Paediatric Neurology Flashcards
(33 cards)
name other words for disorder.
Disability
Syndrome
Give a few examples of syndromes seen in children.
22 deletion syndrome
Fragile X syndrome
Epilepsy
Fetal Alchohol syndrome
How are developmental disorders identified?
- Neonatal Health Screening
- Health visitor visits and reviews
- Orthoptist vision screening
- follow up if “high risk” infants
- listening to parents
- opportunistic recognition
When is the onset of a neurological disability?
It can be: Pre-Natal Peri-Natal Post-Natal Evolving process over first few weeks or months of life Sudden event (traumatic/non-traumatic)
Who are key participants in the rehabilitation process?
Parents
What are some signs between birth and 3 months that would flag something isn’t quite right?
- difficulties with muscle tone (floppy/rigid)
- large/small head
- jerking of limbs
- inability to feed (poor suck/ coordination)
- excessive irritability
From 3 months to 3 years what problems can appear?
- developmental delay
- progressive disorder
- visual difficulties
- disorders of language, communication and mechanics of eating
Name this:
Generalised motor and/or cognitive delay
gross/fine motor delay
symmetrical/asymetrical
Developmental Delay.
Name this:
The loss of skills or inability to gain skills.
progressive disorders
For disorders of language, communication and mechanics of eating, what should we look out for?
- Can’t gain weight
- Speech delay or DLD
- Hearing/ENT disorder
- Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
name a visual difficulty.
delayed visual maturity
or could be blind
What disorders tend to appear from 3-16 years?
- Seizure Disorders
- Neuromuscular Disorders
- Brain Injury- non traumatic or traumatic
- Degenerative conditions
- Neurobehavioural Disorders
At what age range do: headaches and neurological sleep disorders, appear?
5 to 16 years.
How may a child be referred?
- GP
- Parental Awareness
- Nursery/school
- A and E department
- Health Visitor
What is the focus of child development services?
It is centered around the child (and their family) .
How are children assessed?
- collation of information from primary care and referrers
- home visit
- paediatrician assessment
- allied health professional assessment
- liason with education services
What is essential between professional teams?
communication
Information sharing.
What is required in assessment?
- Background History
- Parent/Carer perspective
- Child’s perspective
- Developmental Assessment
- Physical Examination-Diagnostic formulation and targeted investigations
- monitor developmental process over time
- assessment by other specialists e.g. genetics
Why should we look for an aetiology?
- to inform functional impact and prognosis
- to allow accurate counselling for parents
- allows appropriate support and early intervention
- stops further intrusive and possible painful investigations.
What kind of investigations are done?
- Invasive/ Non-Invasive
- Neurological examination
- Video analysis
- Diaries
- EEG, MRI scan etc.
Name the components of the ICF WHO.
Health Condition (disorder/disease)
Body functions and structure, Activity & Participation
Environmental and Personal factors (aka contextual factors)
What are some common problems in children with complex disabilities?
- saliva control difficulties
- feeding problems
- gastro-oesophageal reflux
- mobility problems
- communication difficulties
- pain
What are some other issues to consider apart from the childs’ disorder?
- Family Perspective
- Process of adjustment
- Traumatic event
- Bereavment Process.
Generally, how can having a child with a disability impact the family?
- Increased stress
- loss of relationships/friendships
- poor parental health
- high level of stress when dealing with service providers.
