Paediatric Surgery Flashcards Preview

Y2 CHILD HEALTH > Paediatric Surgery > Flashcards

Flashcards in Paediatric Surgery Deck (21)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

What are the 3 main symptoms that could warrant a surgical emergency in children?

A

Vomiting
Abdominal pain
Acute scrotum

2
Q

What is the differential diagnosis of a 6-week-old child with milky projectile vomit and bulges on their abdomen? How is it diagnosed and managed?

A

Pyloric stenosis
US
Pyloromyotomy

3
Q

What colour is bile-vomit?

A

Green (like Fairy-Liquid-green)

4
Q

Bile-coloured vomit is a red flag. True/False?

A

True

5
Q

A baby with bile-coloured vomit is what condition until proven otherwise? How is it diagnosed and managed?

A

Intestinal malrotation
Abdominal XR
Surgery

6
Q

What is the differential diagnosis of a 6-month-old child with hard abdominal masses and “redcurrant jelly” faeces? How is it diagnosed?

A

Intussusception (bowel telescopes in on itself (small bowel into large bowel)
US

7
Q

How is intussusception treated?

A

Blow air through bowel via anus

8
Q

A 6-year-old boy complains of abdominal pain and “not liking the bumps en route to hospital”. He is reluctant to stand up. What is top of your differential list? How is it diagnosed and managed?

A

Peritonitis (can jump)

Appendicitis (can’t jump, fever)
US
Laparoscopic removal

9
Q

List general symptoms of an acute scrotum

A
Redness
Swelling
Bruising
Pain
Abnormal position
10
Q

List differentials of acute scrotum

A
Testicular torsion
Epididymitis
Idiopathic scrotal oedema
BXO
Hernia
Undescended testis
11
Q

What is a hydatid of Morgagni?

A

Vestigial Mullerian duct structure from development present on the top of the testis
1/3 have palpable blue dot discoloration on testis

12
Q

What is balanitis xerotica obliterans? How is it managed?

A

Scarred foreskin with white hardened tissue which may prevent retraction
Circumcision

13
Q

Hypospadias is the most common congenital defect of the penis. What is it?

A

Abnormally placed external urethral orifice on the urethral groove underside the shaft of the penis, causing pee to eject backwards

14
Q

What is a hydrocele and what causes it?

A

Fluid accumulation around the testicle

Patent processus vaginalis

15
Q

What test is done to detect undescended testis?

A

Soap test
Place soap between ASIS and pubic tubercle and slide thumb along line to palpate the testicle: if palpable surgery is performed, if not palpable laparoscopic procedure is performed to locate the testicle

16
Q

What are the most common causes of GI obstruction in a child?

A

Congenital pyloric stenosis
Volvulus
Intusception
Malrotation

17
Q

What is a red flag to be aware of in constipation?

A

Hirshsprugs - delay in passage of meconium for more than 24 hours post-birth

18
Q

List features of tetralogy of fallot

A
Don't DROP baby
vsD
Rvh
Overriding aorta
Pulmonary stenosis
19
Q

List signs of testicular torsion. How is it managed?

A

Red, sore, hard to walk, solitary bruise

4-6hr to treat

20
Q

List signs of epididymitis. How is it managed?

A

Inflamed testicle
Red, sore
Antibiotics

21
Q

What is idiopathic scrotal oedema? How is it managed?

A

Acute itchy testicle
Swollen, red
Waterlogged tissue
Antihistamines, analgesia but self-limiting