarone?
A
5 mg/kg
8
Q
How is benzylpenicillin administered for suspected meningococcal infection?
A
IM / IV / IO
9
Q
What is the paediatric dose of benzylpenicillin?
A
60 mg/kg (max 2400 mg)
10
Q
How is benzylpenicillin prepared for administration?
A
Reconstitute 1.2 g powder with 3.2 mL water (makes 1200 mg in 4 mL)
Give via slow IV push over 3–4 minutes
11
Q
What is the paediatric dose of fentanyl IN and IV?
A
IN: 1.5 mcg/kg
IV: 0.5 mcg/kg
12
Q
What is the maximum intranasal dose of fentanyl in paediatrics?
A
75 mcg
Use 0.3 mL and prime MAD with 0.01 mL
13
Q
What is glucagon used for in paediatrics?
A
Hypoglycaemia when IV/PO is not possible
14
Q
What is the paediatric IM dose of glucagon?
A
0.5 mg (half the adult dose)
15
Q
What is an important note about glucagon’s effectiveness?
A
It may not work if glycogen stores are depleted
16
Q
What is the paediatric dose of glucose gel?
A
15 g orally (1 tube)
17
Q
When should glucose gel be used in children?
A
When the child is conscious and able to tolerate oral intake
18
Q
What is the IV dose of glucose in paediatrics?
A
2 mL/kg (max 5 mL/kg)
19
Q
What is the indication for paediatric ibuprofen?
A
Pain management
20
Q
What is the paediatric dose of ibuprofen?
A
10 mg/kg PO
21
Q
What is the concentration of paediatric ibuprofen syrup?
A
100 mg/5 mL (20 mg/mL)
22
Q
What is the max single dose of ibuprofen for children?
A
400 mg
23
Q
What is the time restriction for ibuprofen repeat doses?
A
No ibuprofen within the last 6 hours
24
Q
What are the indications for ipratropium in paediatrics?
A
Asthma and anaphylaxis (as a bronchodilator)
25
What are the paediatric doses for ipratropium?
MDI: 84 mcg = 4 puffs
## Footnote
NEB: 250 mcg (use half ampoule if needed)
26
Can ipratropium be administered via mask in children?
Yes — especially useful in young children
27
What is methoxyflurane used for in paediatrics?
Pain management
28
What is the paediatric dose of methoxyflurane?
3 mL inhaled
29
What are the maximum dosing limits for methoxyflurane?
2 doses in 24 hrs, max 3 in 7 days
30
What are contraindications for methoxyflurane?
Renal impairment
## Footnote
Malignant hyperthermia
31
What is the paediatric indication for midazolam?
Seizure management
32
What is the IM dose of midazolam in children?
0.15 mg/kg
33
What is the concentration of midazolam?
5 mg/5 mL
34
What is the max single dose of midazolam?
10 mg
35
What is required after first dose of midazolam?
Clinical support contact
36
What is morphine used for in paediatrics?
Pain management
37
What is the IV dose of morphine in children?
50 mcg/kg
38
What is the presentation of morphine?
10 mg/1 mL
39
What is the single max dose of morphine in paediatrics?
2.5 mg
40
What is naloxone used for in children?
Opioid overdose
41
What is the paediatric IM dose of naloxone?
400 mcg
42
What is the IV dose of naloxone in children?
50–100 mcg
43
How is naloxone diluted for IV use?
1 mL naloxone + 3 mL saline = 400 mcg in 4 mL
44
What is a caution for naloxone use in children?
May induce respiratory depression
45
What is ondansetron used for in paediatrics?
Nausea and vomiting
46
What is the oral paediatric dose of ondansetron?
2–4 mg (age-dependent)
47
What is the IV/IM dose of ondansetron?
150 mcg/kg
48
How is ondansetron diluted for IV use?
2 mL ondansetron + 2 mL saline = 4 mL (2 mg total)
49
What is the contraindication for ondansetron?
Long QT syndrome
50
What is paracetamol used for in paediatrics?
Pain and fever management
51
What is the oral/IV dose of paracetamol in children?
15 mg/kg
52
What is the max single dose of paracetamol?
1 gram
53
When should paracetamol not be given again?
If taken within the past 4 hours
54
What are the paediatric indications for prednisolone?
Asthma, anaphylaxis, croup
55
What is the dose of prednisolone in children?
1 mg/kg (max 50 mg)
56
What is the standard presentation?
25 mg in 5 mL syrup
57
What are salbutamol indications in paediatrics?
Asthma, anaphylaxis, crush syndrome
58
What are the doses of salbutamol?
MDI: 600 mcg = 6 puffs
## Footnote
NEB: 7.5 mg
59
What is a key prep step for NEB salbutamol?
Make volume up to 5 mL with saline
60
What are saline indications in paediatrics?
Anaphylaxis, asthma, burns, cardiac arrest, crush, haemorrhage, hypotension, shock, meningococcal, sepsis, ROSC
61
What is the IV dose of saline in children?
10 mL/kg (max 250 mL)
62
How should saline be administered accurately?
Via syringe or burette
63
What is the paediatric indication for adrenaline?
Anaphylaxis, life-threatening asthma, cardiac arrest, and croup
64
What is the IM/IV dose of adrenaline in paediatrics?
10 mcg/kg
65
What is the nebulised dose of adrenaline for croup in children under 6 months?
2.5 mg
66
What is the nebulised dose of adrenaline for croup in children over 6 months?
5 mg
67
What is the presentation of adrenaline for paediatric use?
1 mg/1 mL ampoule
## Footnote
NEB: 2.5 mg adrenaline + 2.5 mL saline = 5 mL
68
What is amiodarone used for in paediatrics?
Cardiac arrest after the 2nd shockable rhythm
69
What is the paediatric IV/IO dose of amiodarone?
5 mg/kg
70
How is benzylpenicillin administered for suspected meningococcal infection?
IM / IV / IO
71
What is the paediatric dose of benzylpenicillin?
60 mg/kg (max 2400 mg)
72
How is benzylpenicillin prepared for administration?
Reconstitute 1.2 g powder with 3.2 mL water (makes 1200 mg in 4 mL)
## Footnote
Give via slow IV push over 3–4 minutes
73
What is the paediatric dose of fentanyl IN and IV?
IN: 1.5 mcg/kg
## Footnote
IV: 0.5 mcg/kg
74
What is the maximum intranasal dose of fentanyl in paediatrics?
75 mcg
## Footnote
Use 0.3 mL and prime MAD with 0.01 mL
75
What is glucagon used for in paediatrics?
Hypoglycaemia when IV/PO is not possible
76
What is the paediatric IM dose of glucagon?
0.5 mg (half the adult dose)
77
What is an important note about glucagon’s effectiveness?
It may not work if glycogen stores are depleted
78
What is the paediatric dose of glucose gel?
15 g orally (1 tube)
79
When should glucose gel be used in children?
When the child is conscious and able to tolerate oral intake
80
What is the IV dose of glucose in paediatrics?
2 mL/kg (max 5 mL/kg)
81
What is the indication for paediatric ibuprofen?
Pain management
82
What is the paediatric dose of ibuprofen?
10 mg/kg PO
83
What is the concentration of paediatric ibuprofen syrup?
100 mg/5 mL (20 mg/mL)
84
What is the max single dose of ibuprofen for children?
400 mg
85
What is the time restriction for ibuprofen repeat doses?
No ibuprofen within the last 6 hours
86
What are the indications for ipratropium in paediatrics?
Asthma and anaphylaxis (as a bronchodilator)
87
What are the paediatric doses for ipratropium?
MDI: 84 mcg = 4 puffs
## Footnote
NEB: 250 mcg (use half ampoule if needed)
88
Can ipratropium be administered via mask in children?
Yes — especially useful in young children
89
What is methoxyflurane used for in paediatrics?
Pain management
90
What is the paediatric dose of methoxyflurane?
3 mL inhaled
91
What are the maximum dosing limits for methoxyflurane?
2 doses in 24 hrs, max 3 in 7 days
92
What are contraindications for methoxyflurane?
Renal impairment
## Footnote
Malignant hyperthermia
93
What is the paediatric indication for midazolam?
Seizure management
94
What is the IM dose of midazolam in children?
0.15 mg/kg
95
What is the concentration of midazolam?
5 mg/5 mL
96
What is the max single dose of midazolam?
10 mg
97
What is required after first dose of midazolam?
Clinical support contact
98
What is morphine used for in paediatrics?
Pain management
99
What is the IV dose of morphine in children?
50 mcg/kg
100
What is the presentation of morphine?
10 mg/1 mL
101
What is the single max dose of morphine in paediatrics?
2.5 mg
102
What is naloxone used for in children?
Opioid overdose
103
What is the paediatric IM dose of naloxone?
400 mcg
104
What is the IV dose of naloxone in children?
50–100 mcg
105
How is naloxone diluted for IV use?
1 mL naloxone + 3 mL saline = 400 mcg in 4 mL
106
What is a caution for naloxone use in children?
May induce respiratory depression
107
What is ondansetron used for in paediatrics?
Nausea and vomiting
108
What is the oral paediatric dose of ondansetron?
2–4 mg (age-dependent)
109
What is the IV/IM dose of ondansetron?
150 mcg/kg
110
How is ondansetron diluted for IV use?
2 mL ondansetron + 2 mL saline = 4 mL (2 mg total)
111
What is the contraindication for ondansetron?
Long QT syndrome
112
What is paracetamol used for in paediatrics?
Pain and fever management
113
What is the oral/IV dose of paracetamol in children?
15 mg/kg
114
What is the max single dose of paracetamol?
1 gram
115
When should paracetamol not be given again?
If taken within the past 4 hours
116
What are the paediatric indications for prednisolone?
Asthma, anaphylaxis, croup
117
What is the dose of prednisolone in children?
1 mg/kg (max 50 mg)
118
What is the standard presentation?
25 mg in 5 mL syrup
119
What are salbutamol indications in paediatrics?
Asthma, anaphylaxis, crush syndrome
120
What are the doses of salbutamol?
MDI: 600 mcg = 6 puffs
## Footnote
NEB: 7.5 mg
121
What is a key prep step for NEB salbutamol?
Make volume up to 5 mL with saline
122
What are saline indications in paediatrics?
Anaphylaxis, asthma, burns, cardiac arrest, crush, haemorrhage, hypotension, shock, meningococcal, sepsis, ROSC
123
What is the IV dose of saline in children?
10 mL/kg (max 250 mL)
124
How should saline be administered accurately?
Via syringe or burette
